RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the tooth size discrepancy and Bolton's ratios between male and female subjects with a Class I malocclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The digital e-models of 100 male and 100 female 12-year-old southern Chinese children with a Class I malocclusion were selected. The mesiodistal widths from permanent first molar to the contralateral side first molar of the upper and lower dentitions were measured. Differences between the tooth size discrepancy, together with the anterior and overall Bolton's ratios between male and female subjects, were assessed using a two-sample t-test. A paired t-test was used to determine differences between antimetric pairs of teeth within the same arch. RESULTS: Females had statistically significant smaller teeth than males (P < 0.05) except the upper left and lower left lateral incisor and lower left and right central incisors. The mean values of anterior Bolton's ratios for males and females were 77.04 and 77.03, respectively (P > 0.05), while the mean values of overall Bolton's ratios of male and female are 90.48 and 90.65, respectively (P < 0.05). The clinical significant differences (Cohen's d > 0.2) for contralateral tooth size were shown on the maxillary canines, lateral incisors, and central incisors of males; and mandibular canines and lateral incisors of females. CONCLUSIONS: Southern Chinese females presenting with Class I malocclusions have smaller mesiodistal tooth dimensions compared to males. Both males and females presented several tooth size asymmetries. There are no statistical differences in anterior and overall Bolton's ratios between the genders.