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BACKGROUND AND AIM: the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rectal indomethacin for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones. METHODS: a total of 167 patients undergoing ERCP between November 2019 and November 2022 for CBD stones in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were prospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into an indomethacin group (n = 58) and a control group (n = 109). The primary endpoint was the percent of patients who experienced PEP. RESULTS: PEP was observed in a total of 26 patients (15.57 %); four patients (6.90 %) in the indomethacin group and 22 (20.18 %) in the control group (p = 0.042). Mild, moderate and severe PEP was observed in three (5.17 %), one (1.72 %) and zero patients, respectively, in the indomethacin group, and in eleven (10.09 %), nine (8.26 %) and two (1.83 %) patients, respectively, in the control group. There was one case (0.92 %) of death due to PEP in the control group. No cases of moderate or severe bleeding were observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS: rectal indomethacin is an effective and safe method to prevent PEP for patients with CBD stones undergoing ERCP.
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Coledocolitíase , Cálculos Biliares , Pancreatite , Humanos , Indometacina/uso terapêutico , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/efeitos adversos , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Coledocolitíase/diagnóstico por imagem , Coledocolitíase/cirurgia , Coledocolitíase/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Administração Retal , Pancreatite/etiologia , Pancreatite/prevenção & controleRESUMO
TMEM16A has been reported to be over-expressed in some malignant tumors recently. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TMEM16A in the progression of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) by detecting the expression of TMEM16A in CRC tissues, adjacent normal tissues, and adenoma tissues. Then, to investigate the relationship between TMEM16A expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with CRC.
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Adenoma , Neoplasias Colorretais , Adenoma/genética , Adenoma/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , HumanosRESUMO
AIM: to investigate the relationship between TMEM16A and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: ninety-six patients with CRC confirmed by pathology after undergoing surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University between June 2009 and December 2011 were enrolled and followed up. The expression of the TMEM16A protein in CRC was detected by immunohistochemistry in 96 cases. The relationship between the expression of the TMEM16A protein in CRC and the clinical features and clinical prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS: there was no correlation between the TMEM16A protein expression and gender, age, tumor location, size and degree of differentiation (p > 0.05). However, the expression of the TMEM16A protein was significantly associated with the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage (p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that CRC patients with high expression of the TMEM16A protein had a poorer overall survival compared with those with low expression levels (68.2 % vs 92.3 %, X2 = 9.892, p = 0.002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that upregulation of the TMEM16A protein expression is an independent predictive factor for poor prognosis in patients with CRC (p < 0.05, RR = 6.467, 95 % CI: 1.777-23.538). CONCLUSIONS: the expression of the TMEM16A protein in CRC was associated with tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage. High expression of the TMEM16A protein in CRC can be used as an independent predictive factor for a poor prognosis of patients with CRC.
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Anoctamina-1/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Anoctamina-1/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Metástase Linfática , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análise , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , PrognósticoRESUMO
It is known that few Co-based superconducting compounds have been found compared with their Fe- or Ni-based counterparts. In this study, we have found superconductivity of 4 K in the LaCoSi compound for the first time. The combined analysis of neutron and synchrotron X-ray powder diffractions reveals that LaCoSi exhibits an isostructure with the known Fe-based LiFeAs superconductor, which is the first "111" Co-based superconductor. First-principles calculation shows that LaCoSi presents a quasi-two-dimensional band structure that is also similar to that of LiFeAs. The small structural distortion may be more conducive to the emergence of superconductivity in the LaCoSi compound, which provides a direction for finding new Co-based superconducting compounds.
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It is known that as the FeAs4 tetrahedron in the Fe-based superconductor is close to the regular tetrahedron, critical temperature (Tc) can be greatly increased. Recently, a Co-based superconductor of LaCoSi (4 K) with "111" structure was found. In this work, we improve the Tc of LaCoSi through structural regulation. Tc can be increased by the chemical substitution of Co by Fe, while the superconductivity is suppressed by the Ni substitution. The combined analysis of neutron and synchrotron X-ray powder diffractions reveals that the change of the Si-Co-Si bond angles of the CoSi4 tetrahedron is possibly responsible for the determination of superconducting properties. The Fe chemical substitution is favorable for the formation of the regular tetrahedron of CoSi4. The present new Co-based superconductor of LaCoSi provides a possible method to enhance the superconductivity performance of the Co-based superconductors via controlling Co-based tetrahedra similar to those well established in the Fe-based superconductors.
