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PURPOSE: Defects in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) cause CF. Absence of the CFTR may result in skeletal muscle dysfunction. Here, we tested skeletal muscle function in male adolescent patients with CF. METHODS: Ten CF and 10 control participants (age: 16.8 ± 0.6 years) performed 7 repetitive sets of maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs) and underwent an isometric fatigue test of the knee extensors. Electromyography (EMG) activity was recorded from the m. vastus lateralis (VL) and m. vastus medialis (VM). RESULTS: In CF, the MVC torque was lower and correlated with the predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (r = .73, p = .012, n = 10). The M-wave in the VL was shorter in CF than in controls (18.6 ± 0.5 vs. 20.3 ± 0.5 ms, p < .028). In the VM, both the M-wave (4.96 ± 0.61 vs. 7.97 ± 0.60 mV, p = .001) and the EMG (0.29 ± 0.04 vs. 0.47 ± 0.04 mV, p = .004) amplitudes were smaller in CF. CONCLUSION: The differences in the VL and VM EMG signals between the groups indicate that the lower MVC torque in CF did not result from the direct impact of a CFTR defect on the sarcolemmal excitability; the differences more likely resulted from the less developed musculature in the patients with CF.
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Fibrose Cística/fisiopatologia , Fadiga Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Eletromiografia , Humanos , Contração Isométrica , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , TorqueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective randomized controlled trial was to investigate if a short-term endurance or combined endurance/resistance exercise program was sufficient to improve aerobic capacity and maximum force in adult patients (18-65 years) with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: All patients performed a three-month exercise program consisting of two training sessions per week, lasting 40 min each, with moderate intensity. All patients had a maximum value of 6 (low to moderate disability) on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). One group (combined workout group (CWG); 15 females, 4 males) completed a combined endurance/resistance workout (20 min on a bicycle ergometer, followed by 20 min of resistance training), while the other group (endurance workout group (EWG); 13 females, 5 males) completed a 40 min endurance training program. Aerobic capacity was assessed as peak oxygen uptake, ventilatory anaerobic threshold, and workload expressed as Watts. Maximum force of knee and shoulder extensors and flexors was measured using isokinetic testing. Quality of life was assessed with the SF-36 questionnaire, and fatigue was measured using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale. RESULTS: Both training groups increased in aerobic capacity and maximum force. EWG, as well as CWG, showed improvement in several subscales of the SF-36 questionnaire and decrease of their fatigue. CONCLUSION: A short exercise intervention increased both aerobic capacity and maximum force independent of whether endurance or combined endurance/resistance workouts were performed.
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Terapia por Exercício , Esclerose Múltipla/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Avaliação da Deficiência , Fadiga , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esclerose Múltipla/patologia , Força Muscular , Resistência Física , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the association between periodontal disease severity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in a cross-sectional study of sedentary men. MATERIALS & METHODS: Seventy-two healthy men (45-65 years) who did not join any sport activity and had a preferentially sitting working position were recruited. Periodontal status was recorded and CRF was measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak ) during exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Physical activity was assessed by a validated questionnaire and data were transformed to metabolic equivalent of task scores. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to investigate associations. RESULTS: Differences between VO2 peak levels in subjects with no or mild, moderate or severe periodontitis were statistically significant (p = 0.026). Individuals with low VO2 peak values showed high BMI scores, high concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and used more glucocorticoids compared to individuals with high VO2 peak levels. Multivariate regression analysis showed that high age (p = 0.090), high BMI scores (p < 0.001), low levels of physical activity (p = 0.031) and moderate (p = 0.087), respectively, severe periodontitis (p = 0.033) were significantly associated with low VO2 peak levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that moderate and severe periodontitis were independently associated with low levels of CRF in sedentary men aged between 45 and 65 years.
