Keratinized mucosa width is associated with severity of peri-implant mucositis. A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This is a cross-sectional study designed with the aim to assess associations between the width of keratinized tissue and peri-implant mucositis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and thirty one dental implants in 52 patients were evaluated. The width of keratinized mucosa (KM), plaque index (mPI), gingival index (mGI), bleeding on probing index (BoP), and the probing depth (PD) were measured clinically. Reduced KM was defined as a width of KM below 2 mm and 1 mm, respectively. In the primary analysis, data were analyzed on the implant level with the help of a generalized estimating equations (GEE) model. In sensitivity analyses, an adjusted linear mixed model was performed. RESULTS: Forty four implants in 12 patients had less than 2 mm KM, and 187 implants in 40 patients had ≥ 2 mm KM. In the non-adjusted analysis on the implant level, reduced keratinized tissue width was significantly associated with peri-implant mucositis (OR 3.3, 95%-CI (1.3-8.0), p = 0.009) and severity of disease (mean difference 2.5, 95%-CI (0.8-4.2) p = 0.004). In sensitivity analyses, reduced keratinized tissue showed a significant association with severity of disease (OR 1.7, 95%-confidence interval = 0.1-34, p = 0.040). CONCLUSION: A reduced width of keratinized tissue around dental implants is a risk indicator for severity of peri-implant mucositis. The overall tendency of the results indicates that a sufficient amount of KM may contribute to reduce risk for and severity of peri-implant mucositis.

Successful use of a single-retainer all-ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial denture for replacement of a maxillary canine: a clinical report.

This clinical report describes the prosthodontic treatment of a 60-year-old woman to close an edentulous space in the region of the maxillary canine. Single-retainer resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (FPD) have shown satisfactory results in different studies. Recent in vivo studies have shown excellent results for all-ceramic anterior FPDs after 5 years. In the present situation, a cantilevered all-ceramic FPD chosen to replace a missing maxillary canine showed success at the 2.5-year follow-up. Special attention was given to functional and minimal restorative considerations. The use of single-retainer all-ceramic FPDs is discussed. The present case does not represent a routine and well-documented approach for the replacement of a missing maxillary canine. Rather, it is a rarity that was successful because of space availability, present occlusal scheme, and patient cooperation. Implant-supported restorations always should be considered as the first treatment option in such a clinical situation.

[Filling revision--possibilities and execution]. / Korrekturfüllung--Möglichkeiten und Durchführung.

For the last years new techniques and materials have been developed and tested to make corrections or revisions of fillings, metallic and ceramic restorations possible, allowing a bond between these different surfaces with reasonable strength. Composite material is qualified as universal repair material. Cavities of composite and amalgam fillings have to be sandblasted intraorally with aluminum oxide powder. The pre-treatment and conditioning of enamel and dentin can be managed by conventional methods such as the total etch technique but they cannot produce adequate microretentive surfaces on metallic and ceramic restorations. Silica coating by intraoral sandblasting and silane application can stabilize a durable bond. Enamel and dentin are conditioned additionally by conventional methods. Durable success of repair does not depend on using the original filling material. Adhesive and composite, however, have to be customised. While sandblasting hygiene should be observed and preventive measures are obligatory.

Evaluation of FTA ® paper for storage of oral meta-genomic DNA.

AIM: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the short-term storage of meta-genomic DNA from native oral biofilms on FTA(®) paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen volunteers of both sexes received an acrylic splint for intraoral biofilm formation over a period of 48 hours. The biofilms were collected, resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline, and either stored on FTA(®) paper or directly processed by standard laboratory DNA extraction. The nucleic acid extraction efficiencies were evaluated by 16S rDNA targeted SSCP fingerprinting. The acquired banding pattern of FTA-derived meta-genomic DNA was compared to a standard DNA preparation protocol. Sensitivity and positive predictive values were calculated. RESULTS: The volunteers showed inter-individual differences in their bacterial species composition. A total of 200 bands were found for both methods and 85% of the banding patterns were equal, representing a sensitivity of 0.941 and a false-negative predictive value of 0.059. CONCLUSION: Meta-genomic DNA sampling, extraction, and adhesion using FTA(®) paper is a reliable method for storage of microbial DNA for a short period of time.

Efficacy of different whitening modalities on bovine enamel and dentin.

Previous studies have shown that bleaching treatment may be efficient in both enamel and dentin, but it is still unknown how much the subsurface dentin contributes to the color change of teeth. This in vitro study evaluated the whitening effect of different external bleaching agents on enamel-dentin slabs and subsurface dentin. Ninety bovine teeth were distributed among six groups (A, Opalescence 10%; B, Opalescence PF 15%; C, Opalescence Quick; D, Opalescence Extra Boost; E, Rapid White; F, Whitestrips). Two enamel-dentin specimens were prepared from the labial surface of each teeth. In one of the specimens enamel was removed, resulting in a dentin (CD) disc of 1 mm high. The labial and the pulpal sides of the second specimen were ground until the remaining enamel and dentin layers of the enamel-dentin sample (ED) were 1 mm each. Whitening treatment of the ED specimens was performed according to manufacturers' instructions. Pre- and posttreatment Lab values of ED samples were analyzed using CIE-Lab. Baseline Lab values of dentin were analyzed by evaluation of the CD specimen. Finally, enamel of the ED specimens was removed and color change of the exposed dentin (D) was recorded. For all treatment agents significant color changes (DeltaE) were observed for enamel-dentin samples and subsurface dentin specimens compared to controls. In groups A-D DeltaE was significantly higher in dentin than enamel-dentin. Furthermore, L and b values of bleached enamel-dentin and subsurface dentin samples differed significantly from baseline. Treatment with the tested external whitening bleaching agents resulted in color change of both enamel-dentin and subsurface dentin samples. The results indicate that color change of treated teeth might be highly influenced by color change of the subsurface dentin.