RESUMO
As a serious public health concern, alcohol-related liver disease is associated with dysregulations in the intestinal barrier function and the gut microbiota. The liver and gut communicate via the gut-liver axis, through which microbial products and metabolites translocate to the liver. Here, the current knowledge of various microbial products and metabolites which contribute to the alcohol-related liver diseases, including bile acids, indole-3-acetic acid, butyrate, long-chain fatty acids, endotoxin, cytolysin, ß-glucan, and candidalysin is reviewed. Some of these might serve as therapeutic targets for alcohol-related liver disease.
Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/metabolismo , Fígado Gorduroso Alcoólico/metabolismo , Fígado Gorduroso Alcoólico/microbiologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Animais , Ácidos e Sais Biliares/metabolismo , Butiratos/metabolismo , Endotoxinas/metabolismo , Endotoxinas/farmacocinética , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Humanos , Ácidos Indolacéticos/metabolismo , beta-Glucanas/metabolismoRESUMO
Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with hepatic steatosis and dysregulation of the gut microbiota in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, how gut microbiota responds when patients stop drinking has not been well studied. In this study, we use shotgun metagenomic sequencing to elucidate the alterations in the functional capacity of gut microbiota in patients with AUD when they stop drinking for 2-weeks. Sensitive microbial pathways to alcohol abstinence were identified in AUD patients. Further, we found the functional microbial responses to alcohol abstinence were different in AUD patients with different degree of hepatic steatosis. Our results provide insights into the link between functional alterations of the gut microbiota and steatosis associated with alcohol consumption.