RESUMO
We describe a stereodefined synthesis of the newly identified non-natural phosphorothioate cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) STING agonist, BMT-390025. The new route avoids the low-yielding racemic approach using P(III)-based reagents, and the stereospecific assembly of the phosphorothioate linkages are forged via the recently invented P(V)-based platform of the so-called PSI (Ψ) reagent system. This P(V) approach allows for the complete control of chirality of the P-based linkages and enabled conclusive evidence of the absolute configuration. The new approach offers robust procedures for preparing the stereodefined CDN in eight steps starting from advanced nucelosides, with late-stage direct drop isolations and telescoped steps enabling an efficient scale-up that proceeded in an overall 15% yield to produce multigram amounts of the CDN.
RESUMO
The discovery of a series of substituted diarylether compounds as retinoic acid related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) agonists is described. Compound 1 was identified from deck mining as a RORγt agonist. Hit-to-lead optimization led to the identification of lead compound 5, which possesses improved potency (10x). Extensive SAR exploration led to the identification of a potent and selective compound 22, that demonstrated an improved pharmacokinetic profile and a dose-dependent pharmacodynamic response. However, when dosed in a MC38 syngeneic tumor model, no evidence of efficacy was observed. ©2020 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Assuntos
Éteres/farmacologia , Membro 3 do Grupo F da Subfamília 1 de Receptores Nucleares/agonistas , Tretinoína/farmacologia , Animais , Cristalografia por Raios X , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Éteres/síntese química , Éteres/química , Humanos , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Células Th17 , Tretinoína/síntese química , Tretinoína/químicaRESUMO
Substituted benzyloxy aryl compound 2 was identified as an RORγt agonist. Structure based drug design efforts resulted in a potent and selective tricyclic compound 19 which, when administered orally in an MC38 mouse tumor model, demonstrated a desired pharmacokinetic profile as well as a dose-dependent pharmacodynamic response. However, no perceptible efficacy was observed in this tumor model at the doses investigated.
Assuntos
Compostos de Benzil/farmacologia , Compostos Heterocíclicos/farmacologia , Receptores do Ácido Retinoico/agonistas , Animais , Compostos de Benzil/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Receptor gama de Ácido RetinoicoRESUMO
The TGFß-TGFßR signaling pathway has been reported to play a protective role in the later stages of tumorigenesis via increasing immunosuppressive Treg cells and facilitating the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Therefore, inhibition of TGFßR has the potential to enhance antitumor immunity. Herein we disclose the identification and optimization of novel heterobicyclic inhibitors of TGFßRI that demonstrate potent inhibition of SMAD phosphorylation. Application of structure-based drug design to the novel pyrrolotriazine chemotype resulted in improved binding affinity (Ki apparentâ¯=â¯0.14â¯nM), long residence time (T1/2â¯>â¯120â¯min) and significantly improved potency in the PSMAD cellular assay (IC50â¯=â¯24â¯nM). Several analogs inhibited phosphorylation of SMAD both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, inhibition of TGFß-stimulated phospho-SMAD was observed in primary human T cells.
Assuntos
Compostos Bicíclicos com Pontes/química , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento Transformadores beta/antagonistas & inibidores , Sítios de Ligação , Compostos Bicíclicos com Pontes/síntese química , Compostos Bicíclicos com Pontes/farmacologia , Células Cultivadas , Cristalografia por Raios X , Desenho de Fármacos , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Fosforilação , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Pirróis/síntese química , Pirróis/química , Pirróis/metabolismo , Receptor do Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta Tipo I , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento Transformadores beta/metabolismo , Proteínas Smad/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linfócitos T/citologia , Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Tiazinas/síntese química , Tiazinas/química , Tiazinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Hydroxyl 1,2-diphenylethanamine analogs were identified as potent inhibitors of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), a therapeutic target to raise HDL cholesterol. In an effort to improve the pharmaceutical properties in the previously disclosed DiPhenylPyridineEthanamine (DPPE) series, polar groups were introduced to the N-linked quaternary center. Optimization of analogues for potency, in vitro liability profile and efficacy led to identification of lead compound 16 which demonstrated robust pharmacodynamic effects in human CETP/apo-B100 dual transgenic mice.
