Practice-Changing Use of the 21-Gene Test for the Management of Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Latin America.

PURPOSE: We present a physician survey of the impact of 21-gene Breast Recurrence Score test results on treatment decisions in clinical practice in Latin America. METHODS: This prospective survey enrolled consecutive patients at 14 sites in Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru who had routine 21-gene testing. Physician surveys captured patient and tumor characteristics and treatment decisions before and after 21-gene test results. The survey spanned the period before and after Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment (TAILORx) results reported (June 2018). Overall net percent change in adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations was estimated, and asymptotic 95% CIs with continuity correction were calculated. The proportion with a change between pretest treatment recommendation and actual treatment received was calculated overall and by Recurrence Score groups per TAILORx. RESULTS: Between March 2015 and December 2019, the survey was completed for 647 patients; 20% were node-positive. The mean patient age was 54 years (24-85 years); 55% were postmenopausal; 17%, 63%, and 20% had grade 1, 2, and 3 tumors, respectively; and 30% had tumors > 2 cm. Recurrence Score (RS) results were as follows: 20% RS 0-10, 56% RS 11-25, and 24% RS 26-100. Overall, chemotherapy recommendations fell by a relative proportion of 39% (95% CI, 33.4 to 44.3) after 21-gene testing (33% decrease in node-negative and 55% decrease in node-positive). Among node-negative patients, the relative decrease in chemotherapy recommendations was 28% (95% CI, 18.9 to 39.5) before TAILORx and 36% (95% CI, 28.4 to 43.7) after. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this large survey of 21-gene test practice patterns was the first conducted in Latin America and showed the relevance of 21-gene testing in low- and medium-resource countries to minimize chemotherapy overuse and underuse in breast cancer. The results showed substantial reductions in chemotherapy use overall-especially after TAILORx reported-indicating the practice-changing potential of that study.

[Survival difference due to types of health coverage in breast cancer patients treated at a specialized cancer center in Medellín, Colombia]. / Diferencias en supervivencia debidas al aseguramiento en salud en pacientes con cáncer de mama atendidas en un centro oncológico de referencia en Medellín, Colombia.

The study aimed to estimate the effect of health insurance on overall survival and disease-free survival in breast cancer patients undergoing surgery at the Las Américas Oncology Institute in Medellín, Colombia, with data from the institutional registry. The variables were compared between subsidized coverage and contributive coverage with chi-squared test (χ2) or Student t test, Kaplan-Meier, and log-rank test. The target variable was adjusted with Cox regression. There were 2,732 patients with a median follow-up of 36 months. Ten percent of the women with contributive coverage died, compared to 23% of the subsidized coverage group. There were differences in time-to-treatment (contributive group with 52 days versus subsidized group with 112 days, p < 0.05). Disease-free survival and overall survival were better in women with contributive coverage compared to those with subsidized coverage (p < 0.05), and overall survival varied according to tumor and treatment variables. Overall survival and disease-free survival and early time-to-diagnosis and treatment were better in patients with contributive coverage compared to those with subsidized coverage.

El objetivo fue estimar el efecto del aseguramiento en salud sobre la supervivencia global y libre de enfermedad en pacientes con cáncer de mama. La muestra se compuso de mujeres operadas en el Instituto de Cancerología, Medellín, Colombia, con datos del registro institucional. Las variables se compararon entre régimen subsidiado y contributivo com chi cuadrado test (χ2) o test t de Student, método de Kaplan-Meier y prueba de rangos logarítmicos (log-rank test). La variable de interés se ajustó con una regresión de Cox. Se incluyeron 2.732 pacientes con mediana de seguimiento de 36 meses. Del régimen contributivo murieron el 10% y del régimen subsidiado murieron 23%. Hubo diferencias en tiempos de acceso a tratamiento (régimen contributivo: 52 vs. régimen subsidiado: 112 días, p < 0,05). Supervivencia libre de enfermedad y supervivencia global fueron mejores en régimen contributivo que en régimen subsidiado (p < 0,05); supervivencia global depende de variables del tumor y del tratamiento. Supervivencia global y supervivencia libre de enfermedad y tiempos de acceso para atención y diagnóstico en etapa temprana fueron mejores en régimen contributivo que en régimen subsidiado.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o efeito do seguro de saúde sobre a sobrevivência global e livre de doença em pacientes com câncer de mama. A amostra foi composta por mulheres operadas no Instituto de Cancerologia Las Américas em Medellín, Colombia, com dados do registro institucional. As variáveis foram comparadas entre o regime subsidiado e contributivo com teste do qui-quadrado (χ2) ou teste t de Student, método de Kaplan-Meier e log-rank test. A variável de interesse foi ajustada por meio de uma regressão de Cox. Foram incluídas 2.732 pacientes durante um período médio de acompanhamento de 36 meses. Do regime contributivo morreram 10% das mulheres e do regime subsidiado morreram 23%. Houve diferenças nos tempos de acesso ao tratamento (regime contributivo: 52 vs. regime subsidiado: 112 dias; p < 0,05). Sobrevivência livre de doença e sobrevivência global foram melhores em regime contributivo do que em regime subsidiado (p < 0,05); sobrevivência global depende de variáveis do tumor e do tratamento. Sobrevivência global e sobrevivência livre de doença e os tempos de acesso para atenção e diagnóstico no estágio inicial foram melhores em regime contributivo do que em regime subsidiado.

