A Simple and Novel Fecal Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer: Ratio of Fusobacterium Nucleatum to Probiotics Populations, Based on Their Antagonistic Effect.

BACKGROUND: Gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated the utility of fecal bacterial biomarker candidates identified by our 16S rDNA sequencing analysis for CRC diagnosis. METHODS: We measured the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp), Bifidobacterium (Bb), and Lactobacillus (Lb) by quantitative PCR in fecal samples from 2 cohorts of 903 individuals. We evaluated and validated the diagnostic performance of these microbial ratios and investigated the antagonistic effect of Fn against 3 different indicator stains. RESULTS: The microbial ratio of Fn to Bb (Fn/Bb) had a superior sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 92.3% in detecting CRC (area under the curve, AUC = 0.911). The combination of Fn/Bb and Fn/Fp improved the diagnostic value (AUC = 0.943). Moreover, the combination of Fn/Bb and Fn/Fp offered 60.0% specificity and 90.0% sensitivity in detecting stage I of CRC (AUC = 0.804). In particular, Fn was negatively correlated with Fp in the CRC group. The performance for CRC diagnosis was confirmed in the validation cohort II. The culture supernatant from Fn exhibited strong bactericidal activity against probiotics Fp and Bb strains. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that Fn could play a role in microbiota dysbiosis via the secreted antagonistic substances against probiotics. Moreover, the ratio of Fn to the important probiotics Fp and Bb was identified as a valuable biomarker for screening early CRC.

[Biological activities of the coagulation factor VIII, IX in platelet concentrates collected by platelet apheresis during preservation].

The study was to explore the change of coagulation factor VIII and IX activities in the platelet suspension collected by platelet apheresis during storage at 22 degrees C. 18 samples of platelet concentrates were collected by the cs-3000 plus and stored at 22 degrees C and then FVIII: C, FIX: C activities were detected at 0, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 hours respectively by SYSMEX CA-1500. The results showed that FVIII: C activity was (100.51 + 44.02)% at 0 hour, and then decreased dramatically to 10% - 40% of primary level from 12 to 120 hours, while FIX: C activity was (120.93 +/- 20.50)% at 0 hour and decreased to 10% - 35% of primary level from 24 to 120 hours. In conclusion, FVIII and FIX in the platelet concentrates stored at 22 degrees C could keep their biological activities at physiologically high levels.