Assuntos
Aminas/farmacologia , Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/antagonistas & inibidores , Descoberta de Drogas , Aminas/síntese química , Aminas/química , Animais , Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A series of diphenylpyridylethanamine-based inhibitors of cholesteryl ester transfer protein with aminoheterocycles appended onto the N-terminus of the chemotype were explored as urea mimetics. Potent compounds were discovered and were further optimized to improve metabolic stability and PXR transactivation profile.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/antagonistas & inibidores , Compostos Heterocíclicos/síntese química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/farmacologia , Biomimética , Compostos de Bifenilo/síntese química , Compostos de Bifenilo/química , Compostos de Bifenilo/farmacologia , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Etilaminas/síntese química , Etilaminas/química , Etilaminas/farmacologia , Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Estrutura Molecular , Piridinas/síntese química , Piridinas/química , Piridinas/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Ureia/químicaRESUMO
Identification, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of small-molecule VIPR1 antagonists encompassing two chemical series are described.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Compostos de Bifenilo/síntese química , Receptores Tipo I de Polipeptídeo Intestinal Vasoativo/antagonistas & inibidores , Tiofenos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Compostos de Bifenilo/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Ensaios de Triagem em Larga Escala , Humanos , Receptores Tipo I de Polipeptídeo Intestinal Vasoativo/metabolismo , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Tiofenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
A novel series of diphenylpyridylethanamine-based inhibitors of cholesteryl ester transfer protein is described. Optimization of the urea moiety, particularly by incorporation of fluorine, is explored to balance in vitro metabolic stability with CETP potency in the whole plasma assay.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/antagonistas & inibidores , Piridinas/química , Piridinas/farmacologia , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Ureia/farmacologia , Aminas/sangue , Aminas/química , Aminas/metabolismo , Aminas/farmacologia , Animais , Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/metabolismo , Halogenação , Humanos , Camundongos , Piridinas/sangue , Piridinas/metabolismo , Ratos , Ureia/sangue , Ureia/metabolismoRESUMO
SAR studies of pyrrolo[1,2-f]triazines as JAK2 inhibitors is presented. Achieving JAK2 inhibition selectively over JAK3 is discussed.
Assuntos
Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Janus Quinase 2/metabolismo , Janus Quinase 3/metabolismo , Pirrolidinas/síntese química , Triazinas/síntese química , Triazinas/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/síntese química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Janus Quinase 2/antagonistas & inibidores , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Ligação Proteica , Pirróis/síntese química , Pirróis/química , Pirróis/farmacologia , Pirrolidinas/química , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Triazinas/químicaRESUMO
Inhibition of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of adaptor proteins is an attractive strategy for targeting transcriptional regulation of key oncogenes, such as c-MYC. Starting with the screening hit 1, a combination of structure-activity relationship and protein structure-guided drug design led to the discovery of a differently oriented carbazole 9 with favorable binding to the tryptophan, proline, and phenylalanine (WPF) shelf conserved in the BET family. Identification of an additional lipophilic pocket and functional group optimization to optimize pharmacokinetic (PK) properties culminated in the discovery of 18 (BMS-986158) with excellent potency in binding and functional assays. On the basis of its favorable PK profile and robust in vivo activity in a panel of hematologic and solid tumor models, BMS-986158 was selected as a candidate for clinical evaluation.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Carbazóis/farmacologia , Descoberta de Drogas , Fenilalanina/farmacologia , Prolina/farmacologia , Triptofano/farmacologia , Administração Oral , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/química , Carbazóis/administração & dosagem , Carbazóis/química , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Fenilalanina/administração & dosagem , Fenilalanina/química , Prolina/administração & dosagem , Prolina/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Fatores de Transcrição/antagonistas & inibidores , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Triptofano/administração & dosagem , Triptofano/químicaRESUMO
A G-Protein-coupled receptor-targeted library of aryloxypropanolamines and aryloxybutanolamines was efficiently executed using a novel, polymer-supported acyclic acetal linker, producing compounds in good yields and purities.
