The Impact of Family Dynamics, Lifestyle, and Food Intolerance on ADHD in Children.

Objective: This study analyzes the relationship between ADHD, family relationships, lifestyle, and food intolerance. Methods: This study consisted of 240 children who received treatment at the researchers' hospital from January 2022 to November 2022. Out of these, 120 children belonged to the ADHD group, while the remaining 120 children were part of the healthy control group. The researchers compared these two groups of children on factors such as family relationships, lifestyle, and food intolerance. Results: The general data of the two groups were not statistically significant but comparable (P > .05); family relationships, lifestyle, and food intolerance all affected children with ADHD (P < .01). Conclusion: In the investigation of children with ADHD compared to healthy children, the influence of family relationships, lifestyle, and food intolerance can all cause ADHD.

Rates and trends in stage-specific prostate cancer incidence by age and race/ethnicity, 2000-2017.

BACKGROUND: The 2008 and 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations against prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening have led to changes in the incidence pattern of prostate cancer. We sought to examine rates and trends in stage-specific prostate cancer incidence by age and race/ethnicity using the most recent data obtained from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. METHODS: SEER*Stat version 8.3.6 was used to analyze annual prostate cancer incidence rates between 2000 and 2017 according to the SEER summary stage, age group, and race/ethnicity group. Incidence rates per 100,000 men were calculated and age-adjusted to 2000 US standard population. Annual percentage change (APC) was performed to identify the trend in prostate cancer incidence. RESULTS: Between 2008 and 2012, trends in incidence of overall and localized prostate cancer significantly declined in comparison with between 2000 and 2007 (APC, -5.4 and -6.0, respectively). However, there was an increase in the incidence rate of both overall and localized prostate cancer from 2014 to 2017 (43.3-46 and 34-34.9 per 100,000 men, respectively). The incidence of regional prostate cancer significantly increased between 2013 and 2017 (5.9-6.8 per 100,000 men; APC, 4.3). Distant disease incidence increased continually between 2008 and 2012 (2.9-3.3 per 100,000 men; APC, 2.3) and between 2013 and 2017 (3.4-4.3 per 100,000 men; APC, 6.0). In addition, these increases in incidence occurred in men of all stratified age and race/ethnicity groups, except for men aged <50 years and American Indian/Alaska Native men. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the longer-term effects of USPSTF recommendations against PSA screening may have resulted in a reversal of downtrend in prostate cancer incidence, as incidence rates of overall and localized prostate cancer gradually increased from 2014 to 2017. Meanwhile, the trend in stage migration toward advanced disease increased incrementally.

Development of a fluorescence-based multiplex genotyping method for simultaneous determination of human papillomavirus infections and viral loads.

BACKGROUND: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is correlated with an increased risk of developing intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM). The aims of the current study is to establish a method named BioPerfectus Multiplex Real Time (BMRT) HPV assay for simultaneous typing and quantifying HPVs, and to evaluate it by comparison with HPV GenoArray test and PCR-sequencing method, as well as histological status. METHODS: A total of 817 cervical specimens were evaluated by BMRT method and HPV GenoArray test, using PCR-sequencing method as the reference standard; simultaneously, high-risk HPV-16 and -18 DNA loads were assessed in 443 specimens to investigate the correlation with infection outcomes. RESULTS: The overall detection coincidence rate between BMRT assay and HPV GenoArray test is 96.6 % and the Kappa value is 0.760. In addition, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of BMRT is 98.4 % and 95.7 % compared with the results detected by PCR-sequencing method, respectively. HPV-16 viral load has a correlation with CINs or worse lesions. By comparing with infected women presenting NILM /cervicitis, the cutoff value for HPV-16 from patients with CINs was 0.827. With this cutoff value, 74.6 % sensitivity and 72.5 % specificity for prediction of HPV-16 infected patients with CINI and higher CIN were achieved. High significance was obtained when comparing the infected women presenting NILM/cervicitis with women either with CIN and cervical carcinomas (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The BMRT assay seemed to be a good alternative approach for HR-HPV testing, due to its high level of automation and ability to quantify HPV-16, HPV-18 and other HR-HPVs.

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted preparation of dietary fiber from corn pericarp using response surface methodology.

