A Novel Case of Cervical Lipoma Arising From Surgical Incision.

Lipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor primarily found in subcutaneous fat. Post-traumatic lipoma (PTL) sporadically associates with blunt of penetrating trauma, but the exact mechanism remains not fully understood. This article unveils a rare case of a 32-year-old male presenting with a cervical lipoma at a previous surgical incision, an unprecedented occurrence. The patient incidentally detected the mass and underwent complete excision, with pathology confirming the diagnosis. The etiology of PTL remains speculative, with proposed mechanisms postulating inflammatory chemokines inducing preadipocyte differentiation and acute trauma causing septal rupture, allowing lipoma formation. Notably, the prior use of blade in our patient's surgical procedure aligns with this hypothesis. The varied nature of trauma encompasses acute, blunt, and penetrating injuries. This case represents the second instance attributed to penetrating trauma and the first occurrence at a surgical incision site.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: A case report with a brief literature review.

INTRODUCTION: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas, representing only 1 % of pancreatic cancers, was identified by Virginia Frantz in 1959. Predominantly affecting young females, it often remains asymptomatic, posing diagnostic challenges due to slow growth. This paper emphasizes SPN's rarity and associated diagnostic complexities. CASE PRESENTATION: In a specific case, a 17-year-old female with post-traumatic right flank pain underwent an enhanced CT scan, revealing a well-defined, hypodense mass in the pancreatic head. With normal laboratory results, a diagnostic laparotomy exposed a sizable solid cystic mass. A Whipple procedure unveiled a predominantly cystic mass enveloped by a well-developed capsule. DISCUSSION: SPN appears as a distinct mixed solid and cystic lesion on imaging, necessitating confirmation through core biopsy. Surgical resection, the primary treatment, ensures a positive overall prognosis, despite rare recurrence and metastases. Microscopic examination reveals pseudopapillae, and immunohistochemistry aids diagnosis with positive staining for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, CD10, and CD99. CONCLUSION: SPN, a rare pancreatic neoplasm predominantly affecting young females, may present with abdominal pain or palpable mass despite its usual asymptomatic nature. Diagnosis involves imaging and biopsy confirmation, with surgical resection as the curative treatment. While prognosis is generally favorable, comprehensive understanding and improved management require further research for this uncommon pancreatic neoplasm.

Palatal mucormycosis in a 2-month-old child: A very rare case report and a literature review.

A 2-month-old Syrian male child presented with a large blackish ulcerating lesion on his hard palate, along with fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and milk regurgitation from the nose. The child was diagnosed with palatal mucormycosis by histopathology and underwent treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and surgical debridement. However, despite treatment, the child's condition deteriorated, and he died from respiratory failure. An underlying immunodeficiency was not diagnosed, but the family history revealed several deaths of the child's siblings at very early ages due to poorly documented complicated metabolic syndromes. An autopsy was refused by the parents due to cultural reasons.

Electrically Controlled All-Antiferromagnetic Tunnel Junctions on Silicon with Large Room-Temperature Magnetoresistance.

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials are a pathway to spintronic memory and computing devices with unprecedented speed, energy efficiency, and bit density. Realizing this potential requires AFM devices with simultaneous electrical writing and reading of information, which are also compatible with established silicon-based manufacturing. Recent experiments have shown tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) readout in epitaxial AFM tunnel junctions. However, these TMR structures are not grown using a silicon-compatible deposition process, and controlling their AFM order required external magnetic fields. Here are shown three-terminal AFM tunnel junctions based on the noncollinear antiferromagnet PtMn3, sputter-deposited on silicon. The devices simultaneously exhibit electrical switching using electric currents, and electrical readout by a large room-temperature TMR effect. First-principles calculations explain the TMR in terms of the momentum-resolved spin-dependent tunneling conduction in tunnel junctions with noncollinear AFM electrodes.

Realization and Control of Bulk and Surface Modes in 3D Nanomagnonic Networks by Additive Manufacturing of Ferromagnets.