Assuntos
Aminas/síntese química , Desenho de Fármacos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/antagonistas & inibidores , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/síntese química , Aminas/farmacologia , Técnicas de Química Combinatória , Reagentes de Ligações Cruzadas , Humanos , Polímeros , Propanolaminas , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Lead optimization of the diphenylpyridylethanamine (DPPE) and triphenylethanamine (TPE) series of CETP inhibitors to improve their pharmaceutical profile is described. Polar groups at the N-terminus position in the DPPE series resulted in further improvement in potency and pharmaceutical properties concomitant with retaining the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. A structure-activity relationship observed in the DPPE series was extended to the corresponding analogs in the more potent TPE series, and further optimization resulted in the identification of 2-amino-N-((R)-1-(3-cyclopropoxy-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl)-2-phenylethyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)butanamide (13). Compound 13 demonstrated no significant changes in either mean arterial blood pressure or heart rate in telemetry rats, had an excellent PK profile, and demonstrated robust efficacy in human CETP/apo-B-100 dual transgenic mice and in hamsters.
RESUMO
2-Arylbenzoxazole 5 was identified as a hit from a fluorescence-based high-throughput screen for CETP inhibitors. The synthesis and SAR investigation employing array synthesis of the A- and B-rings are described.
Assuntos
Benzoxazóis/síntese química , Benzoxazóis/farmacologia , Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/antagonistas & inibidores , Benzoxazóis/química , Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/metabolismo , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors raise HDL-C in animals and humans and may be antiatherosclerotic by enhancing reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). In this article, we describe the lead optimization efforts resulting in the discovery of a series of triphenylethanamine (TPE) ureas and amides as potent and orally available CETP inhibitors. Compound 10g is a potent CETP inhibitor that maximally inhibited cholesteryl ester (CE) transfer activity at an oral dose of 1 mg/kg in human CETP/apoB-100 dual transgenic mice and increased HDL cholesterol content and size comparable to torcetrapib (1) in moderately-fat fed hamsters. In contrast to the off-target liabilities with 1, no blood pressure increase was observed with 10g in rat telemetry studies and no increase of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) was detected in H295R cells. On the basis of its preclinical profile, compound 10g was advanced into preclinical safety studies.
Assuntos
Anticolesterolemiantes/síntese química , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacologia , Benzamidas/síntese química , Benzamidas/farmacologia , Benzilaminas/síntese química , Benzilaminas/farmacologia , Proteínas de Transferência de Ésteres de Colesterol/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacocinética , Aterosclerose/tratamento farmacológico , Benzamidas/farmacocinética , Benzilaminas/farmacocinética , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Colesterol/metabolismo , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Cricetinae , Citocromo P-450 CYP11B2/antagonistas & inibidores , Cães , Descoberta de Drogas , Humanos , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinolinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyAssuntos
Técnicas de Química Combinatória , Nitrilas/síntese química , Pirimidinas/síntese química , Triazóis/síntese química , Amitrol (Herbicida)/química , Ciclização , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Nitrilas/química , Pirimidinas/química , Resinas Sintéticas/química , Triazóis/químicaRESUMO
A series of diphenylpyridylethanamine (DPPE) derivatives was identified exhibiting potent CETP inhibition. Replacing the labile ester functionality in the initial lead 7 generated a series of amides and ureas. Further optimization of the DPPE series for potency resulted in the discovery of cyclopentylurea 15d, which demonstrated a reduction in cholesterol ester transfer activity (48% of predose level) in hCETP/apoB-100 dual transgenic mice. The PK profile of 15d was suboptimal, and further optimization of the N-terminus resulted in the discovery of amide 20 with an improved PK profile and robust efficacy in transgenic hCETP/apoB-100 mice and in hamsters. Compound 20 demonstrated no significant changes in either mean arterial blood pressure or heart rate in telemeterized rats despite sustained high exposures.