[Modern aspects of organ-preserving surgery for laryngeal cancer]. / Sovremennye aspekty organosokhranyayushchei khirurgii raka gortani.

A review of the literature on modern aspects of organ-preserving surgery for laryngeal cancer - endolaryngeal and open resections - is presented. The indications for these operations are determined depending on the location and extent of the tumor, as well as on the anatomical features. The advantages and disadvantages of each method, complications, functional and oncological results are shown.

[Endolaryngeal resection of the larynx for adenocystic cancer]. / Endolaringeal'naya rezektsiya gortani pri adenokistoznom rake.

Adenocystic carcinoma accounts for 3-5% of all malignant neoplasms of the head and neck organs. Due to the rarity of detecting this cancer in the larynx, treatment options are still controversial: surgery with postoperative radiation therapy or surgery alone. Patient A., 64 years old, turned to the City Clinical Oncological Hospital No. 1 in October 2019 with complaints of moderate pain when swallowing, sensation of a foreign body. Fibrolaryngoscopy revealed an exophytic form of growth bright red color formation with a small tuberous surface up to 12 mm in size in the area of the free left edge of the epiglottis. There was a thickening of the pharyngeal-epiglottis fold. Histological examination revealed adenocystic cancer. Diagnosed with Laryngeal cancer with cT1N0M0. On December 23, 2019, endolaryngeal resection of the larynx was performed using an operating microscope in the volume R0. This observation is of interest both in morphological terms (extremely rarely detected cancer of the larynx) and in terms of treatment (an organ-preserving operation was performed - endolaryngeal resection of the larynx).

[The algorithm for rehabilitation of the patients presenting with laryngeal cancer following open functionally sparing operations].

The objective of the present study was to increase the efficiency of the treatment of the patients presenting with laryngeal cancer by the enhancement of the functional reserve of the preserved portion of the larynx and the prevention of the narrowing of its lumen. Another objective was to develop an algorithm for the rehabilitation of the patients with laryngeal localization of the tumour following open functionally sparing operations that consists of the operative and postoperative stages. During the period from 2006 to 2014, a total of 71 patients underwent functionally sparing operations. 66 of them were operated for laryngeal cancer, 1 for thyroid cancer spreading over trachea and larynx, 3 for papillomatosis. Resection of the larynx in the vertical and horizontal planes was performed in 62 and 9 patients respectively. Vertical plane surgery included the following procedures: fronto-lateral resection of the larynx in 51 patients, extended fronto-lateral resection in 10, and combined resection in 1 patient. It is concluded that the systemic approach to the treatment of the patients with laryngeal cancer and the proposed algorithm for their rehabilitation made it possible to restore the laryngeal function in 68 of the 71 patients (95.8%).

[Prospects for using hydroxyethyl starch in the complex of intensive care during interhospital transportation of critically ill patients with polytrauma].

The paper analyzes the results of a comparative study of different infusion therapy modalities in victims with polytrauma during transportation to a specialized traumatological center. A combination of crystalloids and dextrans was applied to a control group and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 was used in a study group. The evaluation criteria were the maintenance of stable hemodynamic parameters during transportation; a negative effect on hemostatic parameters and a preventive effect against the development of multiple organ dysfunction during transportation. Infusion therapy using HES has an advantage by all the parameters estimated.

[Reconstructive-plastic operations using microsurgical techniques in oncology]. / Rekonstruktivno-plasticheskie operatsii s mikrokhirurgicheskoi tekhnikoi v onkologii.

With the successful development of combined treatment of malignant tumors, the performance of organ-preserving operations, those with microsurgical techniques among others, is now possible. Ninety-five patients with various localization of the tumors were operated on. Esophagoplasty using a graft from the greater curvature of the stomach with venous shunting, and segmental esophagoplasty with the small intestine were conducted in 63 patients, plastics of the lower limb in 25 patients, and plastics of the organs of the head and neck in 7 patients. Vascular complications were encountered in 11.5%. The grafts healed completely in 93.7%. Preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the main complicating factors. Microsurgical techniques make it possible to expand the radicalism of the operations and improve the rehabilitation of oncological patients. Clear-cut indications for such operations must be taken properly into account.

[Radical surgery for removing a malignant tumor of the temporal bone with extra- and intracranial involvement]. / Radikal'naia operatsiia udaleniia zlokachestvennoi opukholi piramidy visochnoi kosti s ékstra- i intrakranial'nym rasprostraniem.

The paper presents a clinical case of combined therapy for adenocystic carcinoma of the petrous pyramid. The basic stages of treatment were preoperative radiation, tumor block resection, and postoperative radiation therapy. Based on the discussion of data available in the literature and on the case presented, practical guidelines for treatment policy are given. Such basic guidelines are as follows:--a lingering drug-unresponsible inflammatory process may be a manifestation of cancer diseases;--if there are clinical and diagnostic signs of neoformation, biopsy of a tumor (tissue under suspicion) is the basic premedical measure;--treatment policy combines different methods of multimodality treatment, but if there is an epithelial tumor, treatment should be started with radio- and/or chemotherapy.

[Autotransplantation of a double-bone-muscle-skin flap in the one-step segmental resection and plastic repair of distal segments of the extremities in cancer patients]. / Autotransplantatsiia bikostno-myshechno-kozhnogo loskuta pri odnomomentnoi segmentarnoi rezektsii i plastike distal'nykh segmentov konechnostei u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

This article describes a biosteodermomuscular flap formation. The flap contains parts of VIII-IXribs, the broadest muscle of the back and a musculus serratus anterior. This method has been successfully used for a one-step segmental resection and microsurgical plastic operations on distal parts of extremities in five patients with malignant tumors of soft tissues.

[Hemosorption in the complex treatment of patients with suppurative arthritis]. / Gemosorbtsiia v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh gnoinymi artritami.

The authors make an analysis of their experiences with the treatment of 47 patients with purulent arthritis. They recommend to include hemosorption for detoxication in the postoperative period.

[Prevention and treatment of pneumonia in infectious complications of trauma]. / Profilaktika i lechenie pnevmonii pri infektsionnykh oslozhneniiakh travmy.

Based on the examination and treatment of 79 patients with traumas the authors consider ventilation exercises to be necessary for prevention of pneumonia.