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1.
Nephrol Dial Transplant ; 38(9): 2019-2030, 2023 08 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36646436

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cardiac and neurological involvements are the main clinical features of hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis. Few data are available about ATTRv amyloid nephropathy (ATTRvN). METHODS: We retrospectively included 30 patients with biopsy-proven ATTRvN [V30M (26/30) including two domino liver recipients, S77Y (2/30), V122I (1/30) and S50R (1/30) variants] from two French reference centers. We described the pathological features by comparing amyloid deposits distribution to patients with AL or AA amyloidosis, and sought to determine clinicopathological correlation with known disease-modifying factors such as TTR variant, gender and age at diagnosis. RESULTS: In comparison with AL and AA amyloidosis, ATTRv patients had similar glomerular, arteriolar and arterial amyloid deposits, but more cortical and medullary tubulointerstitial (33%, 44%, 77%, P = .03) involvement. While the presence of glomerular deposits is associated with the range of proteinuria, some patients with abundant glomerular ATTRv amyloidosis had no significant proteinuria. V30M patients had more glomerular (100% and 25%, odds ratio = 114, 95% confidence interval 3.85-3395.00, P = .001) deposits, and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate [50 (interquartile range 44-82) and 27 (interquartile range 6-31) mL/min/1.73 m², P = .004] than non-V30M patients. We did not find difference in amyloid deposition according to gender or age at diagnosis. CONCLUSION: ATTRvN affects all kidney compartments, but compared with AL/AA amyloidosis, ATTRvN seems to involve more frequently tubulointerstitial areas. V30M patients represents the dominant face of the disease with a higher risk of glomerular/arteriolar involvement. ATTRvN should thus be considered in patients, and potential relatives, with ATTRv amyloidosis and kidney dysfunction, regardless of proteinuria level.


Assuntos
Neuropatias Amiloides Familiares , Amiloidose de Cadeia Leve de Imunoglobulina , Nefropatias , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pré-Albumina/genética , Placa Amiloide/patologia , Neuropatias Amiloides Familiares/patologia , Rim , Nefropatias/patologia , Proteinúria/patologia
2.
J Med Genet ; 59(7): 697-705, 2022 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34321323

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan syndrome (ODLURO) is an autosomal-dominant neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic, mostly truncating variants in KMT2E. It was first described by O'Donnell-Luria et al in 2019 in a cohort of 38 patients. Clinical features encompass macrocephaly, mild intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) susceptibility and seizure susceptibility. METHODS: Affected individuals were ascertained at paediatric and genetic centres in various countries by diagnostic chromosome microarray or exome/genome sequencing. Patients were collected into a case cohort and were systematically phenotyped where possible. RESULTS: We report 18 additional patients from 17 families with genetically confirmed ODLURO. We identified 15 different heterozygous likely pathogenic or pathogenic sequence variants (14 novel) and two partial microdeletions of KMT2E. We confirm and refine the phenotypic spectrum of the KMT2E-related neurodevelopmental disorder, especially concerning cognitive development, with rather mild ID and macrocephaly with subtle facial features in most patients. We observe a high prevalence of ASD in our cohort (41%), while seizures are present in only two patients. We extend the phenotypic spectrum by sleep disturbances. CONCLUSION: Our study, bringing the total of known patients with ODLURO to more than 60 within 2 years of the first publication, suggests an unexpectedly high relative frequency of this syndrome worldwide. It seems likely that ODLURO, although just recently described, is among the more common single-gene aetiologies of neurodevelopmental delay and ASD. We present the second systematic case series of patients with ODLURO, further refining the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of this not-so-rare syndrome.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Deficiência Intelectual , Megalencefalia , Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/genética , Criança , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/epidemiologia , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Convulsões/epidemiologia , Convulsões/genética , Síndrome , Sequenciamento do Exoma
3.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging ; 47(10): 2396-2406, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32157431

