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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 118(44)2021 11 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34654739

RESUMO

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in over 100 million infections and millions of deaths. Effective vaccines remain the best hope of curtailing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, morbidity, and mortality. The vaccines in current use require cold storage and sophisticated manufacturing capacity, which complicates their distribution, especially in less developed countries. We report the development of a candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that is purely protein based and directly targets antigen-presenting cells. It consists of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor-binding domain (SpikeRBD) fused to an alpaca-derived nanobody that recognizes class II major histocompatibility complex antigens (VHHMHCII). This vaccine elicits robust humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Both young and aged mice immunized with two doses of VHHMHCII-SpikeRBD elicit high-titer binding and neutralizing antibodies. Immunization also induces strong cellular immunity, including a robust CD8 T cell response. VHHMHCII-SpikeRBD is stable for at least 7 d at room temperature and can be lyophilized without loss of efficacy.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19/imunologia , Vacinas contra COVID-19/farmacologia , COVID-19/imunologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Anticorpos Neutralizantes/biossíntese , Anticorpos Antivirais/biossíntese , Células Apresentadoras de Antígenos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Vacinas contra COVID-19/administração & dosagem , Camelídeos Americanos/imunologia , Feminino , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Imunidade Humoral , Imunização Secundária , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Transgênicos , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/imunologia , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Anticorpos de Domínio Único/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos de Domínio Único/imunologia , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/administração & dosagem , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/genética , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/imunologia
2.
J Immunol ; 207(5): 1468-1477, 2021 09 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34408009

RESUMO

Immuno-positron emission tomography (PET), a noninvasive imaging modality, can provide a dynamic approach for longitudinal assessment of cell populations of interest. Transformation of mAbs into single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-based PET imaging agents would allow noninvasive tracking in vivo of a wide range of possible targets. We used sortase-mediated enzymatic labeling in combination with PEGylation to develop an anti-mouse CD4 scFv-based PET imaging agent constructed from an anti-mouse CD4 mAb. This anti-CD4 scFv can monitor the in vivo distribution of CD4+ T cells by immuno-PET. We tracked CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in wild-type mice, in immunodeficient recipients reconstituted with monoclonal populations of OT-II and OT-I T cells, and in a B16 melanoma model. Anti-CD4 and -CD8 immuno-PET showed that the persistence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells transferred into immunodeficient mice improved when recipients were immunized with OVA in CFA. In tumor-bearing animals, infiltration of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased as the tumor grew. The approach described in this study should be readily applicable to convert clinically useful Abs into the corresponding scFv PET imaging agents.


Assuntos
Antígenos CD4/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Imunoterapia/métodos , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/imunologia , Melanoma/terapia , Monitorização Imunológica/métodos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/metabolismo , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Feminino , Memória Imunológica , Melanoma Experimental , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Anticorpos de Cadeia Única/metabolismo
3.
Cell Rep ; 33(13): 108553, 2020 12 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33378665

RESUMO

There is an increasing appreciation for the heterogeneity of myeloid lineages in the lung, but relatively little is known about populations specifically associated with the conducting airways. We use single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence to characterize myeloid cells of the mouse trachea during homeostasis and epithelial injury/repair. We identify submucosal macrophages, similar to lung interstitial macrophages, and intraepithelial macrophages. Following injury, there are early increases in neutrophils and submucosal macrophages, including M2-like macrophages. Intraepithelial macrophages are lost after injury and later restored by CCR2+ monocytes. We show that repair of the tracheal epithelium is impaired in Ccr2-deficient mice. Mast cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells are sources of interleukin-13 (IL-13) that polarize macrophages and directly influence basal cell behaviors. Their proximity to the airway epithelium establishes these myeloid populations as potential therapeutic targets for airway disease.


Assuntos
Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Epitélio/metabolismo , Homeostase , Macrófagos Alveolares/fisiologia , Células Mieloides/fisiologia , Receptores CCR2/metabolismo , Traqueia/metabolismo , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Citocinas/metabolismo , Epitélio/lesões , Feminino , Pulmão/metabolismo , Lesão Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Modelos Animais , Monócitos/metabolismo , Polidocanol , Receptores CCR2/genética , Regeneração , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Análise de Célula Única , Traqueia/lesões
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