Genomic Changes Associated with the Loss of Nocardia brasiliensis Virulence in Mice after 200 In Vitro Passages.

Nocardia species, particularly Nocardia brasiliensis, are etiologic agents of mycetoma, a chronic subcutaneous infection. Until now, little has been known about the pathogenic mechanisms involved in nocardial infection. Traditionally, subculture in rich media has been a simple way to induce attenuation. In this work, we report the changes in virulence toward mice and in genomic constitution of N. brasiliensis produced after 200 continuous subcultures in brain heart infusion (BHI) medium (P-200 strain). The ability of the N. brasiliensis P-200 strain to produce experimental infection was tested using BALB/c mice. P-200 was also used to immunize mice to determine whether it could induce resistance against a challenge with a nonsubcultured isolate (P-0). Comparative proteomic analysis between N. brasiliensis P-0 and P-200 was performed by two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis, and the genome sequence was obtained through Roche 454 sequence analysis. Virulence in BALB/c mice was completely lost, and BALB/c mice immunized with P-200 bacterial cells were resistant to mycetoma production by the nonsubcultured strain. Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed that P-200 lost a total of 262,913 bp distributed in 19 deleted regions, involving a total of 213 open reading frames (ORFs). The deleted genes included those encoding bacterial virulence factors, e.g., catalase, nitrate reductase enzymes, and a group of mammalian cell entry (MCE) family proteins, which may explain the loss of virulence of the isolate. Thus, completely attenuated N. brasiliensis was obtained after 200 passages in BHI medium, and putative Nocardia virulence genes were identified for the first time.

Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans in children: the South American contribution.

UNLABELLED: Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is an infrequent chronic lung that causes irreversible obstruction and, or, obliteration of the smaller airways. This review particularly focuses on more than 30 studies from South America. CONCLUSION: The initial PIBO event occurs in the early years of life and is strongly associated with adenovirus infection and the need for mechanical ventilator support. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary strategy. Multicentre studies are needed to determine progression, optimal management and long-term follow-up.

The Use of a Brief Synchronization Treatment after Weaning, Combined with Superovulation, Has Moderate Effects on the Gene Expression of Surviving Pig Blastocysts.

The combination of estrus synchronization and superovulation (SS) treatments causes alterations in ovarian and endometrial gene expression patterns, resulting in abnormal follicle and oocyte growth, fertilization, and embryo development. However, the impact of combined SS treatments on the transcriptome of the surviving embryos remains unidentified. In this study, we examined gene expression changes in day 6 blastocysts that survived a brief regimen of synchronization treatment combined with superovulation. The sows were included in one of three groups: SS7 group (n = 6), sows were administered Altrenogest (ALT) 7 days from the day of weaning and superovulated with eCG 24 h after the end of ALT treatment and hCG at the onset of estrus; SO group (n = 6), ALT nontreated sows were superovulated with eCG 24 h postweaning and hCG at the onset of estrus; control group (n = 6), weaned sows displaying natural estrus. Six days after insemination, the sows underwent a surgical intervention for embryo collection. Transcriptome analysis was performed on blastocyst-stage embryos with good morphology. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups were detected using one-way ANOVA with an un-adjusted p-value < 0.05 and a fold change 1.5. The effect of SO treatment on the number of altered pathways and DEGs within each pathway was minimal. Only four pathways were disrupted comprising only a total of four altered transcripts, which were not related to reproductive functions or embryonic development. On the other hand, the surviving blastocysts subjected to SS7 treatments exhibited moderate gene expression changes in terms of DEGs and fold changes, with seven pathways disrupted containing a total of 10 transcripts affected. In this case, the up-regulation of certain pathways, such as the metabolic pathway, with two up-regulated genes associated with reproductive functions, namely RDH10 and SPTLC2, may suggest suboptimal embryo quality, while the down-regulation of others, such as the glutathione metabolism pathway, with down-regulated genes related to cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species, namely GSTK1 and GSTO1, could depress the embryos' response to oxidative stress, thereby impairing subsequent embryo development. The gene expression changes observed in the present study in SS7 embryos, along with previous reports indicating SS7 can negatively affect fertilization, embryo production, and reproductive tract gene expression, make its use in embryo transfer programs unrecommendable.

