[THE EXPERIENCE OF ANAESTHESIA MANAGEMENT FOR SENSING OF NASOLACRIMAL DUCT IN CHILDREN].

Despite low invasiveness, lacrimal passages, intubation in children requires general anaesthesia to prevent traumatic and neurological complications. General anaesthesia with sevoflurane is optimal for technical simplicity, safety and controllability. Methods of face mask inhalation anesthesia with halothan and sevoflurane were compared in 996 patients. The authors have developed their own standart of performing the face mask inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane in children during lacrimal passages intubation. This allowed to minimize the number of intra- and postoperative complications in children, to reduce period of postanesthetic observation, to advance the peroral compensation of fluid deficit.

[Clinical and psychological mechanisms involved in the formation of syndromes of delusional and overvalued constructions].

AIM: The identification of clinical-psychopathological and pathopsychological components involved in the formation of syndromes of delusional and overvalued constructions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Authors examined 93 subjects using experimental psychological techniques for detection of cognitive styles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A specific combination of phenomenological disorders and cognitive style characteristics in different types of delusional (sensual, imaginative and interpretive) and delusion-like (overvalued) states has been singled out. It has been shown that a specific combination of different cognitive-motivational controllers of intellectual process underlies the mechanisms of these disorders. It is a basis for the formation of specific structures of pathological personal meanings with the dominance of imaginative or ideational patterns or deformations of the semantic significance of the stimuli.

[Impulse control disorders in adolescence]. / Rasstroistva vlechenii v podrostkovom vozraste.

This is an attempt of precise definition of the notion "drive disorders". An original definition is offered which differentiated these from related states. Based on the analysis of 76 clinical investigations, some general age-related features were found in the clinical pictures of the disorders, the systematics of their course was given, the criteria of expert evaluation derived. The relation of drive disorders to other adolescent psychopathology was stressed.

[Disorders of psychosexual maturation in adolescents with residual organic deficiency]. / Narusheniia psikhoseksual'nogo sozrevaniia u podrostkov s rezidual'no-organicheskoi nedostatochnost'iu.

The paper is concerned with disorders of psychosexual maturity in adolescents (n-70). For that purpose in view a comparative nosological study of the early residual organic psychopathlike conditions (46 cases) and of organic psychopathies (24 cases) formed during the pubertal crisis was done at a forensic psychiatry hospital. According to the data obtained in the majority of the test subjects, there occurred asynchronisms of puberty (80%). Unlike group II (organic psychopathy) where disharmonic puberty was predominant, retarded puberty was recorded most frequently in group I. The main variants of psychosexual maturity were distinguished within the framework of the forms indicated: 2 variants in retardation and 6 variants in disharmonic puberty. Disharmonic puberty, then retarded puberty and pubertas precox were found to be dangerous for the onset of sexual disorders (perversions, deviations). Expert criteria for assessing the depth of sexual disorders were specified in addition. The new data obtained are of importance of both general and forensic psychiatry.

[Small intestine intubation for treatment of patients with peritonitis and intestinal obstruction]. / Intubatsiia tonkoi kishki pri lechenii bol'nykh s peritonitom i kishechnoi neprokhodimost'iu.

The analysis of 36 case records of patients with peritonitis (n = 12) and intestinal obstruction (n = 24) is presented. Nasogastrointestinal intubation of the small bowel was used in combined treatment. The aims, indications and contraindications for the intubation are formulated. Bacteriologic and biochemical parameters of bowel content were studied. It was established that the quantity of enterobacteria and unfermenting gram-negative bacteria was increased in intestinal paresis, the alkaline phosphatase, amylase, bilirubin, transaminase, a potassium content were increased as well. For the tube to function from the first hours after its introduction it should be periodically properly washed with sodium hypochlorite in concentration 300 mg/l.

[The prevalence of disseminated sclerosis in the southern region of Ukraine]. / Rasprostranennost' rasseiannogo skleroza v iuzhnom regione Ukrainy.

Some aspects were studied of the occurrence of disseminated sclerosis (DS) in the south of Ukraine (Odessa and Nikolaev Provinces) with special reference to geoclimatic, ecological and ethnic factors over the period 1992-1993, DS incidence was noted to be on the increase in the region, which fact permits classifying the South territories of Ukraine as a zone with moderate DS prevalence. Data are submitted on nonuniformity of distribution of frequency of DS cases on the territory in question. Lineage was traced to the climatic-and-geographic factors of the region, locality one lives in as well as to sex and race.

[Clinical experience in the use of epidural blockade in complex anesthesia in cardiac surgical interventions]. / Klinicheskii opyt primeneniia épidural'noi blokady v komplekse anesteziologicheskogo obespecheniia kardiokhirurgicheskikh vmeshatel'stv.

A total of 326 patients were operated on the heart under total and combined epidural anesthesia. Multicomponent total anesthesia in combination with epidural blocking is indicated for patients with coronary disease, aortal and mitral valve failure, arterial and pulmonary hypertension. The dose of fentanyl is decreased 2.98 times, duration of forced ventilation of the lungs 2-fold, and the incidence of cardiovascular and pulmonary complications is reduced in patients subjected to cardiosurgical interventions under total anesthesia in combination with epidural blocking.