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Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Periodontite/classificação , Aptidão Física , Comportamento Sedentário , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Glicemia/análise , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Ergometria/métodos , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Coração/fisiologia , Humanos , Pulmão/fisiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Índice Periodontal , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Children's sedentary time has increased, while daily physical activity and motor performance have decreased. We evaluated an integrated school-based exercise program by assessing changes in motor skills after one year and comparing these changes to children who did not participate. We included 303 children from five schools in this longitudinal study and assigned them either to the exercise group (EG; n = 183 with daily exercise program) or the waiting group (WG; n = 120). Motor skills were assessed at baseline and after one year. Mixed modeling was used to analyze inter-group differences of change in motor skills and to determine the effect of sex, age group, and weight status. EG improved more strongly than WG for sprint, side jumps (both p = 0.017), stand and reach (p = 0.012), and ergometry (p ≤ 0.001) when compared to WG. Girls improved more strongly in the sit-ups than boys, second graders more than fifth graders in the backwards balance and the ergometry, and non-overweight children more in the standing long jump than overweight children. The exercise program is effective in increasing motor skills and physical fitness. Girls were not disadvantaged, and overweight children profited as much as their non-overweight peers in all categories but one.
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Exercício Físico , Aptidão Física , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Criança , Estudos Longitudinais , Teste de Esforço , Terapia por Exercício , Destreza MotoraRESUMO
Background: Iron deficiency is a common phenomenon in sports and may lead to impaired physical performance. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of iron deficiency in competitive athletes and to discuss the resulting consequences. Methods: The data of 629 athletes (339 male, 290 female) who presented for their annual basic sports medicine examination were investigated. Depending on age (<14 years, 15−17 years, ≥18−30 years), four groups ((I.) normal hemoglobin (Hb) and ferritin level (≥30 ng/mL for adults and 15−18-year-olds; ≥20 ng/mL, respectively, ≥15 ng/mL for adolescents and children), (II.) prelatent iron deficiency (ID) (normal Hb, low ferritin), (III.) latent ID (additionally elevated soluble transferrin receptor or decreased transferrin saturation) and (IV.) manifest anemia) were distinguished. In addition, the iron status and exercise capacity of different types of sports were compared. Results: Overall we found an iron deficiency of 10.9% in male (mainly in adolescence) and 35.9% in female athletes (emphasized in adolescence and young adulthood). There were no significant differences in iron status in regard to the different sport types or in maximum performance for the different groups of iron deficiency. Conclusions: Adolescent and female athletes are more likely to have an iron deficiency. Therapy concepts for athletes therefore should pay attention to iron-rich diets.
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Anemia Ferropriva , Deficiências de Ferro , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Anemia Ferropriva/epidemiologia , Anemia Ferropriva/diagnóstico , Atletas , Ferritinas , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Ferro/metabolismo , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Medical students are exposed to high cognitive demands as well as to a high learning effort, which as a consequence can lead to a limited quality of life (Qol) with reduced physical performance and unhealthy eating behaviors. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the abovementioned factors and their relationship to each other. METHODS: We included 380 medical students (167 men, 213 women, age 22.2 ± 3.9 yrs) who participated in the sports medicine elective subject. Qol was measured with the SF-36 questionnaire, and endurance capacity was measured by using an incremental running test. Daily dietary intake was measured using a 7-day diary protocol. Depending on sex and the maximum speed achieved, students were divided into three performance groups. RESULTS: Men achieved higher maximal speed, heart rate, and lactate. Carbohydrates and fat intake did not meet recommendations in either group. Dietary fibre intake differed significantly between the performance groups in men and women, with the better groups having higher intakes. CONCLUSIONS: Our data do not suggest increased risk or health-damaging behaviors in medical students compared with the general population. Irrespective of this, incentives should be set to enable a healthy life even during complex studies with a high learning effort.