Complete genome sequence of Nocardia brasiliensis HUJEG-1.

In Mexico, actinomycetoma is mainly caused by Nocardia brasiliensis, which is a soil inhabitant actinobacterium. Here, we report for the first time the draft genome of a strain isolated from a human case that has largely been found in in vitro and experimental models of actinomycetoma, N. brasiliensis HUJEG-1.

Manifestations and evolution of Wilson disease in pediatric patients carrying ATP7B mutation L708P.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to characterize a group of 11 pediatric patients, ages 3 to 13 years, affected by Wilson disease (WD) in the island of Gran Canaria, Spain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Genetic, biochemical, and pathological features, together with their response to treatment and clinical evolution, have been analyzed for this group of patients. RESULTS: Genetically, the group was rather homogeneous, with an extremely high prevalence of the L708P mutation (4 homozygotes and 5 heterozygotes). Despite being initially screened because of asymptomatic hypertransaminemia, all of the patients presented with some degree of liver damage that was never accompanied by any neurological manifestation. Hepatic damage was most severe in a compound heterozygote with a novel mutation, G1266W, affecting a motif in the ATP7B polypeptide that is greatly conserved in similar proteins among metazoans. Ceruloplasmin and copper serum levels, together with the determination of hepatic copper content, were found to be of great diagnostic value, whereas urine copper measurements were found to be much less conclusive. All of the patients responded well to treatment with D-penicillamine with no documented adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS: The patients in Gran Canaria constitute, overall, one of the largest groups of patients with WD with a high incidence of a single mutation, allowing us to define the early clinical symptoms and the evolution of the disease in patients carrying the ATP7B L708P mutant allele, and the study of WD in a genetically homogeneous background.

ORION software tool for the geometrical calibration of all-sky cameras.

This paper presents the software application ORION (All-sky camera geOmetry calibRation from star positIONs). This software has been developed with the aim of providing geometrical calibration to all-sky cameras, i.e. assess which sky coordinates (zenith and azimuth angles) correspond to each camera pixel. It is useful to locate bodies over the celestial vault, like stars and planets, in the camera images. The user needs to feed ORION with a set of cloud-free sky images captured at night-time for obtaining the calibration matrices. ORION searches the position of various stars in the sky images. This search can be automatic or manual. The sky coordinates of the stars and the corresponding pixel positions in the camera images are used together to determine the calibration matrices. The calibration is based on three parameters: the pixel position of the sky zenith in the image; the shift angle of the azimuth viewed by the camera with respect to the real North; and the relationship between the sky zenith angle and the pixel radial distance regards to the sky zenith in the image. In addition, ORION includes other features to facilitate its use, such as the check of the accuracy of the calibration. An example of ORION application is shown, obtaining the calibration matrices for a set of images and studying the accuracy of the calibration to predict a star position. Accuracy is about 9.0 arcmin for the analyzed example using a camera with average resolution of 5.4 arcmin/pixel (about 1.7 pixels).

Combined synchronization and superovulation treatments negatively impact embryo viability possibly by the downregulation of WNT/ß-catenin and Notch signaling genes in the porcine endometrium.

