RESUMO
A pilot project for neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) by measuring trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI) in liquid serum or plasma samples was carried out in Norway from May 1982 to December 1984. A total of 72,320 newborns was screened. Twelve infants were recalled for sweat testing; 11 were confirmed to have CF. One infant had normal sweat sodium and chloride levels and no clinical symptoms. The incidence of CF in this study was 1:6574, and the recall rate for second blood samples was 0.6%. No false-negative cases have yet been reported. The level of TLI was affected by the use of heparin in plasma preparation, being reduced by about 20% as compared to serum levels.
Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/prevenção & controle , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Tripsina/sangue , Fibrose Cística/sangue , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Noruega , Projetos Piloto , RadioimunoensaioAssuntos
Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Glucose/farmacologia , Hexoquinase/metabolismo , Insulina/farmacologia , Rim/enzimologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Sistema Livre de Células , Cricetinae , Meios de Cultura , Cicloeximida/farmacologia , Eletroforese , Fibroblastos/enzimologia , Isoenzimas , Rim/citologia , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Especificidade de Órgãos , Fosfogluconato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Polyomavirus , Polissacarídeos , Solubilidade , Especificidade da Espécie , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Frações Subcelulares/enzimologia , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Aminas Biogênicas/farmacologia , Córtex Cerebral/metabolismo , Biossíntese Peptídica , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Aminoácidos/análise , Animais , Cromatografia em Gel , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Cromatografia em Papel , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Liofilização , Haplorrinos , Hidrólise , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Anorexia Nervosa/urina , Depressores do Apetite/urina , Peptídeos/urina , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Transporte , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Cromatografia em Gel , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Peptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Intravenous injection of high doses of bacterial derived growth hormone (1 and 2 mg Somatonorm) did not affect the plasma levels of glucagon, insulin and free fatty acids in fasted and fed rabbits. On the other hand, 1 and 2 mg human extracted growth hormone (Crescormon) had stimulatory effects on plasma levels of glucagon, insulin and free fatty acids. These results indicate that the observed stimulatory effects in the rabbits were not due to the growth hormone molecule itself. It was shown by gel filtration and SDS electrophoresis that Crescormon contained constituents that were not present in Somatonorm. The differences in the observed metabolic effects of bacterial derived and pituitary growth hormone preparations in the rabbits could possibly be attributed to a human pituitary lipid-mobilizing factor LMF.
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/sangue , Glucagon/sangue , Hormônio do Crescimento/farmacologia , Insulina/sangue , Animais , Cromatografia em Gel , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Feminino , Hormônio do Crescimento/análogos & derivados , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Coelhos , Ioimbina/farmacologiaRESUMO
A mitosis inhibiting peptide pyroGlu-Glu-Asp-Ser-GlyOH has been isolated from mouse skin extracts. Both the biological and a synthetic peptide with the same structure reversibly inhibit epidermal mitoses in a curvilinear fashion after intraperitoneal injection. The two compounds are chromatographically identical.
Assuntos
Oligopeptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Pele/análise , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Camundongos , Camundongos Pelados , Mitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Oligopeptídeos/farmacologia , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/análogos & derivados , Pele/citologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The tetrapeptide pyroGlu-Glu-Asp-GlyOH and its gamma-amide have been isolated from the urines of lipodystrophic patients with insulin-resistant diabetes. Both peptides induce insulin release only at high blood glucose levels.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Lipoatrófica/urina , Insulina/metabolismo , Oligopeptídeos/urina , Animais , Glicemia/análise , Humanos , Secreção de Insulina , Masculino , Oligopeptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Oligopeptídeos/fisiologia , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/análogos & derivados , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
It is well documented that peptides have a major role in the effective functioning of higher animals at all levels from enzyme stabilization to homeostatic mechanisms governing essential functions such as eating, sexual behavior, and temperature regulation. The effects of exogenously administered peptides on neurotransmitter release, uptake, metabolism and behavioral consequences are also well established. We have attempted to extend these findings by postulating peptidergic neurons as transducers of multisignal inputs, and that development of pathological states may be due to genetically-determined reduced levels of activity of key peptidases, leading to excretion of regulatory peptides into the circulation. We have been able to demonstrate that, in schizophrenia and autism (in well defined clinical cases), the patterns of peptides and associated proteins from urinary samples differ considerably from each other and from normal controls. In addition to this, further purification of the material obtained has led to the discovery of a number of factors capable of modulating the function of major neurotransmitters. Some of these are in the final stages of characterization as peptides, while the remainder are also probably peptides, as purification has been followed by both biological testing and chemical analysis for peptidic material. We have outlined a number of parameters which we consider relevant in any attempt to put psychiatric disorders on a biological foundation. Any new advances in the neurochemical understanding of such disorders must take into consideration the observations of several different disciplines including genetics and psychology. However, at this stage of research it is far too early to speculate on the relevance of the various biological activities to the etiology and symptomatology of schizophrenia and childhood autism.
Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/fisiopatologia , Peptídeos/fisiologia , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatologia , Transtorno Autístico/urina , Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiologia , Dopamina/fisiologia , Humanos , Norepinefrina/metabolismo , Peptídeo Hidrolases/metabolismo , Esquizofrenia/urina , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/fisiologiaRESUMO
Peptidic neurones may be considered as multisignal intergrators and transducers. When formation or release of peptide outstrips genetically determined breakdown capacity, overflow of peptides to the body fluids and urine may be expected. In this paper, pathological urinary chromatographic patterns of peptides are shown for genetic, functional and mixed disorders. Part symptoms of the disorders may be induced with the biologically isolated and purified peptides as well as with chemically synthesized peptides.