Secondary primary lung cancer after esophageal cancer: a population-based study of 44,172 patients.

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to assess the survival, incidence, and characteristics of secondary primary lung cancer (SPLC) after esophageal cancer (EC-LC). METHODS: The patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who developed SPLC and patients with first primary lung cancer (LC-1) were retrospectively reviewed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registries covering 2000-2016. Overall survival and characteristics were compared between patients with EC-LC and patients with LC-1. The independent relation between a history of EC and death was evaluated by calculating hazard ratios in multivariate Cox regression analysis propensity score-matching analysis, and multiple imputation for cases with missing information. RESULTS: In comparison with the general population, the patients with EC had a higher risk for developing secondary primary lung cancer (SIR =1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.69-2.05). A history of EC was found to be an independent risk factor of death for lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients in localized stage based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, propensity score-matching analysis and multiple imputation. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significantly increased risk of secondary primary lung cancer in EC survivors and a history of EC adversely affects overall survival in individuals who subsequently develop localized LUSC and LUAD. Clinicians should moderately strengthen lung tissue protection during the management of EC patients.

Exciton Polaritons in Emergent Two-Dimensional Semiconductors.

The "marriage" of light (i.e., photon) and matter (i.e., exciton) in semiconductors leads to the formation of hybrid quasiparticles called exciton polaritons with fascinating quantum phenomena such as Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) and photon blockade. The research of exciton polaritons has been evolving into an era with emergent two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and photonic structures for their tremendous potential to break the current limitations of quantum fundamental study and photonic applications. In this Perspective, the basic concepts of 2D excitons, optical resonators, and the strong coupling regime are introduced. The research progress of exciton polaritons is reviewed, and important discoveries (especially the recent ones of 2D exciton polaritons) are highlighted. Subsequently, the emergent 2D exciton polaritons are discussed in detail, ranging from the realization of the strong coupling regime in various photonic systems to the discoveries of attractive phenomena with interesting physics and extensive applications. Moreover, emerging 2D semiconductors, such as 2D perovskites (2DPK) and 2D antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductors, are surveyed for the manipulation of exciton polaritons with distinct control degrees of freedom (DOFs). Finally, the outlook on the 2D exciton polaritons and their nonlinear interactions is presented with our initial numerical simulations. This Perspective not only aims to provide an in-depth overview of the latest fundamental findings in 2D exciton polaritons but also attempts to serve as a valuable resource to prospect explorations of quantum optics and topological photonic applications.

Cutting-Edge Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: Celebrating the 130th Anniversary of Wuhan University.

Thanks to the fast-paced progress of microscopic theories and nanotechnologies, a tremendous world of fundamental science and applications has opened up at the nanoscale. Ranging from quantum physics to chemical and biological mechanisms and from device functionality to materials engineering, nanoresearch has become an essential part of various fields. As one of the top universities in China, Wuhan University (WHU) aims to promote cutting-edge nanoresearch in multiple disciplines by leveraging comprehensive academic programs established throughout 130 years of history. As visible in prestigious scientific journals such as ACS Nano, WHU has made impactful advancements in various frontiers, including nanophotonics, functional nanomaterials and devices, biomedical nanomaterials, nanochemistry, and environmental science. In light of these contributions, WHU will be committed to serving talents and scientists wholeheartedly, fully supporting international collaborations and continuously driving innovative research.

A Matching Study on the Influence of Advertised Information Expression and Product Type on Consumer Purchase Intention.

Due to extensive product differentiation and the personalized aesthetic needs of consumers, modern enterprises need different expressions of information to attract consumers' interest and improve their purchase intention. This study draws from the elaboration likelihood model, anchoring theory, and media richness theory to explore how the expression of advertised information can be effectively matched to the product type to enhance consumers' purchase intention. The mediating effect of information-processing fluency and moderating effect of consumers' personal involvement on this relationship is also explored. Data from experiments and questionnaires involving 1,292 participants were analyzed. The results show that direct expression of advertised information is more suitable for advertising search products, while metaphorical expressions of advertised information are more suitable for advertising experience products. These combinations of product type and expression of advertised information can effectively improve consumers' purchase intention. Meanwhile, the main combined effect of the product type and expression of advertised information is mediated by consumers' information-processing fluency, and moderated by consumers' personal involvement positively.

Incidence and distribution of advanced colorectal adenomas in patients undergoing colonoscopy for screening, surveillance, and symptoms.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and distribution of advanced colorectal adenomas (ACAs) in Chinese population. METHODS: The patients who were referred to receive a colonoscopy were divided into three subgroups of screening, surveillance, and symptomatic, and then they were selected based on their indications. The symptomatic subgroup was further broken down into the alarm and non-alarm categories. The location and morphology of all colorectal lesions were both investigated and recorded. RESULTS: There were significantly more patients with ACAs in the symptomatic subgroup compared to the screening or surveillance subgroup (11.0% vs 4.1%, P<0.001; 11.0% vs 4.6%, P=0.006). No differences were found in the ACA frequency between the alarm and non-alarm categories (11.7% vs 9.7%, P=0.056). One observation was that in the symptomatic subgroup, distal lesions were more likely to contain ACAs than proximal ones (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.15, P=0.024). It was also noted that nonpolypoid lesions had significantly higher amounts of ACAs in the symptomatic subgroup (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.48-2.94, P<0.001) than the other groups. CONCLUSION: The incidence of ACAs was higher in patients undergoing a colonoscopy due to their symptoms, compared to the incidence in those who underwent the procedure for screening or surveillance purposes. Additionally, more attention should be focused on distal and nonpolypoid lesions to improve the detection rate of ACAs.

miR-125a-5p suppresses colorectal cancer progression by targeting VEGFA.

BACKGROUND: MiR-125a-5p has been reported to be involved in the development and progression of various cancers. However, the biological function and underlying mechanisms in colorectal cancer(CRC) still remain unclear. Here, we explored the potential biological roles of miR-125a-5p in CRC. METHODS: The expression of miR-125a-5p was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), biological functions of miR-125a-5p were assessed by cell counting kit-8, wound-healing, transwell invasion, and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation assays in vitro and animal experiments in vivo. RESULTS: We found that miR-125a-5p was downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, it inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and reduced the ability of HUVECs to form tubes. Moreover, we verifed that miR-125a-5p suppressed CRC growth and metastasis in vivo. Additionally, we showed that VEGFA, a direct target gene of miR-125a-5p, could reverse the inhibitory effect caused by miR-125a-5p overexpression. CONCLUSION: miR-125a-5p might serve as a tumor suppressor in CRC and could be regarded as a potential therapeutic candidate for CRC.

[Optical limiting response in Er3+-doped TeO2-Nb2O5-ZnO glass].

Nonlinear optical properties of Er+ doped heavy metal telluride glass were studied by picosecond laser pulses. The optical limiting response was measured by a transmission technique, and the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) by a Z-scan technique. When the incident power reached the threshold, the tranmitted power did not grow rapidly with the incident power as before, but remained almost constant. It means that the Er3+ -doped glass possesses an optical limiting effect. The experimental results show that the excited absorption is responsible for the measured RSA, resulting in optical limiting response. The measured data can be well simulated by a rate equation model to obtain the absorption cross sections of the excited state.