The combination of estrus synchronization and superovulation treatments introduces molecular modifications whose effects are yet to be disclosed. Here, reproductive parameters and gene expression changes in ovaries and endometrium were explored on day 6 after artificial insemination (AI), when synthetic progestin altrenogest (ALT) was combined with gonadotropins. Sows were administered ALT for 7 d beginning on the day of weaning and superovulated with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) 24 h later and human chorionic gonadotropins (hCG) at the onset of estrus (SS-7 group; n = 6). The controls were either superovulated sows with eCG 24 h postweaning and hCG at the onset of estrus (SC group; n = 6) or sows with postweaning spontaneous estrus (NC group; n = 6). Ovary examination and embryo and tissue collection were performed in all sows via laparotomy on day 6 post-AI. RNA-Seq was conducted to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups. Statistical analysis of the reproductive parameters was conducted with ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. DEGs were analyzed with an ANOVA (fold changes ≥2 or ≤2, P value <0.05). Hormonal treatments almost doubled (P < 0.03) the number of corpora lutea (39.8 ± 10.2 and 38.3 ± 11.1 in SS-7 and SC sows, respectively) compared with that in the NC group (23.1 ± 3.8). In contrast, embryo viability significantly decreased (P < 0.003) in response to SS-7 treatment (75.1% ± 15.2%) compared to SC and NC groups (93.8 ± 7.6% and 91.8 ± 6.9%, respectively). RNA-Seq analyses revealed 675 and 1,583 DEGs in the SS-7 group compared to both SC and NC groups in endometrial and ovarian samples, respectively. Interestingly, many genes with key roles in the Wnt/ß-catenin and Notch signaling pathways were differentially expressed in SS-7 sows relative to SC and NC groups (e.g., Ctnnb1, Myc, Gli3, Scyl2, Ccny, Daam1, Ppm1n, Rbpj, and Usp8). A key finding in this study was the downregulation of ß-catenin (Ctnnb1) gene expression in the SS-7 endometrium, suggesting that this treatment influences embryo-uterine dialogue by triggering a cascade of events leading to embryo maldevelopment. These data explain the proliferative defects in SS-7 embryos and suggest a novel mechanism of a porcine embryo-maternal crosstalk.

Methods for porcine superovulation (increasing the number of ovulated oocytes per cycle) and estrus synchronization (grouping estrus sows on the same day) are available for assisted reproductive technologies, using hormonal treatments. The main goal of the present study was to understand how hormones used for these purposes influence gene expression patterns in the female reproductive tract (ovaries and endometrium). We observed that hormonal treatments (synchronization combined with superovulation) have the potential to alter ovarian and endometrial gene expression patterns, triggering improper follicle development and oocyte growth, and leading to abnormal embryonic development before implantation. Genes involved in two key metabolic pathways for embryo development (Wnt/ß-catenin and Notch signaling pathways) were dysregulated in reproductive tissues.

[Regenerative nodular hyperplasia in HIV]. / Hiperplasia nodular regenerativa en HIV.

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is a rare condition. We describe here the case of a patient with HIV who presented with a clinical syndrome of portal hypertension. After multiple evaluations the diagnosis was recognized by the histology. The findings were attributed to the prolonged use of didanosine.

A Short-Term Altrenogest Treatment Post-weaning Followed by Superovulation Reduces Pregnancy Rates and Embryo Production Efficiency in Multiparous Sows.

Although embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnology ready for the swine industry, there are factors to be solved, the availability of embryo donors as one. Multiparous sows as donors ought to be considered since weaning is a natural and efficient method for estrus synchronization. In addition, superovulation treatments at weaning are effective in increasing the efficiency of donor embryo production. However, ET programs typically require more donors than those available from a single weaning, imposing grouping several weanings to establish a batch for ET. Since short-term administration of Altrenogest is effective in delaying estrus after weaning without effects on ovulation and embryo development, we investigated how Altrenogest combined with superovulation would affect reproductive parameters and embryo quality and quantity of weaned multiparous donor sows. The sows were administered Altrenogest from the day of weaning for 14 (SS-14 group; N = 26), 7 (SS-7 group; N = 31) and 4 (SS-4 group; N = 32) days. The sows were superovulated with eCG 24 h after the last administration of Altrenogest and with hCG at the onset of estrus. Sows not treated with Altrenogest that were superovulated with eCG 24 h post-weaning and hCG at the onset of estrus (SC group; N = 37) and sows with natural estrus after weaning (C group; N = 34) were used as control groups. The percentage of sows showing estrus within 10 days was not affected by the treatment, but the interval from Altrenogest withdrawal to estrus was longer (P < 0.05) in the SS groups than the interval from weaning to estrus in the controls. SS treatments increased (P < 0.05) the percentage of sows with ovarian cysts and the development of polycystic ovaries. The pregnancy and the fertilization rates, and the overall embryo production efficiency were also negatively affected by the SS treatments (P < 0.05). Interestingly, almost 70% of the structures classified as unfertilized oocytes or degenerated embryos in sows from the SS groups were immature oocytes. In conclusion, although superovulation of weaned sows was highly efficient, short-term administration of Altrenogest in combination with superovulation had negative effects on most of the reproductive parameters assessed, particularly affecting the overall efficiency of pregnancy and embryo production.

