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OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at characterizing 3 populations of family/friend caregivers of patients with different life-threatening organ failure regarding health-related quality of life, caregiver burden, and dyadic coping. METHODS: Three cross-sectional (population) studies were conducted at a tertiary hospital in Denmark (2019-2020). Patients with renal failure (RF), cystic fibrosis (CF), and intestinal failure (IF) were asked to designate the closest person with ≥18 years old involved in the care (caregiver) to participate in this study. Number of caregivers included were RF = 78, CF = 104, and IF = 73. Electronic questionnaires were filled in by caregivers to assess health-related quality of life and caregiver burden and by caregivers and respective patients to assess dyadic coping. RESULTS: The 3 caregiver groups had self-perception of poor health and energy; however, caregivers of CF patients perceived their physical role functioning better than those caregiving for RF and IF patients (p = 0.002). The level of caregiver burden was reported as not high, but caregivers used in average 13 hours/day for caring. Moreover, cleaning tasks (p = 0.005) and personal care (p = 0.009) were more demanding in RF and IF patients. Caregivers also did not differ regarding dyadic coping. When comparing patients and caregivers, stress communication by oneself and the partner differed (p < 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: Caregivers spent many hours in the care role, they reported poor health, and dyadic coping may be improved. Interventions in caregivers of patients with life-threatening organ failure could help to improve care management at home, caregiver's health, and dyadic coping between caregiver and patient and consequently reduce caregiver burden.
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Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis generally have a significant symptom burden, which may interfere with their quality of life. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of fatigue, pain, anxiety, and depression in patients on hemodialysis and analyze their co-occurrence. A cross-sectional study used self-reported measures. A total of 242 patients aged 18 years or older were initially screened; 141 were included in the study; 129 answered the questionnaires (response rate 91%). Preva lences were 24.8% had moderate to severe fatigue, 38.0% had pain, 32.6% had anxiety, and 29.5% had depression. The prevalence of coexistent moderate to severe symptoms ranged from 15.5% to 25.6%. Further research is needed to better understand the symptom burden and their co-occurrence in patients receiving hemodialysis.
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Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Dor , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fadiga/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: End-stage kidney disease and hemodialysis (HD) treatment are associated with a high symptom burden in many patients. This study aimed at updating patient-reported outcomes concerning quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, and depression in HD patients treated in a single center in order to assess the need for palliative care provision. METHOD: A cross-sectional design, in which a sample of patients treated at a single HD department (Rigshospitalet, Denmark) between January and June 2019, was analyzed using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In addition, we compared the results with previously published data from the same department (2000) and with an age- and sex-matched sample from the Danish general population (1997/2014). Chi-square and t-tests were used for comparisons. RESULTS: Screened patients = 242, included = 141, analyzed = 131 (70.2% male, mean age = 61.3 years). HD patients reported low scores for quality of life, high scores for fatigue, and approximately 30% had anxiety/depression. Regarding quality of life, they had significantly lower scores on general health (P ≤ 0.000), vitality (P = 0.009), social functioning (P = 0.001), mental health (P = 0.007), and mental component (P = 0.005) compared with former data of HD patients. Moreover, they reported significantly poorer quality of life and worse fatigue compared with the general Danish population. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: In the patients undergoing HD, quality of life was poor and worsened when compared with former HD patients' data. Additionally, fatigue, depression, and anxiety in HD patients were prevalent. A clear need for palliative care provision was observed.
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Cuidados Paliativos , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/etiologia , Fadiga/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Diálise Renal/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) collaborate with their clinicians when choosing their future treatment modality. Most elderly patients with CKD5 may only have two treatment options: dialysis or conservative kidney management (CKM). The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether CKM offers a quantity or quality of life benefit compared to dialysis for some patients with CKD5. METHODS: The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched for studies comparing patients with CKD5 who had chosen or were treated with either CKM or dialysis. The primary outcomes were mortality and quality of life (QoL). Hospitalization, symptom burden, and place of death were secondary outcomes. For studies reporting hazard ratios, pooled values were calculated, and forest plots conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-five primary studies, all observational, were identified. All studies reported an increased mortality in patients treated with CKM (pooled hazard ratio 0.47, 95 % confidence interval 0.34-0.65). For patients aged ≥ 80 years and for elderly individuals with comorbidities, results were ambiguous. In most studies, CKM seemed advantageous for QoL and secondary outcomes. Findings were limited by the heterogeneity of studies and biased outcomes favouring dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: In general, patients with CKD5 who have chosen or are on CKM live for a shorter time than patients who have chosen or are on dialysis. In patients aged ≥ 80 years old, and in elderly individuals with comorbidities, the survival benefits of dialysis seem to be lost. Regarding QoL, symptom burden, hospitalization, and place of death, CKM may have advantages. Higher quality studies are needed to guide patients and clinicians in the decision-making process.
