Nucleophilic Hydroxylation in Water Media Promoted by a Hexa-Ethylene Glycol-Bridged Dicationic Ionic Liquid.

Hexaethylene glycol bis(3-hexaethylene glycol imidazolium) dimesylate ionic liquid (hexaEG-DHIM) was designed and prepared as a highly efficient promoter for the nucleophilic hydroxylation of alkyl halides to the corresponding alcohol products in neat water media. It was observed that hexaEG-DHIM promoter enhanced the nucleophilicity of water significantly in the reaction. In addition, the hexaEG-DHIM could be reused several times without loss of activity. Moreover, the hydroxylation reactions of base-sensitive and/or polar alkyl halide substrates proceeded highly chemoselectively in excellent yields.

Slow vibrational relaxation drives ultrafast formation of photoexcited polaron pair states in glycolated conjugated polymers.

Glycol sidechains are often used to enhance the performance of organic photoconversion and electrochemical devices. Herein, we study their effects on electronic states and electronic properties. We find that polymer glycolation not only induces more disordered packing, but also results in a higher reorganisation energy due to more localised π-electron density. Transient absorption spectroscopy and femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy are utilised to monitor the structural relaxation dynamics coupled to the excited state formation upon photoexcitation. Singlet excitons are initially formed, followed by polaron pair formation. The associated structural relaxation slows down in glycolated polymers (5 ps vs. 1.25 ps for alkylated), consistent with larger reorganisation energy. This slower vibrational relaxation is found to drive ultrafast formation of the polaron pair state (5 ps vs. 10 ps for alkylated). These results provide key experimental evidence demonstrating the impact of molecular structure on electronic state formation driven by strong vibrational coupling.