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Increased cardiac uptake (CU) on early-phase 99mTc-HMDP scintigraphy has demonstrated diagnostic and prognostic values in amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) cardiac amyloidosis (CA). Extracardiac uptake (ECU) has been poorly studied. We assessed the clinical value of ECU, in combination with CU, on 99mTc-HMDP scintigraphy using a novel Methodological Amyloidosis Diagnostic Index (MADI). METHODS: We reviewed all patients referred for suspicion of CA, who underwent 99mTc-HMDP scintigraphy over an 8-year period. ECU, CU, and MADI were determined: MADI0 = neither ECU or CU, MADI1 = ECU alone, MADI2 = CU alone, and MADI3 = ECU + CU. RESULTS: Of 308 eligible patients, 247 had CA, including 75 ATTRv, 107 ATTRwt, and 65 light-chain (AL), while 61 had another cardiopathy (controls). ECU was observed in 29% of CA and 3% of controls. Most frequent sites of ECU were pleuropulmonary (16% of CA, 3% of controls) followed by the digestive tract and subcutaneous tissues. The liver and spleen ECU was only observed in AL-CA (n = 8). CU was only observed in CA patients (n = 187), of whom 182 had ATTR-CA vs. 5 AL-CA, P < 0.001. MADI0 was only observed in controls (97%) and in AL-CA (60%). MADI1 was mainly observed in AL-CA (positive predictive value, PPV = 91%) while MADI2/3 were more frequent in ATTR-CA (PPV = 97%), P < 0.0001. MADI > 0 vs. MADI0 in AL and MADI3 vs. MADI2 in ATTR were associated with a worse prognosis (P = 0.03 and P = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: ECU combined with CU demonstrates high diagnostic and prognostic values in CA patients. MADI seems an easy and reliable score in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Amiloidose , Cardiopatias , Amiloidose/diagnóstico por imagem , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Prognóstico , Cintilografia , Tomografia Computadorizada com Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único
4.
J Inherit Metab Dis ; 43(2): 348-356, 2020 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31444911

RESUMO

Little is known about the long-term progression of adult nephropathic cystinosis patients. Our objective was to study central nervous system complications in cystinosis patients in the era of early cysteamine treatment, using advanced neuroimaging techniques. Neurological examination and multimodal brain 3 Tesla MRI were performed in 21 adult cystinosis patients, including 18 infantile cystinosis patients, 20 controls matched for age and renal function, and 12 healthy controls. Differences in gray matter volume and rest cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeling sequence were investigated using whole-brain voxel-based approach. Median age was 33.8 years (18.7-65.8). Seven patients (38.9%) presented with at least one central nervous system clinical abnormality: two (11.1%) with seizures, three (16.7%) with memory defects, five (27.8%) with cognitive defect, and one (5.5%) with stroke-like episode. These patients had a worse compliance to treatment (compliance score 2 vs 1, P = .03) and received a lower median cysteamine dose (0.9 g/day vs 2.1 g/day, P = .02). Among patients with infantile cystinosis, 13 (72.2%) showed cortical atrophy, which was absent in controls, but it was not correlated with symptoms. Cystinosis patients showed a significant gray matter decrease in the middle frontal gyrus compared with healthy controls and a significant negative correlation between the cystine blood level and rest CBF was observed in the right superior frontal gyrus, a region associated with executive function. Compliance to cysteamine treatment is a major concern in these adult patients and could have an impact on the development of neurological and cognitive complications.


Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/etiologia , Cisteamina/administração & dosagem , Cistinose/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Fanconi/complicações , Substância Cinzenta/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico por imagem , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Cistina/sangue , Cistinose/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
5.
Am J Hum Genet ; 99(1): 208-16, 2016 Jul 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27374773

RESUMO

Mitochondrial complex I deficiency results in a plethora of often severe clinical phenotypes manifesting in early childhood. Here, we report on three complex-I-deficient adult subjects with relatively mild clinical symptoms, including isolated, progressive exercise-induced myalgia and exercise intolerance but with normal later development. Exome sequencing and targeted exome sequencing revealed compound-heterozygous mutations in TMEM126B, encoding a complex I assembly factor. Further biochemical analysis of subject fibroblasts revealed a severe complex I deficiency caused by defective assembly. Lentiviral complementation with the wild-type cDNA restored the complex I deficiency, demonstrating the pathogenic nature of these mutations. Further complexome analysis of one subject indicated that the complex I assembly defect occurred during assembly of its membrane module. Our results show that TMEM126B defects can lead to complex I deficiencies and, interestingly, that symptoms can occur only after exercise.