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Tratamento Conservador , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Expectativa de Vida , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Health related quality of life (HRQOL) has become a recognized outcome in studies of the treatment of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to assess changes in HRQOL reported by two different samples of patients undergoing HD in the same dialysis center in 2002 and 2015. Two samples of patients from the same Danish dialysis center completed the HRQOL questionnaire Kidney Disease Quality of Life version 1.3 in 2002 (n = 71) and 2015 (n = 81), respectively. The associations between KDQOL summery scores and the time frame were analyzed in multivariable regression analyses. The 2015 sample of patients were older compared to the 2002 sample (66 ± 13 vs. 59 ± 16 years, p = 0.003, respectively), they comprised more obese patients (20.6 vs. 3.2%, p = 0.002) and more patients with hypoalbuminemia (66.7 vs. 42.9%, p = 0.006). After confounder adjustment the time period 2015 versus 2002 was not associated with changes in the generic summery scales Physical Component Scale (ß 3.9, 95% CI <-0.1; 7.9, p = 0.051) and Mental Component Scale (ß -2.5, 95% CI -7.6; 2.5, p = 0.322) or the disease specific summery scale Kidney Disease Component Scale (ß 1.0, 95% CI -5.1; 7.1, p = 0.746). This study indicated an unchanged HRQOL when recent data were compared with data collected 13 years earlier in patients undergoing HD from a Danish dialysis center. We suggest that the included dialysis center monitor HRQOL and pay attention on interventions that may be associated with improvements of HRQOL and reduce the elevated frequency of patients with obesity or hypoalbuminemia.
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Hipoalbuminemia/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Dinamarca , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Albumina Sérica/análise , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of high-intensity resistance training on satellite cell (SC) and myonuclear number in the muscle of patients undergoing dialysis. METHODS: Patients (n = 21) underwent a 16-week control period, followed by 16 weeks of resistance training 3 times weekly. SC and myonuclear number were determined by immunohistochemistry of vastus lateralis muscle biopsy cross-sections. Knee extension torque was tested in a dynamometer. RESULTS: During training, SCs/type I fibers increased by 15%, whereas SCs/type II fibers remained unchanged. Myonuclear content of type II, but not type I, fibers increased with training. Before the control period, the SC content of type II fibers was lower than that of type I fibers, whereas contents were comparable when normalized to fiber area. Torque increased after training. CONCLUSIONS: Increased myonuclear content of type II muscle fibers of dialysis patients who perform resistance training suggests that SC dysfunction is not the limiting factor for muscle growth.
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Fibras Musculares de Contração Rápida/citologia , Fibras Musculares de Contração Rápida/fisiologia , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Diálise Renal , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Células Satélites de Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Distribuição Aleatória , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is inequal access to treatment and scarce evidence on how the disease burden in chronic intestinal failure (CIF) compares to other chronic nonmalignant types of organ failure. Therefore, we compared the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people with CIF with that of people with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) receiving hemodialysis (HD). These groups were selected for comparison as they have similar treatment characteristics. We hypothesized that people treated with HD and people with CIF had similarly poor HRQOL. METHODS: HRQOL was evaluated and compared in a cross-sectional study of adult people with CIF and people with ESKD HD at a tertiary hospital in Denmark, using the Short-Form 36 (SF-36). RESULTS: One hundred forty-one people with CIF and 131 people with ESKD receiving HD were included in the analysis. Both groups reported low scores (<50) for HRQOL on general health, vitality, and role limitation-physical. People with ESKD receiving HD had significantly lower scores than people with CIF regarding physical functioning, general health, and vitality when adjusted for sex and age. No significant difference was found for any other SF-36 domain. CONCLUSION: HRQOL was similarly and significantly reduced in people with CIF and in people with ESKD receiving HD. People with ESKD receiving HD had significantly poorer HRQOL than people with CIF in some aspects of physical and mental health. Access to home parenteral support treatment varies among countries that typically provide HD, suggesting an inequality in healthcare based on the type of organ failure.
