Glutamic-acid grafted hyaluronic acid inhibits inflammatory factors via fibroblast and skin model tests.

BACKGROUND: Excessive inflammation may cause tissue damage and disrupt the function of the skin barrier. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an endogenous component, was found to regulate multiple inflammatory factors for skin health. This work aims to further enhance its efficacy by grafting amino acid onto its molecule. METHODS: Glutamic acid (Glu) was selected as the ligand to react with low-molecular-weight HA. Fibroblast tests and a 3D skin model were used to investigate the anti-inflammation efficacy of HA-Glu. RESULTS: For IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α, the grafted compound presents stronger inhibition ability versus native HA. Moreover, HA-Glu could promote the repair of damaged skin by improving the compactness of the stratum corneum and increasing the thickness of the living cell layer. CONCLUSION: The application of HA-Glu compound in skin care formulas would be effective to alleviate inflammation-induced skin symptoms and skin aging.

Synthesis, characterization, photophysics, and anion binding properties of platinum(ii) acetylide complexes with urea group.

A new class of platinum(ii) acetylide complexes with urea group, [Pt((t)Bu3tpy)(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CC6H4-4-NHC(O)NHC6H4-4-R)](OTf) ((t)Bu3tpy = 4,4',4''-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine; R = H (), Cl (), CF3 (), and NO2 ()), has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structures of , ·DMF·THF, ·CH3CN, and ·CH3CN have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Upon excitation at λ > 380 nm, the solid samples of complexes show orange light at 298 K. The anion binding properties of complexes have been studied by UV-vis titration experiments in CH3CN and DMSO. In general, the log K values of with the same anion in CH3CN depend on the substituent R on the acetylide ligand of and follow this order: R = NO2 () > CF3 () > Cl () > H (). For the same complex with different anions, the log K values are in the following order: F(-) > OAc(-) > Cl(-) > Br(-) ≈ HSO4(-) ≈ NO3(-) > I(-), which is in accordance with the decrease in the basicity of anions. Complex with NO2 group shows a dramatic colour change towards F(-) in DMSO, allowing the naked eye detection of F(-).