RESUMO
The objective of the present work was to estimate the effectiveness of the application of the nanostructured bioplastic material for the plastic reconstruction of perforations in the nasal septum. A total of 80 patients were recruited for the study. Half of them underwent plastic reconstruction of perforations in the nasal septum with the application of the nanostructured bioplastic material. Forty patients were treated using no biotransplants. The functional state of nasal cavity mucosa was evaluated before and after surgery. It is concluded that the nanostructured bioplastic material used in the present study ensures efficacious reconstruction of nasal septum integrity after plastic correction of septal perforations.
Assuntos
Nanoestruturas/uso terapêutico , Perfuração do Septo Nasal/cirurgia , Polímeros/uso terapêutico , Rinoplastia/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
VHL gene is often inactivated in sporadic clear cell renal cancer (CCRC) due to somatic mutations, and it's germline mutations cause hereditary CCRC--von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Localization of mutations in VHL, identification of new mutations and their influence on CCRC progression and sensitivity to targeted therapy are actual problems in modern oncogenetics. We have provided search and characterization of mutations in 248 primary CCRC using SSCP-analysis and sequencing. Somatic mutations were detected in 37.5% of samples, 72% of mutations were identified for the first time. New missense-mutations were analyzed by alignment programs and three-dimensional structure modeling. Mutation frequency was compared in different groups of patients in respect to stage, grade, and metastases. It was demonstrated that 39.1% samples with stage I harbor somatic mutations, however, no association with progression or metastases was found. We also have investigated localization of mutations in the VHL coding part and positions of missense-mutations and inframe deletions/insertions focusing on VHL critical sequences. VHL mutation analysis performed in this study improve the possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of familial and sporadic CCRC.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Mutação Puntual/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor Von Hippel-Lindau/genética , Doença de von Hippel-Lindau/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Progressão da Doença , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Fases de Leitura Aberta/genética , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Doença de von Hippel-Lindau/patologiaRESUMO
In narcotized rats, verapamil and cinnarizine modified some heart rate variability (HRV) indices and heart rate (HR) indicating up-regulation of parasympathetic tone in contrast to nifedipine that elevated activity of sympathetic subdivision of ANS producing no influence on HR. In wakeful stressed rats, the time-domain and geometric analysis established that verapamil decreased HR and up-regulated sympathetic tone; nifedipine elevated sympathetic tone and produced no effect on HR, while cinnarizine enhanced parasympathetic tone without any effect on HR. Spectrum analysis of HRV revealed probable activation of some other neurohumoral mechanisms by the employed calcium blockers.
Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/efeitos dos fármacos , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacologia , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Cinarizina/farmacologia , Eletrocardiografia , Imobilização , Nifedipino/farmacologia , Ratos , Verapamil/farmacologiaRESUMO
We studied the effects of three various angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (enalapril, lisinopril and quinapril) on heart rhythm variability in anesthetized and immobilized rats. In all cases (except for quinapril in experiments on anesthetized animals), the preparations reduced the total rhythm variability and, according to spectrum analysis, increased activity of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system to different degrees and decreased sympathetic tone. Quinapril and lisinopril produced the most pronounced influence on heart rhythm in anesthetized rats; enalapril was less potent in this respect. In immobilized animals, quinapril and enalapril showed the greatest activity and lisinopril the lowest. The more pronounced effect of quinapril both under anesthesia and during immobilization appears to be linked to the highest affinity of quinaprilat to circulatory and tissue compartments of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/administração & dosagem , Enalapril/administração & dosagem , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Lisinopril/administração & dosagem , Tetra-Hidroisoquinolinas/administração & dosagem , Anestesia , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Imobilização , Masculino , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático/fisiologia , Quinapril , Ratos , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/fisiologia , Estresse Fisiológico/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
A method of covalent immobilization of trypsin on polyurethanes containing residues of 2.4-toluene or hexamethylene diisocyanates in a side chain is developed. It is shown that the amount of the immobilized enzyme is independent of isocyanate nature, but its proteolytic activity is higher on carriers containing 2.4-toluene diisocyanate residues. This is accounted for by higher mobility of enzyme molecules due to a decrease in the number of chemical bonds between trypsin and the polymer matrix. The immobilized enzyme is stable for a long time and does not lose proteolytic activity being cyclically used for many times.