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Enteropatias , Insuficiência Intestinal , Falência Renal Crônica , Adulto , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Falência Renal Crônica/psicologia , Diálise Renal/psicologia , Doença Crônica , Enteropatias/complicações , Enteropatias/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this controlled study was to investigate the effect of high-load strength training on glucose tolerance in patients undergoing dialysis. METHODS: 23 patients treated by dialysis underwent a 16-week control period followed by 16 weeks of strength training three times a week. Muscle fiber size, composition and capillary density were analyzed in biopsies obtained in the vastus lateralis muscle. Glucose tolerance and the insulin response were measured by a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: All outcome measures remained unchanged during the control period. After strength training the relative area of type 2X fibers was decreased. Muscle fiber size and capillary density remained unchanged. After the strength training, insulin concentrations were significantly lower in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes (n = 14) (fasting insulin from 68 ± 12 (46-96) to 54 ± 10 (37-77) pmol/l, p < 0.05, 2-hour insulin from 533 ± 104 (356-776) to 344 ± 68 (226-510) pmol/l, p < 0.05, total insulin area under the curve from 1,868 ± 334 (1,268-2,536) to 1,465 ± 222 (1,094-1,913), p < 0.05). Insulin concentrations were unchanged in patients with normal glucose tolerance (n = 9). CONCLUSION: The conducted strength training was associated with a significant improvement in glucose tolerance in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes undergoing dialysis. The effect was apparently not associated with muscle hypertrophy, whereas the muscle fiber type composition was changed.
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Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Hiperglicemia/etiologia , Hiperglicemia/prevenção & controle , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/reabilitação , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-load resistance training on the rate of force development and neuromuscular function in patients undergoing dialysis. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients were tested before and after 16 weeks of resistance training. The rate of force development was tested using the Good Strength dynamometer chair. Muscle strength and neuromuscular function in the m. Vastus lateralis was estimated using electromyography in a one repetition maximum test during dynamic knee extension and during a 20 s isometric knee extension with 50% of the one repetition maximum load. Muscle biopsies from the m. Vastus lateralis were analysed for morphologic characteristics. RESULTS: One repetition maximum in knee extension increased by 46% (P<0.001) after the training programme. Rate of force development increased by 21-38% (P<0.05). The electromyography amplitude increased during 200-300 msec from 183 ± 36 µV to 315 ± 66 µV, (P<0.05), whilst electromyography frequency remained unchanged. The electromyography signals, during isometric contractions, remained unchanged. A higher rate of force development was found to be significantly associated with larger type 2 muscle fibres (r=0.647). CONCLUSION: Muscle strength in patients undergoing dialysis was increased after 16 weeks of resistance training in parallel with changed neuromuscular function and greater rate of force development, both of which have important clinical implications in terms of improved physical performance.
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Contração Isométrica/fisiologia , Força Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Diálise Renal , Treinamento Resistido , Adulto , Idoso , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-load strength training and protein intake in patients undergoing dialysis with a focus on muscle strength, physical performance, and muscle morphology. DESIGN: This was a randomized controlled study conducted in three dialysis centers. SUBJECTS: Subjects for the study included 29 patients undergoing dialysis. INTERVENTION: The participants went through a control period of 16 weeks before completing 16 weeks of strength training. Before the training period, the participants were randomly assigned to receive a protein or a nonprotein drink after every training session. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Muscle strength and power were tested using the good strength equipment and the leg extensor power rig. Physical performance and function were assessed using a chair stand test and the Short Form 36 questionnaire. Muscle fiber type size and composition were analyzed in biopsies obtained from the m. vastus lateralis. RESULTS: All variables remained unchanged during the control period. After training, muscle strength and power, physical performance, and physical function increased significantly. Muscle fiber composition was changed by a relative decrease in type 2x muscle fiber number whereas muscle size at the fiber level was unchanged. There were no effects of combining the training with protein intake. CONCLUSIONS: High-load strength training is associated with improvements in muscle strength and power, physical performance, and quality of life. The effects were surprisingly not associated with muscle hypertrophy, and the results did not reveal any additional benefit of combining the training with protein intake. The positive results in muscle strength and physical performance have clinically relevant implications in the treatment of patients undergoing dialysis.