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BACKGROUND: To evaluate the value of the 3-h post-ERCP serum amylase level for early prediction of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). METHOD: A study of 206 patients performed ERCP (Encoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography) at a single centre was done from Jan. 2011 to Nov. 2016. The serum amylase or lipase level was measured at 3 h after ERCP. The patients with PEP were recorded. ROC curves were used to statistically analyze the data: The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to gender, then we analyzed the data respectively. We comprehensively evaluated the predictive value of PEP by 3-h post-ERCP serum amylase level based on the results above. RESULTS: Two hundred six patients (92 males, 114 females) were enrolled. PEP occurred in 21 patients (10.19%) among them. The median time to discharge was 7 days (min = 1d, max = 13d) after the procedure. In the 206 patients, the 3-h post-ERCP pancreatic amylase level was used as the test variable, and the PEP occurrence as the state variable to plot the ROC curve. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.816, and was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The standard error (SE) was 0.0507, the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.756-0.866, and the optimal cut-off value was 351 U/L (sensitivity 76.19%, specificity 83.24%, positive likelihood ratio 4.55, negative likelihood ratio 0.29, Youden index 59.43%). Of the 206 patients, there were 83 patients with both 3-h post-ERCP amylase level and lipase level detected, and the ROC curves were plotted for both serum amylase and lipase respectively. The ROC curve matched-pair testing was carried out: The areas under the ROC curves were statistically significant. (P < 0.001) The area under the ROC curve for the 3-h post-ERCP lipase was 0.778, the 95% confidence interval was 0.673-0.862, and optimal cut-off value was 1834 U/L. The area under the ROC curve for the 3-h post-ERCP serum amylase was 0.780, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.676-0.864. The optimal cut-off is 380 U/L, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two for diagnostic accuracy. According to gender, 206 patients were divided into 2 groups, and the ROC curves were drawn respectively. Based on statistical analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy of the two groups. In the male group, 436 U/L serum amylase provided the greatest diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity (SE) of 70.5%, specificity (SP) of 89.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) 87.5%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 78.1%. Whereas, in the female group, 357 U/L serum amylase provided the greatest diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity of 76.9%, specificity of 81.2%, positive predictive value of 80.4%, negative predictive value of 77.9%. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The 3-h post-ERCP serum amylase level is a useful measurement for predicting post-ERCP pancreatitis. 2. There was no significant difference between serum amylase and lipase 3-h post-ERCP for predicting PEP. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female using the 3-h post-ERCP serum amylase level to predict PEP. For female, the optimal cut-off value was 357 U/L, whereas male 436 U/L .
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Amilases/sangue , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/efeitos adversos , Lipase/sangue , Pancreatite/sangue , Pancreatite/diagnóstico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Área Sob a Curva , Biomarcadores/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pancreatite/etiologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Curva ROC , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The frequency of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis in steroid-refractory inflammatory bowel disease has been reported to range from 15.8% to 34.0%. Infected patients are more likely to become hospitalized, have longer lengths of stay, and higher mortality rates. Current data are limited to small scale studies and showed conflicting result regarding the role of antiviral therapy. AIMS: (1) To investigate the role of antiviral treatment in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with CMV infection. (2) To investigate the role of viremia in the outcomes of these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Cleveland Clinic pathology database identified 1478 patients who had colon biopsy and were tested for CMV during 1990 to 2013. After inclusion and exclusion, 41 UC patients were selected. Among them, 24 (58.5%) received treatment, 17 (41.5%) did not. A total of 14 demographic data and 4 clinical outcomes (surgery free survival, hospitalization, rehospitalization, and mortality) were compared between treated and nontreated patients. The same outcomes were also compared in patients who received treatment based on their viremia status. RESULTS: All demographic variables are similar between those treated and nontreated groups. Antiviral therapy significantly improved the surgery free survival within 30 days, and lasted 70 months (P<0.01). In contrast, hospitalization, rehospitalization, and mortality were comparable (P>0.05). No significant difference was observed in any of the clinical outcomes based on viremia status. CONCLUSIONS: Our small scale study demonstrates that antiviral treatment for colonic CMV infection significantly improves the surgery free survival short-term and long-term in patients with UC.
