First report of Fusarium proliferatum causing Root and Bulb Rot on tiller onion (Allium cepa L. var. Agrogatum Don) in China.

Tiller onion is a biennial herb and a fascicular variety of onion. Tiller onion has strong tillering ability and can produce up to ten bulbs per plant. It is widely cultivated due to nutrition and special flavor. In July 2020, we observed a disease that seriously affected the normal growth of tiller onion in Halahai Town, Nongan County, Jilin Province, China. At least 70% of tiller onions in the field were affected by this disease. Aboveground parts of the symptomatic plants showed stunted growth, wilting and drying. Underground parts of infected plants were shown that onion increase tiller number but did not grow and expand. Root appeared red lesions and rot in severe cases. The bulb disc appeared brown to dark brown rot. Symptomatic roots were cut into 0.5 cm pieces and surface-sterilized by dipping in 75% ethanol for 60 s, 3% NaOCl for 3 min, and rinsing three times with sterile distilled water. Pieces were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates and incubated at 25±1℃ for 4 days. Fifteen isolates were obtained and pure-cultured through single-sporing. On PDA plates, the colonies initially had white aerial mycelia that then turned pale purple. The color of the colonies on the back of the plates was purple. Macroconidia were hyaline, falcate and 14.4 to 38.7 × 1.2 to 3.0 µm. Microconidia were hyaline, reniform or elliptic, unicellular or bicellular and were 7.62 to 19.61 µm in length, and 3.23 to 8.41 µm in width. Based on these morphological and culture characteristics, the causal agent was tentatively identified as F. proliferatum. To confirm the pathogen identity, segments of the internal transcribed spacer region of the rRNA gene ( ITS, primers ITS4 and ITS5, White et al., 1990), ß-tubulin gene (TUB2, primers T1 and T2, O'Donnell and Cigelnik, 1997), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (TEF-1α, primers EF1 and EF2 from O'Donnell et al., 1998) were amplified by PCR. Per the BLASTN search, TEF-1α (Accession No. OL355013), TUB2 (Accession No. OL355012), and ITS (Accession No. OL355011) queries showed 99.26%, 100%, and 99.82% homology to F. proliferatum GenBank accessions KU872098, MH398224, and MH997878, respectively. Pathogenicity of fifteen isolates of F. proliferatum from tiller onion was confirmed by inoculating healthy tiller onion roots and bulb disc with a spore suspension (1 × 106 spores/ml) produced on PDA. For each treatment, five plants were injected with 5 ml of spore suspension. Control plants (n=5) were injected with sterilized water. All plants were enclosed in plastic bags for 48 h in a greenhouse at 28℃ and 12 h/d light cycle. After 10 days, inoculated plants showed similar symptoms to those on the original diseased plants, while control plants remained symptomless. F. proliferatum was successfully re-isolated from symptomatic plants to fulfill Koch's postulates. Diseases caused by F. proliferatum are only reported in A. cepa. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. proliferatum in Allium cepa L. var. agrogatum Don in China. Our findings are important for informed surveillance of the disease in China as F. proliferatum infection can not only reduce the quality and yield of tiller onion but also can contaminate the bulbs with harmful mycotoxins.

[The construction of comprehensive stroke prevention and control system requires attention to the precise policies of young stroke].

Youth is the core force of social and economic development, once the occurrence of youth stroke will place a heavy burden on society and family. However, the prevention and control of stroke in China is mainly aimed at middle-aged and elderly patients, the part of young stroke is relatively easy to be ignored. This article focuses on the characteristics, research progress, prevention and control status of young stroke, pointing out the importance of centering on the prevention and treatment of young stroke. At the same time, it hopes that the industry can concentrate on the prevention and treatment of young stroke, making precise policies in the future, and developing secondary prevention guidelines for the causes or risk factors of young stroke, so as to improve comprehensive stroke prevention and control system. On this basis, the health level of the whole population will be improved, and the life expectancy of residents will be extended, thus promoting the realization of the strategic goal of "Healthy China 2030".

[Expression of SOX10 and GATA3 in breast cancer and their significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression characteristics of SOX10 and GATA3 in breast cancer and the value of their combination. Methods: A total of 360 breast cancer specimens with SOX10 immunohistochemical staining were collected from the Department of Pathology in Shenzhen People's Hospital from 2018 to 2021, including 268 cases with simultaneous SOX10 and GATA3 staining. The expression of SOX10 and GATA3 in primary and metastatic breast cancer was detected, and the correlations between SOX10 and GATA3 and the molecular types and clinicopathological features of breast cancer were compared, and the distribution differences among each group were statistically analyzed. Results: The overall expression of SOX10 and GATA3 in breast cancer were 25.8%(93/360) and 81.7%(219/268), and that in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) were 83.3%(80/96) and 42.7%(32/75), respectively. SOX10 was strongly associated with TNBC (P<0.001), whereas GATA3 was highly expressed in luminal A, luminal B and HER2 over expression breast cancers (P<0.001). The expression of SOX10 and GATA3 was negatively correlated in TNBC, and the combined expression rates of SOX10 and GATA3 in breast cancer and TNBC could reach 97.8% (262/268) and 94.7%(71/75), respectively. In addition, the expression of SOX10 was closely correlated with high histological grade, high Ki-67 proliferation index and lymph node metastasis, and negatively correlated with AR. The expression of GATA3 was correlated with low histological grade and lymph node metastasis, and positively correlated with AR, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: SOX10 is a sensitive marker of TNBC, while GATA3 is highly expressed in non-triple negative breast cancer. The two complementary, combined application of SOX10-GATA3 can improve the detection rate of breast cancer, especially TNBC. SOX10 is associated with malignant characteristics of the tumor, suggesting that SOX10 can be used as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.

