RESUMO
ATP-based bioluminescence using mutant firefly luciferase was combined with an immunochromatographic lateral flow test strip assay for Salmonella enteritidis detection. In this combination method, the Salmonella-antibody-gold complex captured at the test line on the test strip was lysed by heat-treatment, and the ATP released from the cells was measured using mutant luciferase. This method resulted in approximately 1,000 times higher sensitivity in the detection of Salmonella (i.e. 10(3) c.f.u./ml) compared to immunochromatographic lateral flow assay.
Assuntos
Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Medições Luminescentes , Salmonella enteritidis/isolamento & purificação , Trifosfato de Adenosina/análise , Cromatografia de Afinidade/métodos , Luciferases de Vaga-Lume/metabolismo , Salmonella enteritidis/química , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
An 80-year-old man presented at our hospital with renal failure. He had been treated with edoxaban, an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, for deep vein thrombosis for 10 months prior to admission. Although the pulses in his bilateral pedal arteries were palpable, cyanosis was present in the bilateral toes. Laboratory data indicated azotemia and eosinophilia. A skin biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of cholesterol crystal embolism (CCE). Because no invasive vascular procedure was performed, we assumed that CCE was related to edoxaban. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report suggesting CCE induced by an Xa inhibitor.
Assuntos
Embolia de Colesterol/induzido quimicamente , Embolia de Colesterol/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores do Fator Xa/efeitos adversos , Inibidores do Fator Xa/uso terapêutico , Piridinas/efeitos adversos , Piridinas/uso terapêutico , Insuficiência Renal/tratamento farmacológico , Tiazóis/efeitos adversos , Tiazóis/uso terapêutico , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dedos do Pé/fisiopatologia , Tretoquinol , Trombose Venosa/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The anthocyanin composition and antioxidant activity of the crowberry ( Empetrum nigrum) were studied. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with a diode array detector and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were used for identification and quantification of individual anthocyanins. Freeze-dried crowberry powder was extracted with 80% methanol containing 0.5% acetic acid and subjected to HPLC. Thirteen kinds of anthocyanins were identified. The major anthocyanins were cyanidin-3-galactoside and delphinidin-3-galactoside, at 8.04 and 8.62 mg/g extract, respectively. The HPLC profile of crowberry extract was similar to bilberry and blueberry. The total content of anthocyanins in crowberry was 41.8 mg/g extract, higher than the other nine major berry species (2.5-38.8 mg/g extract). The antioxidant activity was also evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethybenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical quenching assays and the ferric reducing activity power assy. Crowberry extract exerted the strongest antioxidant activity. In conclusion, individual anthocyanins in crowberry were identified and then quantified in this study. Additionally, crowberry is suggested to be associated with a reduction in the risk of developing chronic diseases because of its strong antioxidant activity.