[Dysphagia as the sole manifestation of myasthenia gravis]. / Disfagia como única manifestación de miastenia gravis.

Dysphagia as the sole manifestation of myasthenia gravis is very rare. Here we describe a case of an adult patient who developed an insidious onset of oropharyngeal dysphagia as the first and sole manifestation of myasthenia gravis. After multiple evaluations the underlying disease was recognized by electromyographics studies. English and Spanish literature on the matter was reviewed.

Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures.

BACKGROUND: Several event related potential (ERP) studies have investigated the time course of different aspects of evaluative processing in social bias research. Various reports suggest that the late positive potential (LPP) is modulated by basic evaluative processes, and some reports suggest that in-/outgroup relative position affects ERP responses. In order to study possible LPP blending between facial race processing and semantic valence (positive or negative words), we recorded ERPs while indigenous and non-indigenous participants who were matched by age and gender performed an implicit association test (IAT). The task involved categorizing faces (ingroup and outgroup) and words (positive and negative). Since our paradigm implies an evaluative task with positive and negative valence association, a frontal distribution of LPPs similar to that found in previous reports was expected. At the same time, we predicted that LPP valence lateralization would be modulated not only by positive/negative associations but also by particular combinations of valence, face stimuli and participant relative position. RESULTS: Results showed that, during an IAT, indigenous participants with greater behavioral ingroup bias displayed a frontal LPP that was modulated in terms of complex contextual associations involving ethnic group and valence. The LPP was lateralized to the right for negative valence stimuli and to the left for positive valence stimuli. This valence lateralization was influenced by the combination of valence and membership type relevant to compatibility with prejudice toward a minority. Behavioral data from the IAT and an explicit attitudes questionnaire were used to clarify this finding and showed that ingroup bias plays an important role. Both ingroup favoritism and indigenous/non-indigenous differences were consistently present in the data. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that frontal LPP is elicited by contextual blending of evaluative judgments of in-/outgroup information and positive vs. negative valence association and confirm recent research relating in-/outgroup ERP modulation and frontal LPP. LPP modulation may cohere with implicit measures of attitudes. The convergence of measures that were observed supports the idea that racial and valence evaluations are strongly influenced by context. This result adds to a growing set of evidence concerning contextual sensitivity of different measures of prejudice.

Lichen myxedematosus: a rare group of cutaneous mucinosis.

Cutaneous mucinoses are a heterogeneous group of dermatoses in which excess deposition of mucin in the dermis gives the skin a waxy appearance, with papules and plaques that can vary from self-healing mucinosis to even disrupting the normal shape of a patient's face, conferring a leonine facies, or be part of life threatening diseases like scleromyxedema. This review will describe the most recent classification on lichen myxedematosus in the generalized (scleromyxedema) and the localized forms, as well as the different organ systems involved in scleromyxedema, diagnostic workup, current management, and prognosis.

Red Scrotum Syndrome Treatment with Pregabalin: A Case Series.