The high-density integration in information technology fuels the research on functional 3D nanodevices. Particularly ferromagnets promise multifunctional 3D devices for nonvolatile data storage, high-speed data processing, and non-charge-based logic operations via spintronics and magnonics concepts. However, 3D nanofabrication of ferromagnets is extremely challenging. In this work, an additive manufacturing methodology is reported, and unprecedented 3D ferromagnetic nanonetworks with a woodpile-structure unit cell are fabricated. The collective spin dynamics (magnons) at frequencies up to 25 GHz are investigated by Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS) microscopy and micromagnetic simulations. A clear discrepancy of about 10 GHz is found between the bulk and surface modes, which are engineered by different unit cell sizes in the Ni-based nanonetworks. The angle- and spatially-dependent modes demonstrate opportunities for multi-frequency signal processing in 3D circuits via magnons. The developed synthesis route will allow one to create 3D magnonic crystals with chiral unit cells, which are a prerequisite toward surface modes with topologically protected properties.

Facial Granular Lesions in a Patient With Kimura Disease Associated With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Kimura disease is a benign subcutaneous chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that is usually seen in young males. A 26-year-old Syrian adult, has suffered from focal segmental glomerulosclerosis for 10 years with no history of renal transplantation, complained of swellings in his preauricular area which was diagnosed as Kimura disease. There is no consensus regarding the optimal treatment for Kimura disease and the chosen treatment was surgery in the young patient with localized lesions. During 9 months of following up after surgical removing of the lesions, no recurrence was noticed.

Bilateral Tongue Necrosis in a Young Patient as a Complication of Prolonged Oral Endotracheal Intubation: A Case Report.

We present a unique case of complete tongue necrosis caused by a compression of an endotracheal tube (ETT). A 39-year-old female underwent endotracheal intubation secondary to respiratory failure following sudden altered mental status. Tongue swallowing developed and worsened with obvious pallor on examination. Extensive ischemic changes with tongue necrosis developed dramatically due to the compression during her prolonged intubation. This case of tongue necrosis highlights the importance of proper ETT sizing and positioning during prolonged intubation in ICU patients.

Giant hypopharyngeal fibroepithelial polyp: A case report and literature review.

Hypopharyngeal fibroepithelial polyp is a rare entity. It could extend along the esophagus, leading to dysphagia. In rare cases, this polyp could present as airway compromise due to occlusion of the inlet of the larynx. The treatment of choice is surgical resection. Accurate defining of the origin of such polyp is mandatory in order to achieve complete resection and avoid recurrence. Although hypopharyngeal FEP is rare, physicians must keep this in mind when a patient presents dysphagia or airway compromise. In the current case, we present a rare case of giant hypopharyngeal FEP originating from the right pyriform sinus detected in a Caucasian female. The patient threw up the polyp after severe vomiting. This case should be the fourth and largest case of hypopharyngeal FEP reported in the literature.

Direct observation of multiband transport in magnonic Penrose quasicrystals via broadband and phase-resolved spectroscopy.

Quasicrystals are aperiodically ordered structures with unconventional rotational symmetry. Their peculiar features have been explored in photonics to engineer bandgaps for light waves. Magnons (spin waves) are collective spin excitations in magnetically ordered materials enabling non-charge-based information transmission in nanoscale devices. Here, we report on a two-dimensional magnonic quasicrystal formed by aperiodically arranged nanotroughs in ferrimagnetic yttrium iron garnet. By phase-resolved spin wave imaging at gigahertz frequencies, multidirectional emission from a microwave antenna is evidenced, allowing for a quasicontinuous radial magnon distribution, not observed in reference measurements on a periodic magnonic crystal. We observe partial forbidden gaps, which are consistent with analytical calculations and indicate band formation as well as a modified magnon density of states due to backfolding at pseudo-Brillouin zone boundaries. The findings promise as-desired filters and magnonic waveguides reaching out in a multitude of directions of the aperiodic lattice.

Long decay length of magnon-polarons in BiFeO3/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 heterostructures.