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Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Colite Ulcerativa/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Colite Ulcerativa/complicações , Colite Ulcerativa/mortalidade , Colite Ulcerativa/cirurgia , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/complicações , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/mortalidade , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/cirurgia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ohio , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Acute left-sided colorectal malignant obstruction is a life-threatening condition and need emergent treatment. Many nonsurgical treatments to palliate obstruction have been developed in clinics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of transanal drainage tube (TDT) and metallic stent for the decompression of acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction were enrolled in this study from January 2005 to December 2010, they were randomly divided into TDT group (13 patients) and metallic stent group (16 patients). RESULTS: There were 13 cases in TDT group (male:female=8:5, age from 65 to 80 y, mean age was 72.6±4.7 y). The sites of lesions were located in the rectum of 3 patients, sigmoid colon of 7 patients, and descending colon of 3 patients. TDT was successfully inserted in 11 cases (84.6%). Among the 11 patients, 1-stage operation with sufficient lymph node dissection was performed in 8 cases after adequate lavage without complications. One case underwent emergent Hartmann operation because of colonic tumor perforation 3 days after ileus tube decompression. Two cases were discharged without surgery after relief of symptom. There were 16 cases in the metallic stent group (male:female=10:6 age from 48 to 86 y, mean age was 73.3±8.5 y). The sites of the lesions were located in the rectum of 4 patients, sigmoid colon of 6 patients, and descending colon of 6 patients. Successful stent placement was achieved in 13 cases (81.3%) with no severe complications. Among the 13 patients, 1-stage operation with sufficient lymph node dissection was performed in 7 cases and 6 cases refused to underwent surgery with stent as the definitive palliative treatment. The price of a TDT is only one third of an expandable metallic stent. CONCLUSIONS: Both TDT and metallic stent can achieve preoperative colonic lavage for 1-stage operation for patients with acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction with no increase in complications.
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Neoplasias Colorretais/complicações , Drenagem/métodos , Obstrução Intestinal/terapia , Stents , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Canal Anal , Feminino , Humanos , Obstrução Intestinal/etiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/cirurgia , Excisão de Linfonodo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Inhibition of ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells serves as an attractive target for the development of therapeutic strategies for colitis. Pinobanksin, one of the main flavonoids derived from propolis, possesses significant anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits the cell death of several cell lines. Here, we evaluated whether pinobanksin influenced colitis by modulation of epithelial ferroptosis. Mice treated with 2.5% DSS dissolved in sterile distilled water were established for an acute colitis model. The mitochondrial morphology, colonic iron level, lipid peroxidation products MDA/4-HNE, and lipid reactive oxygen species levels were measured to assess ferroptosis in epithelial cells. RNA-seq and functional analyses were performed to reveal key genes mediating pinobanksin-exerted modulation of ferroptosis. We found that pinobanksin, at different doses, induced significant anti-colitis effects and inhibited the elevated ferroptosis in colonic epithelial cells isolated from DSS-treated mice largely by activating GPX4 (negative regulator of ferroptosis). Furthermore, RNA-seq assays indicated that pinobanksin significantly increased the cystine transporter SLC7A11 in colonic tissues from mice with colitis. Depletion of SLC7A11 largely blocked pinobanksin-induced promotion of cystine uptake/glutathione biosynthesis and suppression of ferroptosis in epithelial cells from mice with colitis or IEC-6 cells pretreated with RSL3. Altogether, pinobanksin alleviated DSS-induced colitis largely by inhibition of ferroptosis in epithelial cells. Activation of SLC7A11 by pinobanksin resulted in the promotion of cystine uptake and enhancement of glutathione biosynthesis. This work will provide novel guidance for the clinical use of pinobanksin to treat colitis through inhibition of epithelial ferroptosis.
