RESUMO
The gut microbiome has been implicated in multiple human chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Determining its mechanistic role in disease has been difficult due to apparent disconnects between animal and human studies and lack of an integrated multi-omics view of disease-specific physiological changes. We integrated longitudinal multi-omics data from the gut microbiome, metabolome, host epigenome, and transcriptome in the context of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) host physiology. We identified IBS subtype-specific and symptom-related variation in microbial composition and function. A subset of identified changes in microbial metabolites correspond to host physiological mechanisms that are relevant to IBS. By integrating multiple data layers, we identified purine metabolism as a novel host-microbial metabolic pathway in IBS with translational potential. Our study highlights the importance of longitudinal sampling and integrating complementary multi-omics data to identify functional mechanisms that can serve as therapeutic targets in a comprehensive treatment strategy for chronic GI diseases. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/genética , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/metabolismo , Metaboloma , Purinas/metabolismo , Transcriptoma/genética , Animais , Ácidos e Sais Biliares/metabolismo , Biópsia , Butiratos/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida , Estudos Transversais , Epigenômica , Fezes/microbiologia , Feminino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Interações entre Hospedeiro e Microrganismos/genética , Humanos , Hipoxantina/metabolismo , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/genética , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/microbiologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Metaboloma/fisiologia , Camundongos , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Estudos Prospectivos , Software , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Transcriptoma/fisiologiaRESUMO
Replication initiator proteins (Reps) from the HUH-endonuclease superfamily process specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) sequences to initiate rolling circle/hairpin replication in viruses, such as crop ravaging geminiviruses and human disease causing parvoviruses. In biotechnology contexts, Reps are the basis for HUH-tag bioconjugation and a critical adeno-associated virus genome integration tool. We solved the first co-crystal structures of Reps complexed to ssDNA, revealing a key motif for conferring sequence specificity and for anchoring a bent DNA architecture. In combination, we developed a deep sequencing cleavage assay, termed HUH-seq, to interrogate subtleties in Rep specificity and demonstrate how differences can be exploited for multiplexed HUH-tagging. Together, our insights allowed engineering of only four amino acids in a Rep chimera to predictably alter sequence specificity. These results have important implications for modulating viral infections, developing Rep-based genomic integration tools, and enabling massively parallel HUH-tag barcoding and bioconjugation applications.