Assuntos
Enzimas Imobilizadas , Poliuretanos/química , Tripsina/química , Cianatos/química , Hidrólise , Isocianatos , Tolueno 2,4-Di-Isocianato/químicaRESUMO
Activity of acid phosphatase was determined in rabbit kidneys under subcapsular implantation of polyester-based polyurethane films (A-10) and films (D-1) containing the links of L-phenylalanyl-L-serine dipeptide in the main chain of the polymer. Optimal conditions are chosen for detecting activity of this enzyme in homogenates and in the lysosome enriched fraction of rabbit kidneys with L-glycerophosphate used as a substrate. Activity of acid phosphatase under the A-10 specimen implantation increases on the 7th and 14th day and later (during a year) does not differ from the normal level. Under the D-1 spectrum implantation the acid phosphatase activity remains increased for a longer period--up to one month. It is possibly due to the fact, that this polymer contains dipeptide fragments and is subjected to a more intensive enzymic destruction than the A-10 specimen.
Assuntos
Fosfatase Ácida/metabolismo , Rim/enzimologia , Poliuretanos/farmacologia , Animais , Implantes de Medicamento , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Cinética , Coelhos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
SH-reagents: tetraethylthiuram disulphide (TETD), 5,5'-dithiobisnitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), p-chloromercurybenzoate (p-ChMB), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) were studied for their effect on the aldehyde dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion (isoenzymes I and II) and microsome (isoenzyme II) fractions of the rat liver. TETD is established to inhibit isoenzyme I and isoenzyme II activity of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase by 100 and 50%, respectively, and the microsomal enzyme activity by 20%. DTNB and NEM inhibit 30-50% of the activity in two isoforms of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase having no effect on the enzymic activity in microsomes; p-ChMB inhibits completely the activity of the enzyme under study both in the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions. A conclusion is drawn that SH-groups are very essential for manifestation of the catalytic activity in the NAD+-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase from mitochondrial and microsomal fractions.
Assuntos
Aldeído Desidrogenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Isoenzimas/antagonistas & inibidores , Fígado/enzimologia , Reagentes de Sulfidrila/farmacologia , Animais , Técnicas In Vitro , Microssomos Hepáticos/enzimologia , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/enzimologia , Ratos , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
Activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzymes was studied in rat liver mitochondria and microsomes after implantation of the new antialcohol drug of the long-term effect synthesized on the basis of disulphirame. Disulphirame, both in vivo and in vitro was shown to inhibit dissimilarly these isoenzymes. The degree of sensitivity of various aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzymes to disulphirame is important for estimation of the drug efficiency.
Assuntos
Oxirredutases do Álcool/antagonistas & inibidores , Dissulfiram/farmacologia , Isoenzimas/antagonistas & inibidores , Fígado/enzimologia , Animais , Dissulfiram/administração & dosagem , Implantes de Medicamento , Microssomos Hepáticos/enzimologia , Mitocôndrias Hepáticas/enzimologia , Ratos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A new method of operative treatment of incarcerated recurring great inguinal-scrotal hernias is proposed with the help of plasty of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal with cicatricial changes to the tissues of the hernial sac. This method was used in operations on 56 patients aged 45-80 years. There were no postoperative recurrences of the disease or lethal outcomes.
Assuntos
Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Peritônio/transplante , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Humanos , Canal Inguinal/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva , Escroto , Técnicas de Sutura , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
The vast material concerned with the surgical treatment of patients with external abdominal hernias collected for 10 years includes 913 planned operations and 608 emergency operations for incarcerated hernias. The overall lethality was 3.4%, lethality after planned operations being 0.1%, after emergency operations--8.4%. It was noted that the amount of elderly and senile patients among patients with incarcerated hernias had increased up to 79%. The traditional methods of autoplasty were used in 95% of the patients. In 5% of the patients the autoabdominal plasty modified by the authors was used for badly amenable to treatment inguinal hernias and postoperative ventral hernias. Better results of treatment of patients with incarcerated external hernias of the abdomen were due to early diagnosis of such hernias, timely hospitalization with special reference to the patient's age, correctly performed surgery and prophylactic measures to avoid cardiovascular and pulmonary complications at the postoperative period.
Assuntos
Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Emergências , Feminino , Hérnia Ventral/diagnóstico , Hérnia Ventral/mortalidade , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Based on an analysis of results of treatment of 2828 patients with acute appendicitis the authors discuss the causes and give recommendations for prophylactics of incompetence of the vermiform process stump.
Assuntos
Apendicectomia , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Apendicite/complicações , Apendicite/cirurgia , Apêndice/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/prevenção & controle , Técnicas de SuturaRESUMO
In narcotized rats, beta-adrenoceptor blockers changed all parameters of heart rate variability indicating up-regulation of parasympathetic activity and down-regulation of the sympathetic one. In immobilized awake rats, the temporal and geometrical parameters varied similarly, while spectral analysis indicated possible activation of other neurohumoral mechanisms against the background of beta-blocker treatment.