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Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Suplementos Nutricionais , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Diálise Renal , Treinamento Resistido , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Patients with malignant diseases are known to have a high symptom burden including pain, and insufficient treatment of pain in this population has been frequently documented. To promote the integration of specialized palliative care and hematology and oncology, this study investigated disease, treatment, and comorbidity related symptoms as well as functional capacity and health-related quality of life (HQoL) by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and clinician-reported outcome measures (ClinROs) among inpatients in a comprehensive cancer center. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a large comprehensive cancer centre of both oncological and hematological inpatients. It combined the use of PROMs and ClinROs. RESULTS: A high symptom burden was reported with fatigue and appetite loss as the most frequent symptoms, and role function being the most impaired function. Further, a low HQoL score was associated with a high number of symptoms/impairments. More than half of all patients reported pain in the last 24 h. Out of 95 patients with average pain >0 in the last 24 h, 71% were treated with opioids and 24% were treated with adjuvant analgesic (AA) defined as antiepileptics, antidepressants and prednisolone. Out of 57 patients with average pain >0 in the last 24 h and possible neuropathic pain, 33% were treated with AAs. A high odds ratio for moderate/severe pain in patients with possible neuropathic pain mechanisms was observed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This study did not only emphasize the need for systematic use of PROMs to identify symptoms and needs for inpatients, but also displayed why PROMs supported by ClinROs are a prerequisite to deliver truly individualized and high-quality patient-centered care. This study calls for continuous training of health care professionals to deliver high-quality treatment of pain. Further, it contributes to the growing recognition, that palliative care and standard care must be integrated to strengthen patient-centered care.
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Neoplasias , Neuralgia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/terapia , Neuralgia/complicações , Cuidados Paliativos , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Qualidade de VidaRESUMO
(1) Background: The purpose of this article was to investigate the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and all-cause mortality in ambulatory patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), stage 4-5 including maintenance dialysis. (2) Methods: Ambulatory patients with CKD (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2) with conservative treatment or chronic dialysis were included. PA was assessed using the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale. A Cox proportional hazards regression model--adjusted for age, sex, plasma-albumin, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and treatment--was applied. (3) Results: Participants (n = 374) were followed 39 ± 15 months from entry to death or censoring. Throughout the study period of 39 months, 156 deaths (42%) were registered. Regarding physical activity, 128 (34%) of the participants were inactive, 212 (57%) were moderately active, and 34 (9%) were highly or vigorously active. Moderate PA was associated with a decreased mortality risk in women (n = 150) compared to inactivity (HR 0.27 (0.15; 0.51), p < 0.001), whereas a high/vigorous level of PA was not significantly associated with mortality risk compared to inactivity. In men (n = 224), the associations between PA levels and mortality risk were not significant. (4) Conclusions: Moderate PA was associated with reduced all-cause mortality in ambulatory women with stage 4-5 CKD with or without maintenance dialysis treatment. Physical activity was not significantly associated with mortality in men.
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Falência Renal Crônica , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Caracteres SexuaisRESUMO
PURPOSE: Quality of life (QOL) and physical activity (PA) is reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim was to investigate the impact of marital status and educational level on QOL and PA in patients with CKD including dialysis treatment. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included ambulatory adult patients undergoing dialysis or CKD stage 4-5. Data for marital status, educational level and PA were obtained using the Danish health and Morbidity Survey. QOL was assessed using the Physical Component Scale and the Mental Component Scale scores from the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument. RESULTS: Five hundred twelve participants were included: 316 (62%) were married/had a permanent partner, 119 (23%) had a low level of education, 327 (67%) were physically active. After confounder adjustments (age, sex, treatment), having a permanent partner was associated with greater scores in Mental Component Scale, ß 2.88 [CI 95% 0.99; 4.77], p = 0.003, and being physically active in women OR 2.237 [1.231; 4.066], p = 0.008. A high vs low educational level was associated with greater scores in Physical Component Scale (3.79 [1.01; 6.58], p = 0.008) and in Mental Component Scale (3.55 [0.82; 6.28], p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: In ambulatory patients with CKD stage 4-5, being married or having a permanent partner and a high educational level had positive impacts on mental QOL. Higher educational level was also associated with better physical QOL. The presented inequality in QOL should be considered in communications, care and treatments in clinical practice.
