The Effect of Obesity on Repolarization and Other ECG Parameters.

Background: Overweight and obesity are important risk factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases. New repolarization markers, such as the Tpeak-Tend interval and JTpeak intervals, have not yet been profoundly studied in obese patients. The study aims to analyze whether, in patients with obesity and overweight, repolarization markers, including the Tpeak-Tend interval, are prolonged and simultaneously check the frequency of other ECG pathologies in a 12-lead ECG in this group of patients. Methods: A study group consisted of 181 adults (90 females and 91 males) with overweight and first-class obesity. The participants completed a questionnaire, and the ECG was performed and analyzed. Results: When analyzing the classic markers, only QT dispersion was significantly higher in obese people. The Tpeak-Tend parameter (97.08 ms ± 23.38 vs. 89.74 ms ± 12.88, respectively), its dispersion, and JTpeak-JTend parameters were statistically significantly longer in the obese group than in the controls. There were also substantial differences in P-wave, QRS duration, and P-wave dispersion, which were the highest in obese people. Tpeak-Tend was positively correlated with body mass and waist circumference, while JTpeak was with BMI, hip circumference, and WHR. Tpeak/JT was positively correlated with WHR and BMI. In backward stepwise multiple regression analysis for JTpeak-WHR, type 2 diabetes and smoking had the highest statistical significance. Conclusions: Only selected repolarization markers are significantly prolonged in patients with class 1 obesity and, additionally, in this group, we identified more pathologies of P wave as well as prolonged QRS duration.

The Prevalence of Arrhythmias, Including Premature Supraventricular and Ventricular Beats and Other Electrocardiographic Patterns, in 24-Hour Holter Monitoring in Patients with Overweight and Obesity.

OBJECTIVES: this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of various arrhythmias and other electrocardiographic patterns within the group of individuals with overweight and obesity. METHODS: One hundred eighty-one adults (90 females and 91 males) were qualified for inclusion in the experimental group. All participants had a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m2 (98 patients with obesity and 83 with overweight). The mean BMI in the obesity group was 33.6 kg/m2, and all participants had class 1 obesity. The control group comprised 69 individuals (56 females and 13 males) with normal BMI. The basic measurements were performed, and the participants filled out questionnaires describing their health conditions and lifestyles. Each participant underwent an electrocardiographic (ECG) examination and a 24 h Holter ECG examination. RESULTS: In patients with class 1 obesity compared to the control patients, the average numbers of premature ventricular beats (PVBs) and premature supraventricular beats (SPBs) were statistically significantly higher (p = 0.030 and p = 0.042). There was a positive correlation between body weight and PVB (p = 0.028) and between body weight and SPB (p = 0.028). Moreover, BMI and waist circumference were correlated with SPB (p = 0.043 and p = 0.031). In the backward stepwise multivariate regression model considering 24 h Holter ECG monitoring, concerning SPB as the dependent variable, it was observed that BMI (especially obesity class 1), type 2 diabetes, and thyroid disease exhibited the highest regression coefficients. CONCLUSIONS: obesity, even in class 1, might be a factor in a more frequent occurrence of abnormalities in electrocardiographic tests.

The COVID-19 mRNA BNT163b2 Vaccine Was Well Tolerated and Highly Immunogenic in Young Adults in Long Follow-Up after Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Sixty five patients (18-31 years) who had received allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (3-27 years from HSCT) were evaluated for the tolerance and immunogenicity of the COVID-19 mRNA BNT163b2 vaccine. Methods: Patients were vaccinated with two doses at 5 weeks interval. After each dose, patients completed a survey concerning adverse events (AE) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were measured before the first vaccine dose (1stVD) and 14-21 days after the second dose (2ndVD). AE reported after 1stVD and 2ndVD, respectively were: fever 0%, 1.7%; fatigue 15.4%, 25.8%; headache 15.4%, 24.1%; chills 6.1%, 12.0%; muscle pain 15.4%, 24.1%; joint pain 3.0%, 6.9%; nausea 6.1%, 6.9%; pain at injection site 30.7%, 34.4%; swelling 3.0%, 10.3%; redness 0, 3.4%; pruritus 0, 5.2%; and axillary lymphadenopathy 3.0%, 1.7%. After 2ndVD, 96.5% patients were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (GMC 3290.94 BAU/mL). No correlation presented between the antibody titer and symptoms of chronic Graft-versus-Host disease, total IgG, lymphocyte CD4+, or AE. Significantly higher titers were observed in COVID-19 convalescents, and inverse correlation (R2 = -0.0925, p = 0.02) between the time from HSCT and titers after 2ndVD was present. Conclusions: The young adults after HSCT tolerate the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine well and show immunologic response.