Obesity in young women is positively associated with periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between excess body weight and periodontitis in adults, stratified by sex and age, and using different criteria for obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Enrolled in the study were 345 individuals with a minimum age of 18 years who had attended the Public Health Service in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. All individuals underwent a complete periodontal examination and anthropometric measurements and answered a questionnaire regarding their socioeconomic, demographic, health, and lifestyle conditions. Excess body weight (exposure factor) was defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. RESULTS: Periodontitis was found in 74.2% of study participants, with the disease being more prevalent among those individuals with increased WC. The occurrence of overweight was 44.4% and that of obesity ranged from 29.9 to 70.8%, dependent upon the specific definition of obesity that was used. There was a positive association between obesity (WC > 88 cm) and periodontitis only among women, after adjustment for age, smoking habit, education level, diabetes, and family income (PRadjusted: 1.20; 95%CI: [1.01-1.44]). The magnitude of this positive association was higher among women aged 18 to 49 years when the outcome was severe periodontitis, and the exposure was obesity defined by WC. CONCLUSIONS: The findings draw attention to the high frequency of the diseases investigated: overweight, obesity and periodontitis. Moreover, obesity was positively associated with periodontitis in women and younger individuals, demonstrating that among those with obesity, there is a higher probability of having periodontitis. The smaller number study of men in the may have influenced the non-statistically significant association found in that group. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Obese females and younger people are more likely to also have periodontitis. Periodontal evaluation and clinical management of individuals with obesity is recommended.

Periodontitis in individuals with few remaining teeth and a high gingival bleeding index increases the probability of dyslipidemia.

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia, a silent multifactorial condition, is characterized by changes in blood lipid levels, affecting all socioeconomic strata, increasing the risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study investigated whether there is an association between dyslipidemia and the combined exposure of periodontitis plus the number of remaining teeth, gingival bleeding, or caries. METHODS: A two-center cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1270 individuals, with a minimum age of 18 years. Socioeconomic and demographic data, health conditions, lifestyle parameters, and anthropometric, biochemical, and oral clinical examinations were performed. The exposures considered were the presence of periodontitis, dental caries, number of remaining teeth, and gingival bleeding. The outcome was dyslipidemia as defined by the Brazilian Guidelines on Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis. The combined associations between periodontitis plus other oral health conditions and dyslipidemia were estimated using confounder-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRsingle , PRmultiple , for single and multiple covariable adjustments) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), in a Poisson regression model with robust variance. RESULTS: The occurrence of dyslipidemia was 70.1% and periodontitis was 84.1%. A positive association between periodontitis and dyslipidemia existed: PRsingle  = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01-1.26. Combined exposure of periodontitis plus <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple  = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.05-1.43), as well as combined exposure of periodontitis plus ≥10% gingival bleeding and <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple  = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03-1.44), represented greater probabilities of 23% and 22% of individuals having a diagnosis of dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis combined with fewer than 11 teeth doubled the likelihood of being diagnosed with dyslipidemia.

The impact of caries in combination with periodontitis on oral health-related quality of life in Bahia, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Both dental caries and periodontal disease, as isolated conditions, can generate limitations and disabilities with negative repercussions on the individual's quality of life, but the combination of both oral diseases has not been investigated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the combined exposure to dental caries and periodontitis and the impact on oral health-related quality of life. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 306 individuals seen in the public health services in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. The individuals were divided into three groups: individuals without caries and periodontitis (n = 60), those with caries or periodontitis separately (n = 155), and those with both caries and periodontitis (n = 91). Information regarding sociodemographic, health conditions, behavioral aspects, and health-care characteristics were obtained through structured questionnaires. Oral clinical examination was performed to evaluate dental caries (decayed, missing, and filled teeth DMFT) and periodontal status including bleeding on probing, visible plaque index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. The impact of oral health on quality of life was measured using the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). RESULTS: In terms of the OHIP-14, the mean ±SD and median of the severity scores were 11.07 ±9.45 and 9, respectively, and mean ±SD of the extension score: 1.78 ±2.27. The adjusted association measurement showed that in individuals exposed simultaneously to caries and periodontitis, the occurrence of the impact on quality of life was 63% greater than among those without these diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the combined occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis is associated with a significant impact on oral health-related quality of life when compared with absence of these oral diseases.

Acolhimento à pessoa com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana: representações sociais de profissionais de saúde / Acogida a la persona con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana: representaciones sociales de los profesionales de la salud / User-embracement for the person with the human immunodeficiency virus: social representations of health professionals

Objetivo desvelar as representações sociais de profissionais de saúde da atenção básica sobre o acolhimento à pessoa com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Método trata-se de um estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, embasado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Participaram da pesquisa 39 profissionais de saúde da rede de atenção básica, no período de outubro e novembro de 2016, respondendo a um questionário. Os dados foram processados pelos softwares EVOC e IRAMUTEQ. Resultados o termo mais evocado foi "esclarecimento" e retrata que a prática do aconselhamento requer preparação de maneira adequada e qualificada ou aponta que o profissional é o detentor do saber. Conclusão as representações sociais de profissionais de saúde da atenção básica revelam-se como normativas e hegemônicas, objetivando-se no esclarecimento e na prevenção. Demarcam, possivelmente no cotidiano das ações de aconselhamento/acolhimento, o lugar que os profissionais de saúde ocupam.

Objetivo desvelar las representaciones sociales de los profesionales de la salud de la atención básica sobre la acogida a la persona con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Método se trata de un estudio exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo, basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Participaron en la investigación 39 profesionales de la salud de la red de atención básica, en el período de octubre y noviembre de 2016, respondiendo a un cuestionario. Los datos se procesaron con el softwares EVOC e IRAMUTEQ. Resultados el término más mencionado fue "esclarecimiento" y retrata que la práctica del asesoramiento requiere preparación de manera adecuada y calificada o señala que el profesional es el poseedor del saber. Conclusión las representaciones sociales de los profesionales de la salud de la atención básica se manifiestan como normativas y hegemónicas, objetivándose en el esclarecimiento y en la prevención. Demarcan, posiblemente en el cotidiano de las acciones del asesoramiento/acogida, el lugar que los profesionales de salud ocupan.

Objective to reveal the social representations of health care professionals regarding primary health care for the person with the human immunodeficiency virus. Method this is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, based on the Social Representations Theory. Thirty-nine health professionals from the primary care network participated in the study by responding to a questionnaire, in October and November of 2016. The data were processed by the EVOC and IRAMUTEQ software. Results the most evoked term was "clarification" and portrays that the practice of counseling requires adequate and qualified preparation or that the professional is the holder of knowledge. Conclusion the social representations of primary health care professionals are seen as normative and hegemonic, aimed at clarification and prevention. They highlight the possible places that health professionals occupy in the quotidian of the counseling/user-embracement actions.