Study of Flow and Zinc Dross Removal in Hot-Dip Galvanizing with Combined Traveling Magnetic Field.

The removal of zinc dross, which continuously generates and partially floats on a molten zinc surface, has been a persistent challenge during hot-dip galvanizing. Herein, a three-dimensional mathematical model coupled with the electromagnetic field, flow field and air-knife jet flow was established to investigate the flow and zinc dross removal in a zinc pot. Two types of traveling magnetic field combined modes (Mode 1 and Mode 2) were compared. The surface dross removal efficiency was introduced to evaluate the ability of the zinc flow field to compel the movement of zinc dross. The research findings indicate that, in comparison to the influence of strip steel line speed, both the electromagnetic field and air-knife jet have a more pronounced effect on altering the flow characteristics of a molten zinc at surface. The dross removal efficiency for Mode 1 is much far superior to that of Mode 2. With an increase in the driving current, the dross removal efficiency increases while the excessive driving current cannot promote the dross removal efficiency significantly.

Strong-Yet-Ductile Eutectic Alloys Employing Cocoon-Like Nanometer-Sized Dislocation Cells.

Eutectic alloys (EAs) with superior fluidity are known to be the easiest to cast into high-quality ingots, making them the alloys of choice for making large-sized structural parts. However, conventional EAs (CEAs) have never reached strength-ductility combinations on par with the best in other alloy categories. Via thermomechanical processing of cast Ni-32.88wt%Fe-9.53wt%Al CEAs, a cocoon-like nano-meshed (as fine as 26 nm) network of dislocations (CNN-D) is produced via recovery annealing, through the rearrangement of cold-work-accumulated dislocations anchored by dense pre-existing nanoprecipitates. In lieu of traditional plasticity mechanisms, such as TWIP and TRIP, the CNN-D is particularly effective in eutectic lamellae with alternating phases, as it instigates nanometer-spaced planar slip bands that not only dynamically refine the microstructure but also transmit from the FCC (face-centered-cubic) layers into the otherwise brittle B2 layers. These additional mechanisms for strengthening and strain hardening sustain stable tensile flow, resulting in a striking elevation of both strength and ductility to outrank not only all previous CEAs, but also the state of the art-additively manufactured eutectic high-entropy alloys. The CNN-D thus adds a novel microstructural strategy for performance enhancement, especially for compositionally complex alloys that increasingly make use of nanoprecipitates or local chemical order.

Influence of M-EMS on Fluid Flow and Initial Solidification in Slab Continuous Casting.

A mathematical model coupled with electromagnetic field has been developed to simulate the transient turbulence flow and initial solidification in a slab continuous casting mold under different electromagnetic stirring (EMS) currents and casting speeds. Through comparing the magnetic flux density, flow field with measured results, the reliability of the mathematical model is proved. The uniform index of solidified shell thickness has been introduced to judge the uniformity of the solidified shell. The results show that a horizonal recirculation flow has been generated when EMS is applied, and either accelerated or decelerated regions of flow field are formed in the liquid pool. Large EMS current and low casting speed may cause the plug flow near the mold narrow face and a suitable EMS current can benefit to the uniform growth of solidified shell. Meanwhile, an industrial test exhibits that EMS can weaken the level fluctuation and number density of inclusion. Overall, a rational EMS current range is gained, when the casting speed is 1.2 m/min, the rational EMS current is 500-600 A.

Computation of Equilibrium Bilayer Monodisperse Foam Structures Using the Surface Evolver.

The Surface Evolver is used to minimize the surface energy of two ordered structures for bilayer monodisperse wet foams with arbitrary liquid fraction. Previous researchers have found a reversible structural transition in bilayer monodisperse foams by changing the foam liquid fraction in a physical experiment. We simulated this phenomenon by analyzing the interfacial energy of two bilayer foam systems with varying liquid fractions. The calculations reported here show that the Tóth structure is energy minimizing when the liquid fraction is below a critical value, around 2.26%, above which point the honeycomb structure becomes preferable, although the Tóth structure remains metastable.