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Estudantes de Medicina , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estado Nutricional , Aptidão FísicaRESUMO
In addition to drug therapy, lifestyle modification, including physical activity, and nutrition management are an integral part of current guidelines for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, evidence on which clinical parameters are most influenced by nutritional behaviour, exercise capacity, or iron status is scarce. For a multicenter intervention study, we included participants with diagnosed CHF (n = 165) as well as participants with elevated NT-proBNP values and risk factors for CHF (n = 74). Cardiorespiratory fitness was tested with a bicycle test, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) was assessed with the MDS questionnaire. Our data strengthened previous results confirming that the higher a person's adherence to MedDiet, the higher the cardiorespiratory fitness and the lower the body fat. Furthermore, our results showed that anemia in patients with CHF has an impact in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness, and functional outcomes by questionnaire. Since our data revealed gaps in iron supply (37.9% with iron deficiency), malnutrition (only 7.8% with high adherence to MedDiet), and both symptomatic and non-symptomatic study participants failed to meet reference values for physical performance, we encourage the enforcement of the guidelines in the treatment of CHF more strongly.
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Dieta Mediterrânea , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Humanos , Ferro , Tolerância ao Exercício , Composição Corporal , Doença CrônicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Poor dietary habits and low levels of physical activity (PA) have a strong tendency to track from childhood into adulthood. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is known to be extremely healthy, associated with lower BMI and a lower risk of obesity in children and adolescents. Therefore, adherence to the MD was compared between Spanish (n = 182) and German (n = 152) children aged 10 to 13 years to examine a possible more "westernized" diet in Spain with a non-Mediterranean country, that traditionally prefers a "Western diet" and to determine the association between adherence to the MD and gender, body composition, and PA levels. METHODS: In the German observational longitudinal cohort study and the Spanish cohort study, body composition and questionnaires (KIDMED, Diet Quality (IAES)) were obtained, and accelerometers (Actigraph) were applied to detect PA. RESULTS: Girls had higher BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) than boys and Spanish girls were less active than boys. Differences were detected in MD habits, such as favorable fruit-, vegetables-, fish-intakes, and dairy products in Spanish children and unfavorable consumptions of fast food, processed bakery goods, candies, and sweet beverages in German children. Independently of country, girls, children with lower BMI-SDS and children with higher PA level were related with better diet quality. CONCLUSION: Spanish children showed higher adherence to MD and diet quality (IAES) compared to German children, but there was a trend toward a more "westernized" diet. Gender, body composition, and PA influenced nutrition regardless of country.
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Dieta Mediterrânea , Obesidade Infantil , Humanos , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controle , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos de Coortes , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/prevenção & controle , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Inquéritos e Questionários , Instituições AcadêmicasRESUMO
Background: Electrically assisted bicycles (e-bikes) have become increasingly popular and may facilitate active commuting and recreational cycling. Objective: To evaluate the physical activity levels and usage characteristics of e-bikers and conventional cyclists under real-world conditions. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in Germany to examine the effects of e-biking compared with conventional cycling on reaching the World Health Organization (WHO) target for physical activity-at least 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week. Study participants (1250 e-bikers and 629 conventional bike users) were equipped with activity trackers to assess the time, distance and heart rate during cycling over four consecutive weeks. Questionnaires were used to assess any traffic accidents incurred over 12 months. Results: The proportion of participants reaching 150 min of MVPA per week was higher for conventional bike users than for e-bike users (35.0% vs 22.4%, p<0.001). In a multiple regression model, the odds of reaching the physical activity target were lower for e-biking than for conventional biking (OR=0.56; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.72) with age, sex, comorbidities and bike usage patterns as confounding factors. No significant differences were observed between bike groups for traffic accidents, yet when controlled for cycling time and frequency of cycling e-bikers had a higher risk of a traffic accident (OR=1.63; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.58). Conclusion: E-bikes are associated with a lower probability of reaching WHO targets for MVPA due to reduced duration and a reduced cardiovascular effort during riding. However, e-bikes might facilitate active transportation, particularly in older individuals or those with pre-existing conditions.