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Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos , Colite , Ferroptose , Glutationa , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Sistema y+ de Transporte de Aminoácidos/genética , Colite/induzido quimicamente , Colite/tratamento farmacológico , Colite/metabolismo , Sulfato de Dextrana/efeitos adversos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Glutationa/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fosfolipídeo Hidroperóxido Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
This prospective randomized controlled trial investigated the clinical value of sigmoid colon water exchange (SWE) colonoscopy by comparing it with air insufflation (AI) colonoscopy in terms of the patient's pain score, insertion time, and screening quality. Consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy without sedation were randomized into an AI group (n = 267) or an SWE group (n = 255). Patient characteristics, history of abdominal or pelvic surgery, maximum pain score, insertion time, cecal intubation rate, polyp detection rate, and the need for maneuvers were recorded. There was no significant between-group difference in insertion time, cecal intubation rate, assisted maneuvers (abdominal pressure, changing patients' position), or polyp detection rate (P > 0.05). The mean maximum pain score was significantly lower in the SWE group than in the AI group. (3.57 ± 2.01 vs. 4.69 ± 1.83, P < 0.001). For patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery and those who were overweight (body mass index > 24), the maximum pain scores were lower in the SWE group than in the AI group (3.67 ± 1.95 vs. 4.88 ± 1.80, P < 0.001; 3.40 ± 1.96 vs. 4.79 ± 1.97, P < 0.001, respectively). SWE colonoscopy can significantly reduce abdominal pain with non-inferior screening quality and does not increase insertion time.Trial registration number: ChiCTR2200059057 (date April 23, 2022).
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Ceco , Pólipos , Humanos , Colo Sigmoide , Colonoscopia , Estudos Prospectivos , Dor Abdominal , ÁguaRESUMO
Introduction: The aim of the study was to introduce a new endoscopic technology, clip-and-snare assisted endoscopic submucosal resection (CS-ESMR), for treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and then to investigate the therapeutic value of CS-ESMR. Methods: In this retrospective study, 67 patients who underwent endoscopic treatment of rectal NETs from March 2017 to December 2021 were analyzed. According to the endoscopic resection methods (endoscopic mucosal resection [EMR], CS-ESMR, and endoscopic submucosal dissection [ESD]), the cases were divided into CS-ESMR group (27 cases), ESD group (31 cases), and EMR group (9 cases). The pathological R0 resection rate and the incidence of adverse events (bleeding and perforation) were compared among the three groups. Results: There was a significant difference about the pathological R0 resection between the CS-ESMR group and the EMR group and between the CS-ESMR group and the ESD group (both p < 0.05). Compared with ESD group, the procedure time, intraoperative bleeding, and the cost of CS-ESMR group are significantly decreased (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: CS-ESMR may be a safe and effective treatment for rectal NETs with a diameter of less than 10 mm, without muscularis propria invasion and metastasis.
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[This corrects the article on p. 2921 in vol. 19, PMID: 23704825.].
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Negative and zero thermal expansion (NTE and ZTE) materials are widely adopted to eliminate the harmful effect from the "heat expansion and cool contraction" effect and frequently embrace novel fundamental physicochemical mechanisms. To date, the manipulation of NTE and ZTE materials has mainly been realized by chemical component regulation. Here, we propose another method by making use of the anisotropy of thermal expansion in noncubic single crystals, with maximal tunability from the integration of linear NTE, ZTE and positive thermal expansion (PTE). We demonstrate this concept in borate optical crystals of AEB2O4 (AE = Ca or Sr) to make the light transmission temperature-independent by counterbalancing the thermal expansion and thermo-optics coefficient. We further reveal that such a unique thermal expansion behavior in AEB2O4 arises from the synergetic thermal excitation of bond stretching in ionic [AEO8] and rotation between covalent [BO3] groups. This work has significant implications for understanding the thermal excitation of lattice vibrations in crystals and promoting the functionalization of anomalous thermal expansion materials.
