Uncommon Prostate Malignant Neoplasms.

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common prostate cancer; however, there are several other malignant neoplasms that radiologists should be familiar with. The histological classification of malignant prostate neoplasms includes epithelial tumors, mesenchymal tumors, neuroendocrine tumors, hematolymphoid tumors, and stromal tumors. Knowledge of the main clinical and prostate magnetic resonance imaging features of uncommon tumors beyond adenocarcinoma is important for radiologists to enlarge their diagnostic ability and guide referring physician regarding the appropriate patient workup.The aim of this review article is to (1) review the main anatomical and histological concepts of the prostate gland and (2) provide an overview of uncommon prostate malignant neoplasms, emphasizing the key clinical, pathological, and imaging findings that may help radiologists in their daily interpretation of prostate magnetic resonance imaging.

Abnormalities of Anthropometric, Hemodynamic, and Autonomic Variables in Offspring of Hypertensive Parents.

Young adult offspring of hypertensive parents (pHTN⊕) are a good model for assessing abnormalities of anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and autonomic variables prior to clinical hypertension. The objectives of this study were to determine whether these variables and autonomic responses to oral carbohydrates were altered in offspring of pHTN⊕. Two hundred consecutive patients, including 100 pHTN⊕, were evaluated, with 29 patients, including 14 pHTN⊕, given a 70-gram carbohydrate load. The pHTN⊕ group had higher blood pressure, pulse pressure, abdominal circumference (AC), weight, body mass index, and basal metabolic rate than offspring of normotensive parents (pHTN∅). At baseline, the low-frequency (LF, sympathetic) to high-frequency (HF, parasympathetic) ratio, assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability, was similar in both groups. After the carbohydrate load, the LF/HF ratio was greater in offspring of pHTN⊕. pHTN⊕ individuals have abnormalities of anthropometric and hemodynamic variables at baseline and autonomic responses to oral carbohydrates before developing hypertension.