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BACKGROUND: Lifestyle changes are a cornerstone in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, evidence as to which components of the MetS and associated aspects of quality of life are driven by weight loss or improvements in exercise capacity are scarce. METHODS: Company employees (n = 302, 48.2 ± 8.2 years, BMI 33.2 ± 5.4 kg/m2) with diagnosed MetS were evaluated after a 6-month telemonitoring-supported intervention (counselling in nutrition and physical activity) or wait-list control (delayed start of the same intervention). RESULTS: Exercise capacity, body mass index (BMI), and MetS severity were improved after the intervention. Multivariable regression models revealed that changes in BMI were associated with changes in three components of MetS (waist circumference, triglycerides, blood glucose), whereas changes in exercise capacity only were associated to one MetS component change (systolic blood pressure) but also improvements in anxiety severity, aspects of quality of life, and work ability. CONCLUSIONS: Both physical activity promotion and diet should be part of a holistic treatment of patients with MetS. However, our data suggest that dietary-induced weight loss might be more successful when aiming at improving MetS risk factors, whereas focusing more on physical activity promotion might be preferred when targeting aspects in quality of life and mental health.
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Síndrome Metabólica , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Tolerância ao Exercício , Estilo de Vida , Circunferência da Cintura , Índice de Massa Corporal , Redução de PesoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events and high socioeconomic costs. Despite lifestyle interventions focusing on exercise are effective strategies to improve parameters of the above aspects, many programs fail to show sustained effects in the long-term. METHODS: At visit 2 (V2) 129 company employees with diagnosed MetS, who previously participated in a 6-month telemonitoring-supported exercise intervention, were randomized into three subgroups for a 6-month maintenance treatment phase. A wearable activity device was provided to subgroup A and B to assess and to track physical activity. Further subgroup A attended personal consultations with individual instructions for exercise activities. Subgroup C received neither technical nor personal support. 6 months later at visit (V3), changes in exercise capacity, MetS severity, work ability, health-related quality of life and anxiety and depression were compared between the subgroups with an analysis of variance with repeated measurements. RESULTS: The total physical activity (in MET*h/week) declined between visit 2 and visit 3 (subgroup A: V2: 48.0 ± 33.6, V3: 37.1 ± 23.0; subgroup B: V2: 52.6 ± 35.7, V3: 43.8 ± 40.7, subgroup C: V2: 51.5 ± 29.7, V3: 36.9 ± 22.8, for all p = 0.00) with no between-subgroup differences over time (p = 0.68). In all three subgroups the initial improvements in relative exercise capacity and MetS severity were maintained. Work ability declined significantly in subgroup C (V2: 40.3 ± 5.0, V3: 39.1 ± 5.7; p < 0.05), but remained stable in the other subgroups with no between-subgroup differences over time (p = 0.38). Health-related quality of life and anxiety and depression severity also showed no significant differences over time. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the maintenance of physical activity could not be achieved, most of the health related outcomes remained stable and above baseline value, with no difference regarding the support strategy during the maintenance treatment phase. Trial registration The study was completed as a cooperation project between the Volkswagen AG and the Hannover Medical School (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02029131).
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INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major health problem worldwide and the main risk factor for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Established treatment options are lifestyle interventions facilitating dietary change and increased physical activity. Here, we tested the effect of a telemonitoring-supported intervention on liver parameter of inflammation and fibrosis in individuals with MetS. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, parallel-group, and assessor-blind study performed in workers of the main Volkswagen factory (Wolfsburg, Germany). Volunteers with diagnosed MetS were randomly assigned (1:1) to a 6-month lifestyle intervention focusing on supervised, activity-tracker-guided exercise or to a waiting-list control group. This secondary analysis assessed the effect of the intervention on liver enzymes and MAFLD-related parameters. RESULTS: We screened 543 individuals between October 10, 2017, and February 27, 2018, of whom 314 were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 160) or control group (n = 154). Liver transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase significantly decreased after 6 months in the intervention group compared with the CG. Furthermore, an aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index score as a marker for liver fibrosis significantly decreased in the intervention group. These improvements were associated with changes in obesity and exercise capacity. DISCUSSION: A 6-month lifestyle intervention based on exercise training with individualized telemonitoring-based supervision led to improvements of liver inflammation and fibrosis in employees with MetS. Therefore, this intervention shows therapeutic potential for individuals at high risk of MAFLD (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03293264).