Red scrotum syndrome (RSS) (also known as male genital dysesthesia) is a rarely recognized entity characterized by scrotal erythema accompanied by a burning sensation, pain, hyperesthesia/dysesthesia, increased temperature and pruritus. Although its physiopathology is unknown, it has increasingly been associated with chronic topical steroid use in the male genital area. Treatment is challenging and no standardized treatment is currently available. Because current treatment relies on case reports and small case series, the need for more information about drug efficacy in RSS is warranted. The aim of this study is to describe the therapeutic response to pregabalin in patients from an outpatient dermatologic clinic in a tertiary-care hospital diagnosed with RSS. Five patients with a confirmed diagnosis of RSS were included. Ages ranged from 28 to 63 years. All patients had chronic steroid use in the genital area, mostly in the form of combined formulations of corticosteroids, antifungals, and antibiotics. Four patients were prescribed pregabalin monotherapy, 150 mg once daily at night. One patient was prescribed pregabalin and doxycycline. Two patients had complete remission after one month of therapy, one at two months and two at three months. None experienced recurrence at an average of 9.4 months' follow-up. One patient experienced morning drowsiness that did not require suspending treatment. Pregabalin is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for RSS.

Giant Lumbar Polypoid Tumor with Bullae on its Surface.

Dear Editor, Acrochordons are common benign neoplasms found in everyday practice. We present a rare case of a giant and single acrochordon on the lumbar region with signs of ischemia. The correlation of clinical, dermatoscopic, and histopathological analyses may help the clinician differentiate this entity from other benign and malignant dermatoses. A 33-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of a lumbar mass that had been growing for two years. The lesion was asymptomatic except for recent discomfort when lying in the supine decubitus position. On examination there was a single, erythematous, non-tender pedunculated lesion, 5.1 cm × 4 cm × 3.2 cm in size, with flaccid bullae on its surface and firm consistency (Figure 1, a-b). Dermoscopy showed regularly arranged dotted vessels in a violaceous background and bullae filled with serous fluid (Figure 1, c-d). His personal and family medical history were unremarkable. Shave excision was performed and the sample was sent for histopathologic analysis. Histopathology revealed a normal epidermis surrounding a core of loose collagen fibers. Papillary dermis showed a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate, congested capillaries, and extravasated erythrocytes. Scattered clusters of adipocytes were found in the deep dermis (Figure 2). The diagnosis of a giant ischemic acrochordon was established. Acrochordons, also commonly known as skin tags, are benign pedunculated neoplasms frequently found on the neck, axillae, or groin. They represent fibroepithelial polyps that originate from ectoderm and mesoderm tissue (1). They can be pigmented or skin colored and usually range between 2 to 5 mm in size. Skin tags can affect nearly 46% of the general population (2). Giant and solitary acrochordons are an uncommon clinical variant (2). Differential diagnosis of this pathology may be challenging in the particular clinical context of this patient. Benign neoplasms such as dermatofibroma, neurofibroma, and epidermal inclusion cysts can be clinically similar to giant skin tags (1,2). Histopathological analyses of acrochordons usually show papillomatosis, irregular acanthosis, loose collagen fibers, and dilated capillaries (2). A fibrolipomatous variant of acrochordon may reveal adipose tissue lobules between septa of collagen on pathological examination (1). Local ischemia due to twisting of the stalk may induce the formation of intradermal or subepidermal blisters in these tumors. Histopathologic characteristics found in ischemic acrochordons are neutrophil infiltration, congested capillaries, and extravasated erythrocytes (3). Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus (FeP) is a rare variant of basal cell carcinoma that may clinically mimic benign polypoid tumors and has a certain predilection for the lumbosacral area. Dermoscopic characteristics of fibroepithelioma of Pinkus that may aid the clinician in this diagnosis are fine arborizing vessels, either alone or associated with dotted vessels, and white streaks (4). Cosmetically adequate treatment of a giant acrochordon can be performed by shave excision and electrodesiccation of its pedicle. Choudhary et al. reported good results with this technique on a giant acrochordon on the thigh (5).

Analysis of Creative and Identity Processes among Mapuche Women Weavers in the Araucanía Region.

