Recent Advances on Peptide-Based Biosensors and Electronic Noses for Foodborne Pathogen Detection.

Foodborne pathogens present a serious issue around the world due to the remarkably high number of illnesses they cause every year. In an effort to narrow the gap between monitoring needs and currently implemented classical detection methodologies, the last decades have seen an increased development of highly accurate and reliable biosensors. Peptides as recognition biomolecules have been explored to develop biosensors that combine simple sample preparation and enhanced detection of bacterial pathogens in food. This review first focuses on the selection strategies for the design and screening of sensitive peptide bioreceptors, such as the isolation of natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from living organisms, the screening of peptides by phage display and the use of in silico tools. Subsequently, an overview on the state-of-the-art techniques in the development of peptide-based biosensors for foodborne pathogen detection based on various transduction systems was given. Additionally, limitations in classical detection strategies have led to the development of innovative approaches for food monitoring, such as electronic noses, as promising alternatives. The use of peptide receptors in electronic noses is a growing field and the recent advances of such systems for foodborne pathogen detection are presented. All these biosensors and electronic noses are promising alternatives for the pathogen detection with high sensitivity, low cost and rapid response, and some of them are potential portable devices for on-site analyses.

Factores asociados a síntomas depresivos con importancia clínica en el posparto en adolescentes de Cartagena (Colombia) / Associated factors with clinically significant depressive symptoms in postpartum adolescents in Cartagena (Colombia)

Objetivo: Establecer los factores asociados a síntomas depresivos con importancia clínica (SDIC) en el posparto en adolescentes de Cartagena (Colombia). Método: Se realizó un estudio analítico observacional transversal, con una muestra de puérperas adolescentes, con edades entre 10 y 19 años, captadas durante la cita de control a los siete días del posparto en los centros de atención primaria de Cartagena durante 2012. La información fue recolectada con la Escala de Depresión Postparto de Edinburgh, la escala de Duke para apoyo social y el cuestionario de Apgar para funcionalidad familiar. Resultados: Participaron en el estudio 460 adolescentes; la edad media fue 16,6 años (DE=2,1); 49,6 % (228) de las adolescentes presentaron SDIC; el 44,3 % (204) presentó bajo apoyo social y el 67,2 % (309) tenía familias disfuncionales. Los SDIC se asociaron a bajo apoyo social (OR=2,4; IC95 % 1,4-4,7), bajo apoyo afectivo (OR=2,0; IC95 % 1,1-3,8) y bajo apoyo confidencial (OR=2,1; IC95 % 1,2-3,8). Conclusión: La presentación de síntomas depresivos con importancia clínica en el posparto adolescente se asocia a bajo apoyo social, bajo apoyo social afectivo y bajo apoyo social confidencial.

Objective: To determine the associated factors with clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDS) in postpartum adolescents in Cartagena, Colombia. Method: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample of postpartum adolescents, aged between 10 and 19 years, identified during the follow-up visit within seven days after delivery in primary care centers in Cartagena during 2012. Information was collected with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Duke Social Support and Stress Scale (DUSOCS) and the Family Apgar questionnaire for family functioning. Results: The study involved 460 adolescents, mean age was 16.6 years (SD=2.1), 49.6 (228) of the adolescents scored for CSDS; 44.3 % (204), low support social; and 67.2 % (309), dysfunctional families. CSDS were associated with low social support (OR=2.4; 95 %CI 1.4-4.7), low emotional support (OR=2.0; 95 %CI 1.1-3.8) and low confidential support (OR=2.1, 95 %CI 1.2-3.8). Conclusion: CSDS in postpartum adolescents is associated with low social support, low social confidential support and low social emotional support.