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Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Cirrose Hepática/terapia , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia , Obesidade/terapia , Telemetria/métodos , Adulto , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Alemanha , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Modelos Lineares , Fígado/patologia , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Dispositivos Eletrônicos VestíveisRESUMO
Pedelecs (e-bikes with electrical support up to 25 km·h-1) are important in active transportation. Yet, little is known about physiological responses during their everyday use. We compared daily pedelec (P) and bicycle (B) use to determine if pedelecs are a suitable tool to enhance physical activity. In 101 employees, cycling duration and intensity, heart rate (HR) during P and B were recorded via a smartphone app. Each recording period was a randomized crossover design and lasted two weeks. The ride quantity was higher in P compared to B (5.3 ± 4.3 vs. 3.2 ± 4.0 rides·wk-1; p < 0.001) resulting in a higher total cycling time per week for P (174 ± 146 min·wk-1) compared to B (99 ± 109 min·wk-1; p < 0.001). The mean HR during P was lower than B (109 ± 14 vs. 118 ± 17 bpm; p < 0.001). The perceived exertion was lower in P (11.7 ± 1.8 vs. 12.8 ± 2.1 in B; p < 0.001). The weekly energy expenditure was higher during P than B (717 ± 652 vs. 486 ± 557 metabolic equivalents of the task [MET]·min·wk-1; p < 0.01). Due to a sufficient HR increase in P, pedelecs offer a more active form of transportation to enhance physical activity.
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Ciclismo , Exercício Físico , Metabolismo Energético , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Esforço Físico , Meios de TransporteRESUMO
Guidelines recommend a healthy lifestyle and regularly physical activity (PA) after kidney transplantation (KTx). The KTx360° program is a multicenter, multisectoral, multimodal, telemedicine-based follow-up care program. Effects of the first COVID-19 wave restrictions on health-related quality of life and PA of supervised KTx360° patients were evaluated using an online questionnaire. Six hundred and fifty-two KTx360° patients were contacted via email and were asked to complete the Freiburg questionnaire of physical activity and the Short form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) online. Pre-pandemic and lockdown data were compared in 248 data sets. While sporting activity decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, basic and leisure activity increased, resulting in increased overall activity. The physical component scale of the SF-12 was in the low normal range before as well as during the pandemic, with a small but significant increase during the pandemic. The mental component scale showed normal values before and during pandemic with a small but statistically significant decrease. Our study supports the effectiveness of a telemedicine based program for KTx patient care in maintaining PA and quality of life during the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, further research and observation during the ongoing pandemic are required.
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Assistência ao Convalescente/métodos , COVID-19 , Exercício Físico , Transplante de Rim , Qualidade de Vida , Telemedicina , Humanos , PandemiasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders are associated with less productivity, earlier retirement, and more sick-days at the workplace. These associations also exist for patients with metabolic syndrome. For both, exercise is a generally recommended part of multimodal treatments. However, for individuals with metabolic syndrome, in which depression and anxiety is more prevalent and severe, evidence for the efficacy of exercise interventions is limited. METHODS: Company employees with diagnosed metabolic syndrome (n=314, age: 48 ± 8 yrs) were randomized to a 6-month exercise intervention (150 min per week) or wait-list control. Participants received individual recommendations for exercise activities by personal meetings, telephone, or via a smartphone app. Physical activities were supervised and adapted using activity monitor data transferred to a central database. Work ability (work ability index), depression severity and anxiety severity [hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS)], and health-related quality of live [short form 36 (SF-36)] were assessed. RESULTS: We included 314 subjects from which 287 finished the intervention. Total work ability, depression- and anxiety severity, and the mental component score of the SF-36 improved after 6 months exercise compared to controls. After baseline stratification for normal (HADS scores 0-7) and increased depression- and anxiety scores (HADS scores 8-21) individuals with increased severity scores had similar age, body composition, blood lipids, and cardiorespiratory fitness compared to those with normal scores, but lower total work ability and component sum scores of health-related quality of life. After 6 months total work ability increased in the exercise group compared to controls with the magnitude of the observed increase being significantly greater for subjects with increased depression- and anxiety severity at baseline compared to those with normal severity scores. CONCLUSIONS: A 6-month exercise intervention for company employees with metabolic syndrome showed strongest effects on self-perceived work ability in individuals with mild to severe depression- and anxiety severity. This suggests exercise programs offered to workers with metabolic syndrome not only reduces individual disease risk but may also reduce healthcare and employers costs arising from metabolic syndrome and mental disease conditions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03293264.