The Mapuche practice of weaving has occupied a transcendental role for this community in its system of symbolic representation. These textiles involve different elements of cultural identity for the community, for the wearers of the garments and, most of all, for their creators. This article analyzes the creation context in which the Mapuche textile tradition brings into tension different aspects of cultural identity and innovation within the construction of cultural memory. It examines two principal scenarios that arose from ethnographic work: 1) selection of materials; 2) preparation and fabrication. The findings show that, in both scenarios, the new rules emerging from religious and commercial concerns in the present-day context of these weavers are linked with the diverse positions taken by each woman. We discuss how these new rules are associated with different processes of cultural identity in this group of Mapuche women.

Mean reproductive traits of fungal assemblages are correlated with resource availability.

Organisms have evolved a fascinating variety of strategies and organs for successful reproduction. Fruit bodies are the reproductive organ of fungi and vary considerably in size and shape among species. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the differences in fruit body size among species is still limited. Fruit bodies of saprotrophic fungi are smaller than those of mutualistic ectomycorrhizal fungi. If differences in fruit body size are determined by carbon acquisition, then mean reproductive traits of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi assemblages should vary differently along gradients of resource availability as carbon acquisition seems more unpredictable and costly for saprotrophs than for ectomycorrhizal fungi. Here, we used 48 local inventories of fungal fruit bodies (plot size: 0.02 ha each) sampled along a gradient of resource availability (growing stock) across 3 years in the Bavarian Forest National Park in Germany to investigate regional and local factors that might influence the distribution of species with different reproductive traits, particularly fruit body size. As predicted, mean fruit body size of local assemblages of saprotrophic fungi was smaller than expected from the distribution of traits of the regional species pool across central and northern Europe, whereas that of ectomycorrhizal fungi did not differ from random expectation. Furthermore and also as expected, mean fruit body size of assemblages of saprotrophic fungi was significantly smaller than for assemblages of ectomycorrhizal species. However, mean fruit body sizes of not only saprotrophic species but also ectomycorrhizal species increased with resource availability, and the mean number of fruit bodies of both assemblages decreased. Our results indicate that the differences in carbon acquisition between saprotrophs and ectomycorrhizal species lead to differences in basic reproductive strategies, with implications for the breadth of their distribution. However, the differences in resource acquisition cannot explain detailed species distribution patterns at a finer, local scale based on their reproductive traits.

Genome annotation of a Saccharomyces sp. lager brewer's yeast.

The genome of lager brewer's yeast is a hybrid, with Saccharomyces eubayanus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as sub-genomes. Due to their specific use in the beer industry, relatively little information is available. The genome of brewing yeast was sequenced and annotated in this study. We obtained a genome size of 22.7 Mbp that consisted of 133 scaffolds, with 65 scaffolds larger than 10 kbp. With respect to the annotation, 9939 genes were obtained, and when they were submitted to a local alignment, we found that 53.93% of these genes corresponded to S. cerevisiae, while another 42.86% originated from S. eubayanus. Our results confirm that our strain is a hybrid of at least two different genomes.

Luta e resistência: dimensões para a promoção de saúde Mbya Guarani / Struggle and resistance: dimensions for health promotion Mbya Guarani / Lutte et résistance: les dimensions de la promotion de la santé Mbya Guarani / Lucha y resistencia: dimensiones para la promoción de la salud Mbya Guarani

Resumo Esse artigo discute como a luta indígena do povo Mbya Guarani pode ser compreendida como uma dimensão necessária para o estudo da promoção de saúde; luta que se dá em uma situação em que as comunidades manifestam a vivência de uma série de conflitos denunciados, como desrespeito do Estado brasileiro aos seus direitos constitucionais. Realizamos uma análise dialógica de discursos de lideranças Mbya Guarani, presentes em noticiários produzidos por coletivos indígenas e no documentário "Teko Rexaĩ: Saúde Guarani Mbyá". Discutimos as tensões entre a concepção Guarani de Teko Porã e o que está previsto pelo Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde Indígena. Argumentamos que as concepções de saúde e de cuidado, desde o enfoque do construtivismo semiótico-cultural em psicologia e suas interfaces com a reflexão ética, devem considerar o ethos indígena. Isso permite repensar o papel dos agentes de saúde em relação aos problemas relatados pelas lideranças indígenas.