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BACKGROUND: Gastric carcinoma is the second commonest cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Early detection and diagnosis of gastric cancer in the stomach is important for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer. This retrospective study was designed to investigate the value of magnifying narrow-band imaging (NBI) in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer. METHODS: This study included 122 patients who were diagnosed with early gastric cancer or precancerous gastric lesions by endoscopy. The patients underwent an examination with conventional endoscopy, magnifying NBI, and magnifying chromoendoscopy. Images resolution was evaluated, and the morphology, pit patterns and blood capillary forms of lesions were analyzed. The presence of gastric carcinoma and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the biopsy samples was considered as a positive pathological result, which is used to assess accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis. RESULTS: For image resolution, magnifying NBI and magnifying chromoendoscopy were significantly superior to magnifying conventional endoscopy in morphology, pit pattern and blood capillary form (P < 0.01), and magnifying NBI was significantly superior to magnifying chromoendoscopy in blood capillary form (P < 0.01). IV, V(1), and VI type of gastric pit pattern were detected in 14 cases, 43 cases, and 17 cases in patients with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia, respectively. V(1) and VI type of gastric pit pattern were detected in 9 cases and 39 cases in patients with early gastric cancer, respectively. The presence of irregular minute vessels and variation in the caliber of vessels was found in 109 cases. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false positive rate and false negative rate for diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous gastric lesions were 68.9%, 95.1%, 63.1%, 24.5%, and 32.4% for conventional endoscopy, 93.6%, 92.7%, 94.5%, 5.7%, and 6.9% for magnifying NBI, and 91.3%, 88.6%, 93.2%, 13.2%, and 21.48% for magnifying chromoendoscopy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that magnifying NBI is superior to conventional endoscopy in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous gastric lesions, and can be used for screening early malignancies of the stomach.
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Carcinoma in Situ/diagnóstico , Gastroscopia/métodos , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma in Situ/patologia , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers globally and has a poor prognosis. MiR-936 has been reported to regulate cell activity and tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer, glioma, and epithelial ovarian cancer. However, the specific role and mechanism of miR-936 in gastric cancer have not been explored. In present study, gastric cancer cells were transfected with miR-936 mimic, and cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, cell apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed via cell-counting kit-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assay, respectively. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to check miR-936 binding to its downstream target. It was shown that miR-936 was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 4 (ERBB4) was confirmed as a direct target of miR-936 and negatively regulated its expression by miR-936. Overexpression of miR-936 suppressed cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell migration and invasion, and enhanced cell apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, which could be reversed by further ERBB4 overexpression. Western blot results showed that miR-936/ERBB4 axis regulated Akt-related pathways to control gastric cancer cell activities. Therefore, our data suggest that miR-936 overexpression inhibits cell proliferation and invasion and promotes cell apoptosis through Akt-related pathways by targeting ERBB4, which provides novel insight to target miR-936 or miR-936/ERBB4 axis for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Movimento Celular/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-4/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Apoptose/genética , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Regulação para Baixo/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Invasividade Neoplásica , Regulação para Cima/genéticaRESUMO
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods we applied to decrease the influence of periampullary diverticula (PAD) on the success rate and complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones, we enrolled patients with CBD stones who had been treated by ERCP in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2018. According to the presence of PAD, the patients were divided into a PAD group and a non-PAD group. The rate of complete stone removal in the first session, the rate of overall stone removal, the frequency of application of mechanical lithotripsy, and procedure-related complications, including bleeding, hyperamylasemia, pancreatitis, perforation, and infection of biliary tract were recorded. A total of 183 cases, including 72 cases in the PAD group and 111 cases in the non-PAD group were enrolled. There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding gender (P = 0.354). However, regarding age, there was a statistical difference (P = 0.002), and the incidence of PAD increased with age. There were 5 (6.9%) cases in the PAD group and 14 (12.6%) cases in the non-PAD group where mechanical lithotripsy was applied. There were 59 (81.9%) cases in the PAD group and 102 (91.9%) cases in the non-PAD group where there was complete removal of CBD stones in the first session, and there were 68 (94.4%) cases in the PAD group and 107 (96.4%) cases in the non-PAD group where there was complete removal of all stones. In the PAD group, there were 0 cases (0%) with gastrointestinal bleeding, 0 cases (0%) with gastrointestinal perforation, 13 cases (18.1%) with post-ERCP hyperamylasemia, 3 cases (4.2%) with post-ERCP pancreatitis, and 4 cases (5.6%) with biliary tract infection. In the non-PAD group, 1 case (0.9%) had gastrointestinal bleeding, 0 cases had gastrointestinal perforation, 18 cases (16.2%) had post-ERCP hyperamylasemia, 5 cases (4.5%) had post-ERCP pancreatitis, and 11 cases (9.9%) had biliary tract infection. This retrospective study showed that there was a statistical difference between the two groups regarding complete removal of CBD stones in the first session and application of mechanical lithotripsy (both P < 0.05), but no statistical difference according to the rates of overall stone removal and the complications (P > 0.05), which means that we can reduce the influence of PAD on ERCP for treatment of common bile duct stones.