BACKGROUND: Corn pericarp, which is an industrial waste of corn starch production, is an important source of dietary fiber in cereals, with claimed health benefits. However, they used to be discarded or utilized as animal feed. The application of pre-ultrasound treatment is critical for achieving rapid preparation of desired components from plant materials and for preserving structural and molecular properties of these compounds. Ultrasonic-assisted preparation was used to produce dietary fiber from corn pericarp using response surface methodology. RESULTS: The optimal particle size of corn pericarp (mesh size 40), the ratio of liquid to solid (25 mL g⁻¹), ultrasonic power (180 W) and ultrasonic time (80 min) were determined based on response surface methodology analysis. The interaction effects of particle size of corn pericarp and ultrasonic time had a highlysignificant effect on the yield of dietary fiber, and a significant effect was shown by ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time. CONCLUSION: The maximum yield of dietary fiber was 86.84%, which agreed closely with the predicted value. Using ultrasonic-assisted preparation, it may be possible to enhance the yield of dietary fiber from corn pericarp.

Metabolic reprogramming of renal epithelial cells contributes to lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Lithium, mainstay treatment for bipolar disorder, frequently causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and renal injury. However, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. Here we used the analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics and metabolic intervention in a lithium-induced NDI model. Mice were treated with lithium chloride (40 mmol/kg chow) and rotenone (ROT, 100 ppm) in diet for 28 days. Transmission electron microscopy showed extensive mitochondrial structural abnormalities in whole nephron. ROT treatment markedly ameliorated lithium-induced NDI and mitochondrial structural abnormalities. Moreover, ROT attenuated the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential in line with the upregulation of mitochondrial genes in kidney. Metabolomics and transcriptomics data demonstrated that lithium activated galactose metabolism, glycolysis, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. All these events were indicative of metabolic reprogramming in kidney cells. Importantly, ROT ameliorated metabolic reprogramming in NDI model. Based on transcriptomics analysis, we also found the activation of MAPK, mTOR and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and impaired focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction and actin cytoskeleton in Li-NDI model were inhibited or attenuated by ROT treatment. Meanwhile, ROT administration inhibited the increase of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in NDI kidneys along with enhanced SOD2 expression. Finally, we observed that ROT partially restored the reduced AQP2 and enhanced urinary sodium excretion along with the blockade of increased PGE2 output. Taken together, the current study demonstrates that mitochondrial abnormalities and metabolic reprogramming play a key role in lithium-induced NDI, as well as the dysregulated signaling pathways, thereby serving as a novel therapeutic target.

Facet-dependent photocatalytic properties of AgBr nanocrystals.

Polyhedral AgBr nanocrystals, evolved from cubes through truncated cubes and finally to high-symmetry octahedra, which corresponds to a progressive shrinkage of exposed {100} facets and enlargement of exposed {111} facets, are prepared by facile precipitation reactions. The as- prepared AgBr nanocrystals exhibit facet-dependent catalytic properties, with the {111}-dominated octahedra showing the highest photocatalytic activities.

Research of Flexible Assembly Job-Shop Batch-Scheduling Problem Based on Improved Artificial Bee Colony.

This study examined the flexible assembly job-shop scheduling problem with lot streaming (FAJSP-LS), common in multivariety and small-batch production, such as household electrical appliances. In FAJSP-LS, an assembly stage is appended to the flexible job shop, and jobs in the first stage are processed in a large batch to reduce switching costs, while leading to more waiting time, especially during the assembly stage. This article considered splitting the batch into a few sub-batches of unequal and consistent sizes to allow jobs to efficiently pass the two-stage system. With this objective, the problem was modeled as a mixed-integer linear program comprising the following two subproblems: batch splitting and batch scheduling. As the integrated problem is NP-hard, the improved bioinspired algorithm based on an artificial bee colony was proposed, including a four-layer chromosome-encoding structure to describe the solution, as well as an optimization strategy utilizing different bee colonies to synchronously solve this two-stage problem. To examine the algorithm's efficiency, a benchmark case was used to show that better solutions can be acquired with the improved algorithm regardless of whether the batch was split into equal or unequal sizes. To promote practical implementation, the algorithm was applied to a real case refrigerator workshop and showed better performance on time efficiency when jobs were split into unequal sizes compared to jobs without splitting or splitting into equal sizes.