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OBJECTIVES: Patient-reported outcomes such as quality of life are gaining importance in the assessment of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The association of objectively measured physical activity and quality of life in patients with IBD has not been studied in depth. To investigate the association of disease-specific quality of life and physical activity as well as clinical and biochemical disease activity in patients with IBD. METHODS: A total of 91 patients with IBD were stratified into 4 groups (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, in remission and with moderate-severe activity, respectively) and evaluated in terms of disease-specific quality of life (Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire [IBDQ]), physical activity (accelerometry), body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), as well as clinical (Harvey-Bradshaw Index and Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index) and biochemical (C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin) parameters of disease activity. RESULTS: In patients with moderate-severe disease activity, the IBDQ was significantly lower as compared to patients in remission (Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.001). The physical activity level was higher in remission than in active disease (Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.05). The IBDQ was significantly correlated with the duration of strenuous physical activity per day (P = 0.029178, r = 0.235), skeletal muscle mass (P = 0.033829, r = 0.229), and biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein: P < 0.005, r = -0.335 and fecal calprotectin: P < 0.005, r = -0.385). DISCUSSION: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, disease-specific quality of life was significantly associated with accelerometrically determined physical activity and disease activity in patients with IBD. This may be related to a reciprocal impact of these factors (DRKS00011370).
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Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/reabilitação , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Qualidade de Vida , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Adulto , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/metabolismo , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/fisiopatologia , Complexo Antígeno L1 Leucocitário/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a predisposing factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disease, but also has socioeconomic relevance by affecting the health and productivity of workers. We tested the effect of regular telemonitoring-supported physical activity on metabolic syndrome severity and work ability in company employees. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomised, parallel-group, and assessor-blind study done in workers in the main Volkswagen factory (Wolfsburg, Germany). Volunteers with diagnosed metabolic syndrome according to American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria were randomly assigned (1:1) to a 6-month lifestyle intervention focusing on regular exercise (exercise group), or to a waiting-list control group, using a computer-based assignment list with variable block length. Participants in the exercise group received individual recommendations for exercise at face-to-face meetings and via a smartphone application, with the aim of doing 150 min physical activity per week. Activities were supervised and adapted using activity-monitor data, which were transferred to a central database. Participants in the control group continued their current lifestyle and were informed about the possibility to receive the supervised intervention after study completion. The primary outcome was the change in metabolic syndrome severity (metabolic syndrome Z score) after 6 months in the intention-to treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03293264, and is closed to new participants. FINDINGS: 543 individuals were screened between Oct 10, 2017, and Feb 27, 2018, of whom 314 (mean age 48 years [SD 8]) were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (n=160; exercise group) or to a waiting list (n=154; control group). The mean metabolic syndrome Z score for the exercise group was significantly reduced after the 6-month intervention period (0·93 [SD 0·63] before and 0·63 [0·64] after the intervention) compared with the control group (0·95 [0·55] and 0·90 [0·61]; difference between groups -0·26 [95% CI -0·35 to -0·16], p<0·0001). We documented 11 adverse events in the exercise group, with only one event (a twisted ankle) regarded as directly caused by the intervention. INTERPRETATION: A 6-month exercise-focused intervention using telemonitoring systems reduced metabolic syndrome severity. This form of intervention shows significant potential to reduce disease risk, while also improving mental health, work ability, and productivity-related outcomes for employees at high risk for cardiovascular and metabolic disease. FUNDING: Audi BKK health insurance and the German Research Foundation through the Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH.
