[Standardization of the terminology of the academic medical centers and biomedical research centers, in the English language, for journal article sending]. / Padronização da terminologia dos centros médicos universitários e de pesquisa biomédica, no idioma inglês, para envio de artigo de revista.

PURPOSE: To suggest a standardization, in the English language, the formatting of the citation of the research centers. METHODS: From three more recent publications of the first 20 journals available in Brazilian Portal of Scientific Information - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), with bigger factor of impact during the year of 2004, according of information in ISI Web of Knowledge Journal Citation Reports database in biennium 2004-2005, had extracted the formats of citations of the research centers. An analogy to the institutional hierarchie step of the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP) was carried out, and the formats most frequent, in the English language, had been adopted as standard to be suggested to cite the research centers for sending articles. RESULTS: In relation to the citation "Departamento", was standardized "Department of ..." (being "..." the name in English of the Department), to the citation "Programa de Pós-Graduação" "... Program", "Disciplina" "Division of ...", "Orgãos, Grupos e Associações" "... Group ", "Setor" "Section of...", "Centro" "Center for ...", "Unidade" "... Unit ", "Instituto" "Institute of ...", "Laboratório" "Laboratory of ..." and "Grupo" "Group of ...".

Monopolar electrosurgery on the extrahepatic bile ducts during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an experimental controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of thermal injury in the extrahepatic bile ducts when monopolar electrosurgery is used to perform dieresis of the cystic duct and cystic vessels in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Female pigs (n=40) of the Large White breed were separated into 2 groups of 20 animals. In the experimental groups, dieresis of the cystic duct and cystic vessels was performed with monopolar electrosurgery using a hook-like dissector using a power setting of 20 W, whereas in the control group this procedure was performed with a pair of Metzenbaum scissors disconnected from any kind of thermal energy source. Occurrence of distal thermal injury was evaluated on 2 occasions, on the 3rd and 28th days postoperatively. It consisted of exploratory laparotomy, cholangiography and both macroscopic and microscopic examination of the surgical specimen, which included cystic duct stump, hepatic duct and choledochus. RESULTS: The presence of distal thermal injury, classified as second degree, 1.2 mm in the portion near the clipping area, was observed in only one of the cystic duct stumps after microscopic examination, without statistical significance. No thermal injury was observed in the extrahepatic bile ducts. CONCLUSIONS: Monopolar electrosurgery produced negligible thermal injury in the extrahepatic bile ducts after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Successful fetal surgery for the repair of a 'myelomeningocele-like' defect created in the fetal rabbit.

OBJECTIVE: To study the correction of a 'myelomeningocele-like' defect in fetal rabbits. METHODS: Twelve pregnant rabbits had a spinal defect surgically created in 40 of their fetuses at 23 days of gestation. Immediate repair was performed in 30 fetuses (group I), and 10 remained uncorrected (group II). After 30 days, the fetuses were harvested and the anatomopathological aspects where compared using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Three different techniques to apply a cellulose graft were used for correction in 8 (technique A), 7 (technique B), and 15 animals (technique C), but only one (technique C) was successful. The survival rate at 30 days was 66.7% (10/15) in group I and 80% (8/10) in group II. A 'myelomeningocele-like' defect was present in all fetuses in group II, while in group I the defect was successfully repaired in 80% of the surviving fetuses (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The surgically created spinal defect was successfully repaired, and also the fetal rabbit could be established as a model for the study of intrauterine correction of a myelomeningocele-like defect.

A different technique to create a 'myelomeningocele-like' defect in the fetal rabbit.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the fetal survival rate using a modified technique to surgically create a 'myelomeningocele-like' defect in a rabbit model. METHODS: Six white New Zealand rabbits had a spinal defect created in their fetuses at 23 days of gestation. At 30 days of gestation, the fetuses were harvested for anatomo-pathologic evaluation. RESULTS: The defect was created in 19 fetuses and an attempt to correct it was made in 15 cases (group I), and 4 fetuses where left without correction (group II). At 30 days, a 'myelomeningocele-like' defect was present in all surviving fetuses. The total survival rate was 73.68% (14/19); 11 fetus survived in group I and 3 in group II. CONCLUSION: The technical modifications, including fetal positioning and exposure of its back prior to the incision of the lamina, associated with a different technique for myometrium closure, offer an alternative and probably safer method to surgically create a spinal defect in the fetal rabbit.