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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 121(6): e2305944121, 2024 Feb 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38252845

RESUMO

Protected areas are of paramount relevance to conserving wildlife and ecosystem contributions to people. Yet, their conservation success is increasingly threatened by human activities including habitat loss, climate change, pollution, and species overexploitation. Thus, understanding the underlying and proximate drivers of anthropogenic threats is urgently needed to improve protected areas' effectiveness, especially in the biodiversity-rich tropics. We addressed this issue by analyzing expert-provided data on long-term biodiversity change (last three decades) over 14 biosphere reserves from the Mesoamerican Biodiversity Hotspot. Using multivariate analyses and structural equation modeling, we tested the influence of major socioeconomic drivers (demographic, economic, and political factors), spatial indicators of human activities (agriculture expansion and road extension), and forest landscape modifications (forest loss and isolation) as drivers of biodiversity change. We uncovered a significant proliferation of disturbance-tolerant guilds and the loss or decline of disturbance-sensitive guilds within reserves causing a "winner and loser" species replacement over time. Guild change was directly related to forest spatial changes promoted by the expansion of agriculture and roads within reserves. High human population density and low nonfarming occupation were identified as the main underlying drivers of biodiversity change. Our findings suggest that to mitigate anthropogenic threats to biodiversity within biosphere reserves, fostering human population well-being via sustainable, nonfarming livelihood opportunities around reserves is imperative.


Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Ecossistema , Humanos , Animais , Agricultura , Animais Selvagens , Mudança Climática
2.
Zootaxa ; 4695(2): zootaxa.4695.2.2, 2019 Nov 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31719353

RESUMO

Neoscelis hexakrotes new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Goliathini) is described from Guerrero, Mexico. Keys to identify male and female Neoscelis Schoch species and new distribution records for Neoscelis dohrni (Westwood) are provided.


Assuntos
Besouros , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , México
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