[Thyroid surgery in a context of scarce resources at Saint Martin de Porres Dominican Hospital (Yaounde, Cameroon)]. / Chirurgie thyroïdienne dans le contexte de populations avec de faibles ressources à l'hôpital dominicain Saint Martin de Porres (Yaoundé, Cameroun).

Introduction: Surgical campaigns for thyroid surgery in low-income environments are very efficient, but there is little literature reporting results. These campaigns are complex due to multiple particularities: highly evolved cases, the need for professionals to travel or an obvious socio-cultural barrier influence towards the surgical act. We describe a surgical campaign in Cameroon to treat patients with goiter and issue some medical and sociocultural recommendations in view of our experience for its implementation with guarantees. Material and methods: An experienced group carried out an 11-day campaign at the Saint Martin de Porres Dominican Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon. Demographic data, TSH values, surgery and complications after a 12-month follow-up were analyzed. Results: Thirty-eight patients with goiter were selected for the campaign and 32 patients (mean age, 40-years-old; 30 females) were operated. Bilateral goiter, as assessed with echography, was diagnosed in 13 patients (41%). Ten patients (31%) had a WHO grade II goiter (visible with the neck in a normal position). The surgical procedures were 18 unilateral thyroidectomy with isthmectomie, 13 total thyroidectomy, and 1 totalizing thyroidectomy, due to previous unilateral thyroidectomy (cancer recurrence). A pathological study in 13 patients (40%, extra cost 60 €) showed benign multinodular goiter/thyroid nodule (12 patients) and an extensive papillary carcinoma (one patient). Six months postoperatively, 3 patients had a slight dysphonia and one patient had persistent hypocalcemia. Follow-up was completed in all patients, either face to face (75%, 24 patients) or by phone (25%, 8 patients who failed to have a TSH test because of its cost, 23 €). Conclusions: Surgical campaigns to treat thyroid pathology can be carried out with guarantees if a series of important steps are followed: active participation of the patient's environment, thyroid ultrasound by the surgical team to decide which technique, intense awareness about monitoring and hormone replacement therapy, and the participation of local personnel for long-term follow-up.

Cumplimiento de los principios didácticos en dos departamentos del área básica de la Facultad de Medicina del Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara / Didactic principles accomplishing in two departments of basic sciences in the Faculty of Medicine of the Higher Medical Institute of Villa Clara

Se hace un análisis del cumplimiento de los principios Didácticos en los departamentos de Ciencias Fisiológicas y Ciencias Morfológicas de la Facultad de Medicina del Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara incluyendo las visitas a 15 conferencias impartidas, asi como la revisión de las actas de actividades metodológicas de dichos departamentos que abarcan las asignaturas de Embriología (1 actividad), Anatomía (4 actividades), Histología (3 actividades), Fisiología (3 actividades) y Bioquímica (4 actividades). Se llega a la conclusión de que existen dificultades en cuanto a la orientación de los Principios Didácticos en las actividades metodológicas, asi como en su cumplimiento en las conferencias impartidas por parte del algunos docentes visitados, a diferencias de otras que si cumplen con esa actividad. Se observa una adecuada orientación y ejecusion de algunos de estos Principios así como se aprecia una notable e insuficiente orientacion y aplicacion de otros