Magnons can transfer information in metals and insulators without Joule heating, and therefore are promising for low-power computation. The on-chip magnonics however suffers from high losses due to limited magnon decay length. In metallic thin films, it is typically on the tens of micrometre length scale. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-long magnon decay length of up to one millimetre in multiferroic/ferromagnetic BiFeO3(BFO)/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3(LSMO) heterostructures at room temperature. This decay length is attributed to a magnon-phonon hybridization and is more than two orders of magnitude longer than that of bare metallic LSMO. The long-distance modes have high group velocities of 2.5 km s-1 as detected by time-resolved Brillouin light scattering. Numerical simulations suggest that magnetoelastic coupling via the BFO/LSMO interface hybridizes phonons in BFO with magnons in LSMO to form magnon-polarons. Our results provide a solution to the long-standing issue on magnon decay lengths in metallic magnets and advance the bourgeoning field of hybrid magnonics.

Identifying the Sources of Error When Using 3-Dimensional Printed Head Models with Surgical Navigation.

OBJECTIVES: The evaluation of sources of error when preparing, printing, and using 3-dimensional (3D) printed head models for training purposes. METHODS: Two 3D printed models were designed and fabricated using actual patient imaging data with reference marker points embedded artificially within these models that were then registered to a surgical navigation system using 3 different methods. The first method uses a conventional manual registration, using the actual patient's imaging data. The second method is done by directly scanning the created model using intraoperative computed tomography followed by registering the model to a new imaging dataset manually. The third is similar to the second method of scanning the model but eventually uses an automatic registration technique. The errors for each experiment were then calculated based on the distance of the surgical navigation probe from the respective positions of the embedded marker points. RESULTS: Errors were found in the preparation and printing techniques, largely depending on the orientation of the printed segment and postprocessing, but these were relatively small. Larger errors were noted based on a couple of variables: if the models were registered using the original patient imaging data as opposed to using the imaging data from directly scanning the model (1.28 mm vs. 1.082 mm), and the accuracy was best using the automated registration techniques (0.74 mm). CONCLUSION: Spatial accuracy errors occur consistently in every 3D fabricated model. These errors are derived from the fabrication process, the image registration process, and the surgical process of registration.

Pentavalent arsenate transport by zebrafish phosphate transporter NaPi-IIb1.

Arsenate is a pentavalent form of arsenic that shares similar chemical properties to phosphate. It has been shown to be taken up by phosphate transporters in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes such as yeast and Escherichia coli. Recently, the arsenate uptake in vertebrate cells was reported to be facilitated by mammalian type II sodium/phosphate transporter with different affinities. As arsenate is the most common form of arsenic exposure in aquatic system, identifying the uptake pathway of arsenate into aquatic animals is a crucial step in the elucidation of the entire metabolic pathway of arsenic. In this study, the ability of a zebrafish phosphate transporter, NaPi-IIb1 (SLC34a2a), to transport arsenate was examined. Our results demonstrate that a type II phosphate transporter in zebrafish, NaPi-IIb1, can transport arsenate in vitro when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. NaPi-IIb1 mediates a high-affinity arsenate transport, with a K(m) of 0.22 mM. The natural substrate of NaPi-IIb1, dibasic phosphate, inhibits arsenate transport. Arsenate transport via NaPi-IIb1 is coupled with Na(+) and exhibits sigmoidal kinetics with a Hill coefficient of 3.24 ± 0.19. Consistent with these in vitro studies, significant arsenate accumulation is observed in all examined zebrafish tissues where NaPi-IIb1 is expressed, particularly intestine, kidney, and eye, indicating that zebrafish NaPi-IIb1 is likely the transport protein that is responsible for arsenic accumulation in vivo.

Severe ocular and periocular injuries caused by an ostrich.

An adult was attacked by an ostrich and suffered severe ocular and periocular injury, with permanent loss of vision. Fragments of ostrich beak were removed from the right periorbital laceration. Unprovoked severe bird injuries are rare. To the best of our knowledge, ocular injury caused by an ostrich has never been reported in the ophthalmic literature.