Therapeutic and Diagnostic Value of Caspase-12 and Study of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients with Acute Myocar-dial Infarction.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the therapeutic and diagnostic value of caspase-12 and study of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Overall, 78 patients with AMI admitted to Weifang People's Hospital Brain Hospital, Weifang, China from Apr 2016 to Apr 2019 were enrolled as AMI group. Seventy-five non-AMI people undergoing physical examination during the same period were enrolled as non-AMI group. The expression levels of caspase-12 and GDF-15 were detected and compared. The correlation between the expressions of GDF-15, caspase-12 and clinical characteristics and efficacy was detected. Single and combined detection of GDF-15 and caspase-12 were performed analyze their role in the early diagnosis, the prediction of efficacy, and the guidance of clinical therapy. RESULTS: After treatment, the levels of GDF-15 and caspase-12 in AMI group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.001). The expression levels of GDF-15 and caspase-12 were significantly correlated with blood pressure (P<0.05). The expression levels of GDF-15 and caspase-12 were significantly negatively correlated with clinical efficacy in AMI group. The diagnostic value of combined detection of GDF-15 and caspase-12 was higher than that of single diagnosis. The levels of serum caspase-12 and GDF-15 proteins were significantly up regulated in AMI patients. With the better therapeutic effect, the levels of serum caspase-12 and GDF-15 proteins decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: The levels of serum caspase-12 and GDF-15 proteins may be a key indicator in the clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and may be used to guide the treatment of AMI patients and predict the therapeutic efficacy.

Identification of a six-gene metabolic signature predicting overall survival for patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the main subtypes of lung cancer. Hundreds of metabolic genes are altered consistently in LUAD; however, their prognostic role remains to be explored. This study aimed to establish a molecular signature that can predict the prognosis in patients with LUAD based on metabolic gene expression. METHODS: The transcriptome expression profiles and corresponding clinical information of LUAD were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LUAD and paired non-tumor samples were identified by the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the lasso Cox regression model were used to construct the best-prognosis molecular signature. A nomogram was established comprising the prognostic model for predicting overall survival. To validate the prognostic ability of the molecular signature and the nomogram, the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards model, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used. RESULTS: The six-gene molecular signature (PFKP, PKM, TPI1, LDHA, PTGES, and TYMS) from the DEGs was constructed to predict the prognosis. The molecular signature demonstrated a robust independent prognostic ability in the training and validation sets. The nomogram including the prognostic model had a greater predictive accuracy than previous systems. Furthermore, a gene set enrichment analysis revealed several significantly enriched metabolic pathways, which suggests a correlation of the molecular signature with metabolic systems and may help explain the underlying mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified a novel six-gene metabolic signature for LUAD prognosis prediction. The molecular signature could reflect the dysregulated metabolic microenvironment, provide potential biomarkers for predicting prognosis, and indicate potential novel metabolic molecular-targeted therapies.

High-Performance Respiration-Based Biocell Using Artificial Nanochannel Regulation.

Based on electron and proton transfer events occurring in biological respiration, a mitochondria-based biocell is constructed by combining with artificial nanochannels. In this biocell, mitochondria transfer electrons to the working electrode and pump protons into the electrolyte through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The nanochannels provide passages for protons to transport along the transmembrane concentration gradient to consume electrons on the counter electrode, forming a continuous and stable current. Furthermore, the proton transmembrane transport behavior could be modulated by regulating the permeability area and surface charge of nanochannels. A high-performance biocell is obtained when equipped with the optimized nanochannels, which produces a current of ≈3.1 mA cm-2 , a maximum power of ≈0.91 mW cm-2 , and a lifetime over 60 h. This respiratory-based biocell shows great potential for the efficient utilization of bioelectricity.

Cooperative effect of pH-dependent ion transport within two symmetric-structured nanochannels.

A novel and simple design is introduced to construct bichannel nanofluid diodes by combining two poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films with columnar nanochannel arrays varying in size or in surface charge. This type of bichannel device performs obvious ion current rectification, and the pH-dependent tunability and degree of rectification can be improved by histidine modification. The origin of the ion current rectification and its pH-dependent tunability are attributed to the cooperative effect of the two columnar half-channels and the applied bias on the mobile ions. As a result of surface groups on the bichannel being charged with different polarities or degrees at different pH values, the function of the bichannel device can be converted from a nanofluid diode to a normal nanochannel or to a reverse diode.

Calcein-modified multinanochannels on PET films for calcium-responsive nanogating.

Calcein-modified multiporous films with conical channels are introduced in a nanofluid device to enhance the calcium-responsive intensity and stability of ionic currents. Calcein with more carboxyls enhances the response of channels to calcium ions, and the capability of immobilized calcein for Ca(2+)-binding could be regulated by the deprotonation of these carboxyls.