Assuntos
Complexo I de Transporte de Elétrons/deficiência , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Doenças Mitocondriais/genética , Debilidade Muscular/genética , Mutação , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Complexo I de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Exercício Físico , Exoma/genética , Teste de Complementação Genética , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Adulto Jovem
6.
Am J Hum Genet ; 98(5): 971-980, 2016 May 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27108797

RESUMO

Gillespie syndrome (GS) is a rare variant form of aniridia characterized by non-progressive cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and iris hypoplasia. Unlike the more common dominant and sporadic forms of aniridia, there has been no significant association with PAX6 mutations in individuals with GS and the mode of inheritance of the disease had long been regarded as uncertain. Using a combination of trio-based whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing in five simplex GS-affected families, we found homozygous or compound heterozygous truncating mutations (c.4672C>T [p.Gln1558(∗)], c.2182C>T [p.Arg728(∗)], c.6366+3A>T [p.Gly2102Valfs5(∗)], and c.6664+5G>T [p.Ala2221Valfs23(∗)]) and de novo heterozygous mutations (c.7687_7689del [p.Lys2563del] and c.7659T>G [p.Phe2553Leu]) in the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 gene (ITPR1). ITPR1 encodes one of the three members of the IP3-receptors family that form Ca(2+) release channels localized predominantly in membranes of endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) stores. The truncation mutants, which encompass the IP3-binding domain and varying lengths of the modulatory domain, did not form functional channels when produced in a heterologous cell system. Furthermore, ITPR1 p.Lys2563del mutant did not form IP3-induced Ca(2+) channels but exerted a negative effect when co-produced with wild-type ITPR1 channel activity. In total, these results demonstrate biallelic and monoallelic ITPR1 mutations as the underlying genetic defects for Gillespie syndrome, further extending the spectrum of ITPR1-related diseases.


Assuntos
Aniridia/etiologia , Ataxia Cerebelar/etiologia , Genes Dominantes/genética , Genes Recessivos/genética , Receptores de Inositol 1,4,5-Trifosfato/genética , Deficiência Intelectual/etiologia , Mutação/genética , Adolescente , Aniridia/patologia , Ataxia Cerebelar/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Deficiência Intelectual/patologia , Masculino , Linhagem
7.
J Peripher Nerv Syst ; 24(4): 354-358, 2019 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31596031

RESUMO

Hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) type II is a rare, autosomal recessive, and early onset sensory neuropathy, characterized by severe and progressive sensation impairment, leading to ulcero-mutilating complications. FAM134B gene, also known as RETREG1 gene, mutations have been reported to be associated to HSAN-IIB. We report four patients from two unrelated families who developed during childhood a sensory axonal neuropathy with variable severity and pronounced nociception impairment. Complications such as recurrent ulcerations, osteomyelitis, and osteonecrosis leading to distal amputation were noticed. Dysautonomia was mild or even absent in our group of patients. Additionally, either clinical or neurophysiological motor impairment was not uncommon. Presence of upper motor neuron signs was also a distinctive feature in two related patients. After extensive workup, two novel homozygous mutations in the FAM134B gene were identified. This report expands the clinical and genetic spectrum of HSAN type II and emphasizes the phenotype variability even within the same family.