Abstract This paper discusses how the struggle of the Mbya Guarani people can be comprehended as a necessary dimension for the study of health care promotion. Struggle that happens in a situation manifested by the communities that includes the experience of a series of conflicts denounced as Brazilian State disrespect to their constitutional rights. We developed a dialogical analysis of discourses uttered by Mbya Guarani leaders, published by indigenous associations and in the documentary "Teko Rexaĩ: Saúde Guarani Mbyá". We discussed the tensions between the Guarani conception of Teko Porã and what is proposed by the Brazilian Subsystem of Indigenous Health Attention. We argue that the conceptions of health and care, from the framework of Semiotic-Cultural Constructivism in psychology and its interfaces with the ethical reflection, should consider the indigenous ethos. It allow us to rethink about the role other the healthcare agents in relation to the issues reported by the indigenous leaders.

Résumé Cet article met en question la manière dont la lutte du peuple Mbya Guarani peut être considerée comme une dimension nécessaire pour l'étude de la promotion de la santée. Elle se déroule dans un contexte où les communités expriment une série de conflits dénoncés comme le manque de respect de l'Etat Brésilien à leurs droits constitutionnels. On a réalisé une analyse dialogique des discours des leaders Mbya Guarani dans les nouvelles produites par les groupes indigènes et aussi, dans le documentaire "Teko Rexaï: Saúde Guarani-Mbya". Les tensions, entre la conception guaraní de Teko Porá et les dispositions du Sous-système d'Atencao à Saúde Indigène, sont discutées. Nous soutenons que les conceptins de la santé et des soins, au point de vue du constructivisme sémio-culturel dans la psycologie et ses interfaces avec la réflexion éthique, devraient tenir compte de l' ethos autochtone. Cela permet de repenser le rôle des agents de la santée en rélation avec les problèmes rapportés par les leaders autochtones.

Resumen Este artículo discute cómo la lucha indígena del pueblo Mbya Guarani puede ser considerada como dimensión necesaria para el estudio de la promoción de salud. Lucha que se da en un contexto en que las comunidades manifiestan una serie de conflictos denunciados como falta de respeto desde el Estado brasilero a sus derechos constitucionales. Se realizó un análisis dialógico de discursos de líderes Mbya Guarani en noticias producidas por colectivos indígenas, y en el documental "Teko Rexaĩ: Saúde Guarani Mbyá". Se discute las tensiones entre la concepción Guarani de Teko Porã y lo previsto por el Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde Indígena. Argumentamos que las concepciones de salud y cuidado, desde el foco del constructivismo semiótico-cultural en psicología y sus interfaces con la reflexión ética, deben considerar un ethos indígena. Esto permite re-pensar el papel que tienen los agentes de salud en relación a los problemas relatados por los líderes indígenas.

Lichen myxedematosus: a rare group of cutaneous mucinosis

Abstract: Cutaneous mucinoses are a heterogeneous group of dermatoses in which excess deposition of mucin in the dermis gives the skin a waxy appearance, with papules and plaques that can vary from self-healing mucinosis to even disrupting the normal shape of a patient's face, conferring a leonine facies, or be part of life threatening diseases like scleromyxedema. This review will describe the most recent classification on lichen myxedematosus in the generalized (scleromyxedema) and the localized forms, as well as the different organ systems involved in scleromyxedema, diagnostic workup, current management, and prognosis.

Draft Genome Sequence of Actinomadura madurae LIID-AJ290, Isolated from a Human Mycetoma Case.

Here we present the draft genome sequence of a member of the Thermomonosporaceae, Actinomadura madurae LIID-AJ290, isolated from a human case of mycetoma. The assembly contains 10,308,866 bp. This is to our knowledge the first reported genome of a human-pathogenic Actinomadura species.