RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Primary care (PC) training programs must incorporate oral health (OH) into their curricula to reduce health disparities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare OH education integration across multiple PC disciplines. METHODS: In 2017, the authors surveyed deans and program directors (PDs) across 13 disciplines (2,245 PC programs) and used the Input Process Output framework to evaluate training factors across these disciplines. RESULTS: Nine disciplines represented by 767 respondents were chosen for analysis (disciplines with ³40% response rate were included). Most of the physician assistant (PA) and pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) programs reported departmental support for OH and covered curriculum content topics on oral health risk assessment and evaluation. Similarly, over-half (>60%) PA and PNP PDs agreed that learners could answer OH-related questions on their board exams. CONCLUSION: Best practices learned from PNP and PA programs can be shared across disciplines to help bolster OH integration.
RESUMO
Neonatologists, neonatal nurses, and others who care for critically ill newborns hope that the care they provide will improve the health and the neurodevelopmental outcome of these neonates. In this progressive era of neonatal medicine, we must pause to look backward even as we look forward, taking full advantage of the opportunity to reflect on our short history and to review several important events in neonatal medicine that have contributed in a meaningful way to the evolution of evidence-based neonatal care. Six interventions highlight why randomized controlled trials are necessary to understand the risks and benefits of our interventions with premature and critically ill infants. We hope this history of the evolving practice of evidence-based neonatal care will enable the reader to have a greater appreciation for the consideration of each and every intervention that we take on behalf of the infants in our care.