Assuntos
Neuropatias Hereditárias Sensoriais e Autônomas/genética , Neuropatias Hereditárias Sensoriais e Autônomas/fisiopatologia , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Adulto , Consanguinidade , Feminino , Humanos , Mutação , Linhagem , Irmãos , Adulto Jovem
8.
J Med Genet ; 55(6): 378-383, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29358270

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Because the mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) is ubiquitous, its deficiency can theoretically give rise to any symptom in any organ or tissue at any age with any mode of inheritance, owing to the twofold genetic origin of respiratory enzyme machinery, that is, nuclear and mitochondrial. Not all respiratory enzyme deficiencies are primary and secondary or artefactual deficiency is frequently observed, leading to a number of misleading conclusions and inappropriate investigations in clinical practice. This study is aimed at investigating the potential role of brain MRI in distinguishing primary RC deficiency from phenocopies and other aetiologies. METHODS: Starting from a large series of 189 patients (median age: 3.5 years (8 days-56 years), 58% males) showing signs of RC enzyme deficiency, for whom both brain MRIs and disease-causing mutations were available, we retrospectively studied the positive predictive value (PPV) and the positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of brain MRI imaging and its ability to discriminate between two groups: primary deficiency of the mitochondrial RC machinery and phenocopies. RESULTS: Detection of (1) brainstem hyperintensity with basal ganglia involvement (P≤0.001) and (2) lactate peak with either brainstem or basal ganglia hyperintensity was highly suggestive of primary RC deficiency (P≤0.01). Fourteen items had a PPV>95% and LR+ was greater than 9 for seven signs. Biallelic SLC19A3 mutations represented the main differential diagnosis. Non-significant differences between the two groups were found for cortical/subcortical atrophy, leucoencephalopathy and involvement of caudate nuclei, spinothalamic tract and corpus callosum. CONCLUSION: Based on these results and owing to invasiveness of skeletal muscle biopsies and cost of high-throughput DNA sequencing, we suggest giving consideration to brain MRI imaging as a diagnostic marker and an informative investigation to be performed in patients showing signs of RC enzyme deficiency.


Assuntos
Atrofia/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Doenças Mitocondriais/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Atrofia/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia/fisiopatologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Mitocondriais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Mitocondriais/patologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Adulto Jovem
10.
Brain ; 140(10): 2586-2596, 2017 10 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28969390

RESUMO

Dominant optic atrophy is a blinding disease due to the degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells, the axons of which form the optic nerves. In most cases, the disease is caused by mutations in OPA1, a gene encoding a mitochondrial large GTPase involved in cristae structure and mitochondrial network fusion. Using exome sequencing, we identified dominant mutations in DNM1L on chromosome 12p11.21 in three large families with isolated optic atrophy, including the two families that defined the OPA5 locus on chromosome 19q12.1-13.1, the existence of which is denied by the present study. Analyses of patient fibroblasts revealed physiological abundance and homo-polymerization of DNM1L, forming aggregates in the cytoplasm and on highly tubulated mitochondrial network, whereas neither structural difference of the peroxisome network, nor alteration of the respiratory machinery was noticed. Fluorescence microscopy of wild-type mouse retina disclosed a strong DNM1L expression in the ganglion cell layer and axons, and comparison between 3-month-old wild-type and Dnm1l+/- mice revealed increased mitochondrial length in retinal ganglion cell soma and axon, but no degeneration. Thus, our results disclose that in addition to OPA1, OPA3, MFN2, AFG3L2 and SPG7, dominant mutations in DNM1L jeopardize the integrity of the optic nerve, suggesting that alterations of the opposing forces governing mitochondrial fusion and fission, similarly affect retinal ganglion cell survival.


Assuntos
GTP Fosfo-Hidrolases/genética , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/genética , Dinâmica Mitocondrial/genética , Proteínas Mitocondriais/genética , Mutação/genética , Atrofia Óptica/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Criança , Dinaminas , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Fibroblastos/patologia , Fibroblastos/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Consumo de Oxigênio/genética , Peroxissomos/patologia , Retina/patologia , Retina/ultraestrutura
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