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Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Coledocolitíase/cirurgia , Ducto Colédoco/cirurgia , Cálculos Biliares/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Coledocolitíase/fisiopatologia , Ducto Colédoco/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Cálculos Biliares/fisiopatologia , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl- channels are expressed in pancreatic acinar cells and participate in inflammation-associated diseases. Whether TMEM16A contributes to the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP) remains unknown. Here, we found that increased TMEM16A expression in the pancreatic tissue was correlated with the interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in the pancreatic tissue and in the serum of a cerulein-induced AP mouse model. IL-6 treatment promoted TMEM16A expression in AR42J pancreatic acinar cells via the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In addition, TMEM16A was co-immunoprecipitated with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and was activated by IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release. TMEM16A inhibition reduced the IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release induced by cerulein. Furthermore, TMEM16A overexpression activated nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and increased IL-6 release by increasing intracellular Ca2+. TMEM16A knockdown by shRNAs reduced the cerulein-induced NFκB activation by Ca2+. TMEM16A inhibitors inhibited NFκB activation by decreasing channel activity and reducing TMEM16A protein levels in AR42J cells, and it ameliorated pancreatic damage in cerulein-induced AP mice. This study identifies a novel mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AP by which IL-6 promotes TMEM16A expression via IL-6R/STAT3 signaling activation, and TMEM16A overexpression increases IL-6 secretion via IP3R/Ca2+/NFκB signaling activation in pancreatic acinar cells. TMEM16A inhibition may be a new potential strategy for treating AP.
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Thermal expansion is a crucial factor for the performance of laser devices, since the induced thermal stress by laser irradiation would strongly affect the optical beam quality. For BaAlBO3F2 (BABF), a good non-linear optical (NLO) crystal, due to the highly anisotropic thermal expansion its practical applications are strongly affected by the "tearing" stress with the presence of local overheating area around the laser spot. Recently, the strategy to place the optical crystals in low-temperature environment to alleviate the influence of the thermal effect has been proposed. In order to understand the prospect of BABF for this application, in this work, we investigated its thermal expansion behavior below room temperature. The variable-temperature XRD showed that the ratio of thermal expansion coefficient between along c- and along a(b)- axis is high as 4.5:1 in BABF. The Raman spectrum combined with first-principles phonon analysis revealed that this high thermal expansion anisotropy mainly ascribe to progressive stimulation of the respective vibration phonon modes related with the thermal expansion along a(b)- and c-axis. The good NLO performance in BABF can be kept below room temperature. The work presented in this paper provides an in-depth sight into the thermal expansion behavior in BABF, which, we believe, would has significant implication to the manipulation in atomic scale on the thermal expansion of the materials adopted in strong-field optical facility.
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Thermal expansion and magnetostriction, the strain responses of a material to temperature and a magnetic field, especially properties at low temperature, are extremely useful to study electronic and phononic properties, phase transitions, quantum criticality, and other interesting phenomena in cryogenic engineering and materials science. However, traditional dilatometers cannot provide magnetic field and ultra-low temperature (<77 K) environment easily. This paper describes the design and test results of thermal expansion and magnetostriction at cryogenic temperature using the strain gauge method based on a Physical Properties Measurements System (PPMS). The interfacing software and automation were developed using LabVIEW. The sample temperature range can be tuned continuously between 1.8 and 400 K. With this PPMS-aided measuring system, we can observe temperature and magnetic field dependence of the linear thermal expansion of different solid materials easily and accurately.