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Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia , Doenças Profissionais/terapia , Telemetria/métodos , Desempenho Profissional/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Análise de Intenção de Tratamento , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/fisiopatologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Método Simples-Cego , Resultado do Tratamento , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
Research regarding whole body vibration training (WBVT) and its practical use may be hindered by the fact that WBVT devices generate frequencies and/or modes of vibration different from their preset adjustments. This research aimed to clarify whether prolonged regular use can generate such deviations in frequency and mode of vibration. Three WBVT devices, each used for approximately 13 months in two research projects, were tested with an accelerometer before start of the 1st study, after four months, and after 13 months (the completion of the 2nd study). Divergences between the preset and measured frequencies were calculated for all measurements. Furthermore, the total harmonic distortion (THD), an index for signal deviations from a perfect sine wave, and the sum signal-to-modulation-noise-ratio (SMNR), an indicator of fidelity, were recorded. One device had a significantly larger machine run time than the other two, and it displayed the most pronounced signs of impaired function concerning frequency, mode of vibration, and random variability (SMNR) after prolonged use. These results indicate that prolonged use will result in divergences between the preset and actual applied frequencies as well as in the mode of vibration and other accuracy measurements.
Assuntos
Vibração , Controle de Qualidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Congenital clubfoot is one of the most common limb disorders in humans and its etiology is still unclear. In order to better understand the pathogenesis of patients with primary clubfoot, we examined whether there are quantitative changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM; based on common interstitial collagens [C] like CI and CIII, microfilamentous collagens like CVI, noncollagenous proteins like undulin, and enzymes like matrixmetalloproteinase [MMP]-2 and tissue inhibitor of matrixmetalloproteinase [TIMP]-2 that are known to play a role in fibrogenesis and fibrolysis) of muscles involved in the foot deformity of patients with primary clubfoot corresponding to fibrosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients (age ranging from 4 months to 5 years and 7 months) with primary clubfoot were examined (23 male and 7 female patients), among whom 18 patients were affected on one side and 12 affected on both sides. Twenty-five biopsies were taken during the first operative foot correction (Crawford-McKay) and 5 in the context of relapses. Muscle biopsies were taken from the muscles involved in the defect (Musculus [M.] gastrocnemius and M. tibialis anterior) and from the M. vastus lateralis of the M. quadriceps femoris, which were treated as healthy comparison muscles. Quantitative analysis of the components of the ECM was performed using a computer-assisted fibrosis measurement of the immunohistochemically processed tissue samples. RESULTS: We found higher values for M. gastrocnemius for CI, CIII, CVI and undulin in comparison with M. vastus lateralis. However, values for TIMP-2 were reduced. We found no significant differences for the components of M. tibialis anterior and M. vastus lateralis. There were no quantitative differences between male and female or between patients affected on one side and both sides. In patients who underwent relapse surgery, CI, CIII, CVI, and undulin of the gastrocnemius were significantly higher, while TIMP-2 was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: In the present study, we found manifest fibrosis in gastrocnemius due to quantitative changes in the ECM. In contrast to other studies, we found increasing fibrosis not just in contracted tissues but also in the muscle itself. Further studies are needed to clarify whether these changes are primarily responsible for the malfunction or whether they occur secondarily in the consequence of the dysfunction.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Sarcopenia leads to physical function impairment and at least to increasing all-cause mortality. There are notes on reduced muscle mass in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Whether an exercise intervention counteracts low muscle mass in patients with MDD has not been studied so far. Therefore, our study aimed at examining effects of regular aerobic exercise training on muscle mass in patients with MDD. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Thirty inpatients with MDD were included in the study, of which 20 received an additional supervised exercise program. Ten patients obtained treatment as usual. Muscle mass was measured using MRI before and 6 weeks after the training period (3 times per week for 45 minutes). RESULTS: We found a significant effect of the exercise intervention on the amount of muscle mass depending on age, body mass index, and the physical activity score (P=0.042). CONCLUSION: Among other positive effects, regular exercise increases muscle mass in patients with MDD and, therefore, should be recommended as an additional treatment tool.