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Exercício Físico , Falência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Falência Renal Crônica/psicologia , Estado Civil , Qualidade de Vida , Classe Social , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Dinamarca , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Masculino , Diálise RenalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal pain has been reported as a clinical problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of musculoskeletal pain in patients with CKD and no mobility problems with a general population and to investigate the impact of pain on quality of life (QOL), physical activity and physical function. METHODS: Patients with CKD Stages 4 and 5 with or without a dialysis treatment and no mobility problems were included. Musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder/neck, back/low back and limbs and level of physical activity were measured using the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey and coded into dichotomous answers. QOL and physical function were measured using the kidney disease QOL questionnaire and the 30-s chair stand test, respectively. Data for the general population were collected in national registers and adjusted for age, gender and region. RESULTS: The patients (n = 539) had a mean age of 66 [95% confidence interval (CI) 65-67] years, 62% were men and they were treated with haemodialysis (HD) (n = 281), peritoneal dialysis (n = 62) or without dialysis (n = 196). The frequency of reported musculoskeletal pain in the patients did not exceed pain reported by the general population [e.g. pain in the limbs in patients undergoing HD versus a matched general population, 61% versus 63% (P = 0.533), respectively]. Pain in all measured body sites was associated with reduced QOL [e.g. pain in the limbs associated with a physical component scale ß of -8.2 (95% CI -10.3 to -6.0), P < 0.001]. Pain in the limbs was associated with a reduced number of repetitions in the 30-s chair stand test [mean -1.7 (95% CI -3.0 to -0.4), P = 0.009]. Pain in the shoulder/neck was associated with reduced odds of being physically active [odds ratio 0.6 (95% CI 0.4 to 0.9); P = 0.022]. CONCLUSIONS: Musculoskeletal pain was not more frequently reported by patients with CKD and no mobility problems compared with the general population. However, as musculoskeletal pain was reported by up to two-thirds of the patient sample, healthcare professionals should remember to focus on this issue. The patients' pain was associated with negative impacts on QOL, level of physical activity and physical function.
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The aim was to investigate oral health in randomly selected patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data obtained by structured interview (self-reported lifestyle, oral symptoms and regularity of dental visits) and oral examination of patients with CKD from the Copenhagen University Hospital. Fourteen patients with CKD were screened. Only half of the patients reported regular dental visits and poor dental status was registered in half of the patients. Oral mucosal changes were registered in thirteen patients (93%). Eleven patients (79%) had gingival inflammatory disease. Twelve patients (86%) were carriers of Candida, and three (21%) had oral candidosis. Six patients (43%) had low whole saliva flow rate. Twelve patients (86%) reported at least one oral symptom. Overall, there was no differences in oral symptoms or findings related to kidney transplanted or not transplanted patients. The small sample size most likely influences the results. However, the vast majority of patients with CKD reported oral symptoms and only half consulted a dentist regularly. Poor dental status, oral mucosal changes and gingival disease were prevalent findings. Patients with CKD need focus on daily oral healthcare and regular dental visits. Interdisciplinary cooperation could encourage patients with CKD to focus on oral health.
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Doenças da Boca/epidemiologia , Saúde Bucal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Candidíase Bucal/epidemiologia , Dinamarca/epidemiologia , Feminino , Gengivite/epidemiologia , Humanos , Transplante de Rim , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , SalivaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: An interdisciplinary team approach to patients in specialised palliative care is recommended; however, the composition of the professionals tends to vary, and the roles of physiotherapists and occupational therapists may be underestimated. We aimed to investigate patient-reported unmet needs, which potentially could benefit from physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions in a specialised palliative care team. METHODS: Adult patients with chronic advanced diseases referred to the Specialised Palliative Care Team at Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet were enrolled in the study. The Three-Levels-of-Needs Questionnaire was used as primary outcome to assess symptom/problem intensity, symptom/problem burden and felt needs for 12 commonly reported symptoms/problems for patients referred to a specialised palliative care team. Furthermore, participants' level of distress, fatigue and physical activity, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and barriers towards the rehabilitation programme were registered with other measures. RESULTS: In total, 43 of 67 (64%) patients participated. The majority of participants reported severe symptoms/problems concerning fatigue (81%), impaired physical activities (77%), carrying out work and daily activities (77%), pain (72%), and worries (58%). Furthermore, need for help was expressed concerning physical activities (79%), work and daily activities (77%), fatigue (70%), pain (65%), concentration (58%) and worries (51%). On average the patients characterised 6 (out of 12) symptoms/problems as severe. CONCLUSION: Patients referred to a specialised palliative care team reported extensive unmet needs concerning physical activities, work and daily activities, fatigue, pain, concentration and worries. Unmet needs that potentially could be alleviated by physiotherapists or occupational therapists implemented in the interdisciplinary team.