Diferencias en supervivencia debidas al aseguramiento en salud en pacientes con cáncer de mama atendidas en un centro oncológico de referencia en Medellín, Colombia / Survival difference due to types of health coverage in breast cancer patients treated at a specialized cancer center in Medellín, Colombia / Diferenças em sobrevivência devidas ao seguro de saúde em pacientes com câncer de mama atendidas em um centro ontológico de referência em Medellín, Colômbia

Resumen: El objetivo fue estimar el efecto del aseguramiento en salud sobre la supervivencia global y libre de enfermedad en pacientes con cáncer de mama. La muestra se compuso de mujeres operadas en el Instituto de Cancerología, Medellín, Colombia, con datos del registro institucional. Las variables se compararon entre régimen subsidiado y contributivo com chi cuadrado test (χ2) o test t de Student, método de Kaplan-Meier y prueba de rangos logarítmicos (log-rank test). La variable de interés se ajustó con una regresión de Cox. Se incluyeron 2.732 pacientes con mediana de seguimiento de 36 meses. Del régimen contributivo murieron el 10% y del régimen subsidiado murieron 23%. Hubo diferencias en tiempos de acceso a tratamiento (régimen contributivo: 52 vs. régimen subsidiado: 112 días, p < 0,05). Supervivencia libre de enfermedad y supervivencia global fueron mejores en régimen contributivo que en régimen subsidiado (p < 0,05); supervivencia global depende de variables del tumor y del tratamiento. Supervivencia global y supervivencia libre de enfermedad y tiempos de acceso para atención y diagnóstico en etapa temprana fueron mejores en régimen contributivo que en régimen subsidiado.

Abstract: The study aimed to estimate the effect of health insurance on overall survival and disease-free survival in breast cancer patients undergoing surgery at the Las Américas Oncology Institute in Medellín, Colombia, with data from the institutional registry. The variables were compared between subsidized coverage and contributive coverage with chi-squared test (χ2) or Student t test, Kaplan-Meier, and log-rank test. The target variable was adjusted with Cox regression. There were 2,732 patients with a median follow-up of 36 months. Ten percent of the women with contributive coverage died, compared to 23% of the subsidized coverage group. There were differences in time-to-treatment (contributive group with 52 days versus subsidized group with 112 days, p < 0.05). Disease-free survival and overall survival were better in women with contributive coverage compared to those with subsidized coverage (p < 0.05), and overall survival varied according to tumor and treatment variables. Overall survival and disease-free survival and early time-to-diagnosis and treatment were better in patients with contributive coverage compared to those with subsidized coverage.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o efeito do seguro de saúde sobre a sobrevivência global e livre de doença em pacientes com câncer de mama. A amostra foi composta por mulheres operadas no Instituto de Cancerologia Las Américas em Medellín, Colombia, com dados do registro institucional. As variáveis foram comparadas entre o regime subsidiado e contributivo com teste do qui-quadrado (χ2) ou teste t de Student, método de Kaplan-Meier e log-rank test. A variável de interesse foi ajustada por meio de uma regressão de Cox. Foram incluídas 2.732 pacientes durante um período médio de acompanhamento de 36 meses. Do regime contributivo morreram 10% das mulheres e do regime subsidiado morreram 23%. Houve diferenças nos tempos de acesso ao tratamento (regime contributivo: 52 vs. regime subsidiado: 112 dias; p < 0,05). Sobrevivência livre de doença e sobrevivência global foram melhores em regime contributivo do que em regime subsidiado (p < 0,05); sobrevivência global depende de variáveis do tumor e do tratamento. Sobrevivência global e sobrevivência livre de doença e os tempos de acesso para atenção e diagnóstico no estágio inicial foram melhores em regime contributivo do que em regime subsidiado.

Actualización del reporte de biopsiapor aspiración con aguja fina de mama / Report of breast fine needle aspiration biopsy: an update

Las recomendaciones para la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama se desarrollaron y aprobaron en 1997 por el Instituto Nacional de Cáncer en Bethesda, Estados Unidos y fueron adaptadas a nuestro país en 2007, sin embargo, en los últimos años no se han realizado cambios formales en estas indicaciones. El objetivo de este módulo es presentar la actualización del reporte de biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama, usando el sistema de reporte Bethesda, realizado por consenso con un grupo de patólogos, clínicos, radiólogos, cirujanos de mama y otros profesionales de la salud de Colombia y otros países, y con base en la experiencia realizando biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe y de Dinámica IPS.

Recommendations for breast fine needle aspiration biopsy were developed and approved in 1997 by The National Cancer Institute of Bethesda, United States, , and were adapted to our country on 2007, however, in last years these indications have not changed in a formal manner. The purpose of this review was to provide an update of the report for breast fine needle aspiration biopsy using the Bethesda system. This guide was made by consensus with pathologists, clinicians, radiologists, breast surgeons and other health professionals of Colombia and other countries. The update was basis on the experience of Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe and Dinamica IPS in performing breast fine needle aspiration biopsy.