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BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is relevant to investigate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in dialysis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in order to optimise treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate HRQOL in dialysis and CKD patients, to compare results from patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and to investigate the prediction of dialysis quality control parameters (blood hemoglobin, plasma albumin, and Kt/V) and tobacco smoking in disease-specific HRQOL. METHODS: Seventy-one HD, 59 PD, and 63 CKD patients participated in the study. Dialysis quality control parameters were measured and the patients completed the questionnaire Kidney Disease Quality Of Life. RESULTS: PD patients rated Dialysis Staff Encouragement and Patient Satisfaction better than HD patients (p< or = 0.05). Dialysis patients scored significant lower than the general population in all generic HRQOL scales (p < or = 0.01), whereas CKD patients scored lower than the general population in 5 of 8 scales (p < or = 0.05). The dialysis quality parameters did not predict dialysis patients' disease specific HRQOL, but tobacco consumption was independently associated with low scores on a number of HRQOL scales. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it is suggested to include elements of HRQOL as a supplement to standard quality control parameters. It is also suggested routinely to include information of the beneficial effects of physical activity already in the predialysis program, and to focus on smoking as a very important risk factor.
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Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/reabilitação , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Diálise Peritoneal/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal/estatística & dados numéricos , Perfil de Impacto da Doença , Idoso , Dinamarca/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/psicologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diálise Peritoneal/psicologia , Diálise Renal/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The number of chronic renal failure patients treated by hemodialysis (HD) is continuously increasing. Most patients have reduced physical capacity and have a high risk of cardiac and vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 5 months physical exercise of HD patients' physical capacity, self-rated health and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. METHODS: 33 HD patients were included in the study. INCLUSION CRITERIA: HD for more than 3 months, age >18 years. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Diabetes mellitus, symptomatic cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal limitations, severe peripheral polyneuropathy, inability to speak Danish or English, dementia or other mental disorders. The patients were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG, n = 22) or a control group (CG, n = 11). Prior to randomization, baseline testing was performed. The effects were measured by aerobic capacity, '2-min stair climbing', 'squat test', self-rated health (SF36), blood pressure and lipids. All tests were carried out by blinded testers. The intervention consisted of 1 h of physical exercise twice a week for 5 months. RESULTS: 20 patients completed the intervention. Attendance was 74% of all sessions. There were no dropouts caused by complications related to the intervention. The EG had a significant increase in aerobic capacity, 'squat test' and Physical Function and Physical Component Scale (SF36). No significant changes were observed in any of the parameters in the CG. CONCLUSION: Physical exercise twice a week for 5 months increases physical function and aerobic capacity in HD patients. An exercise program with only two exercise sessions per week seems easy to implement in clinical practice with high attendance among participants. Further investigation is needed to determine the effects on blood pressure and lipids. There were no medical complications related to the exercise program.
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Exercício Físico , Falência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Pressão Sanguínea , Tolerância ao Exercício , Feminino , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aptidão Física , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal , Fatores de Risco , Método Simples-CegoRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare sexual dysfunction in Danish female predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4-5 with age-matched healthy women in Denmark. METHODS: Twenty-seven adult female predialysis patients (CKD stage 4-5 ~ creatinine clearance ≤ 30 ml/min) without diagnosed depression and 54 randomly assigned healthy female controls completed the questionnaires Female Sexual Function Index, Female Sexual Distress Scale, and the Major Depression Inventory. RESULTS: Predialysis patients reported lower Female Sexual Function Index scores compared to the controls (14.2 ± 2.1 vs. 20.1 ± 1.7, respectively, p = 0.048), more frequent sexual distress (44 vs. 22 %, respectively, p = 0.044), and more frequent sexual dysfunction (41 vs. 17 %, respectively, p = 0.041). There was no difference between the patients' and the controls' depression scores (12.2 ± 2.2 vs. 8.6 ± 1.1, respectively, p = 0.180). CONCLUSION: Sexual dysfunction was found to be more than two times as frequent in Danish female predialysis patients with CKD stage 4-5 compared to age- and gender-matched healthy controls, and this result emphasizes the need for attention towards sexual function in the treatment for CKD.