[Molecular mechanism of miR-369-3p regulating hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting ACTN4].

Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-369-3p targeting ACTN4 expression on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot were used to detect the expression levels of miR-369-3p and ACTN4 in hepatocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues. MiR-369-3p mimics, miR-negative control (NC), si-ACTN4, and si-NC were transfected into hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97H cells by liposome method. Cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptotic rates. The dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeted regulation of ACTN4 by miR-369-3p. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of cyclin D1, p21, Bcl-2 and Bax. Results: The expression level of miR-369-3p in liver cancer tissue was lower than that in adjacent tissues [(0.46±0.04) vs (1.00±0.08), P<0.001)], while the expression level of ACTN4 was higher than that in adjacent tissues [mRNA (3.12±0.29) vs (1.01±0.09); protein (0.61±0.06) vs (0.25±0.03), P<0.001]. Overexpression of miR-369-3p significantly decreased the cell viability[(0.71±0.06) vs (1.26±0.11), P<0.001)], increased cell apoptosis rate [(20.16±2.11)% vs (6.25±0.64)%, P<0.001], increased the proportion of cells in G(1) phase [(31.14±3.36)% vs (51.56±5.23)%, P<0.001], decreased the proportion of cells in S phase [(32.44±3.56)% vs (14.33) ±1.45)%, P<0.001], increased the levels of p21 and Bax protein (P<0.001), and decreased the levels of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 protein (P<0.001). Inhibition of the expression of ACTN4 significantly reduced the cell viability [(0.78±0.07) vs (1.24±0.12), P<0.001], increased the apoptosis rate [(6.58±0.66)% vs (18.32±1.82)%, P<0.001], increased the proportion of cells in G(1) phase [(48.69±4.21)% vs (30.33±3.01)%, P<0.001], decreased the proportion of cells in S phase [(36.21±3.42)% vs (18.54±1.61)%, P<0.001], increased the protein levels of p21 and Bax (P<0.001), and decreased the levels of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 protein (P<0.001). Compared with the miR-369-3p+ pcDNA group, overexpression of ACTN4 increased the proliferation ability of hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97H cells at 72 hours of culture[(1.12±0.11) vs (0.68±0.06), P<0.001], significantly reduced the proportion of cells in G(1) stage [(38.81±3.24)% vs (51.80±4.57)%, P<0.001], significantly increased the proportion of S-phase cells [(31.65±3.11)% vs (15.69±1.44)%, P<0.001], decreased cell apoptosis rate [(13.86±1.37)% vs (22.69±2.24)%, P<0.001], increased protein expressions of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 (P<0.001), decreased the protein expressions of p21 and Bax (P<0.001). Conclusion: MiR-369-3p can induce cell cycle arrest in G(1) phase, inhibit the proliferation and promote apoptosis of liver cancer cells by regulating the expression of ACTN4.

[Establishment of human colon cancer transplantation tumor model in normal immune mice].

Objective: Establishment of a new model of human primary colon cancer transplantation tumor in normal immune mice and to provide a reliable experimental animal model for studying the pathogenesis of colon cancer under normal immunity. Methods: Human colon cancer cells come from colon cancer patients who underwent surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College in 2017. The mice in the cell control group were inoculated with phosphate buffered solution (PBS) containing colon cancer cells, the microcarrier control group was inoculated with PBS containing microcarrier 6, and the cell-microcarrier complex group was inoculated with the PBS containing colon cancer cell-microcarrier complex. The cells of each group were inoculated under the skin of the right axilla of mice by subcutaneous injection, and the time, size, tumor formation rate and pathological changes under microscope were recorded. The transplanted tumor tissue was immunohistochemically stained with the EnVisiion two-step method, and the tumor formation rate of the transplanted tumor was judged according to the proportion of positive cells in the visual field. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to detect the expression of human-specific Alu sequence in mice tumor tissue. Results: After inoculation with tumor cells, the mice in the cell control group and the microcarrier control group did not die and did not form tumors; the mice in the cell-microcarrier complex group had palpable subcutaneous tumors in the right axillary subcutaneously on the 5th to 7th days after inoculation, and tumor formation rate is 67% (10/15), and the tumor volume can reach about 500 mm(3) 2 to 3 weeks after vaccination. The immunohistochemistry results showed that CK20, CDX-2 and carcinoembryonic antigen were all positively expressed. The PCR results showed that the expression of human-specific Alu sequence can be detected in the transplanted tumor tissue of tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: Human primary colon cancer cells used microcarrier 6 as a carrier to form tumors in normal immunized mice, and successfully established a new model of human colon cancer transplantation tumor in normal immune mice.

[Necessity of repeated renal arteriography in the treatment of severe hemorrhage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

In order to discuss the necessity of repeated renal arteriography in the treatment of severe bleeding after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, this study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with severe bleeding after percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the Department of Urology Surgery of the First Hospital of China Medical University from August 2010 to July 2020, summarily analyzing treatments, outcomes and follow-up results of 27 patients who were treated by renal arteriography more than twice. Of these 27 patients who underwent repeated renal arteriography, 23 of them were treated by two times, 4 by three times, all of whom were diagnosed as renal vascular injury. And 15 of them were diagnosed as pseudoaneurysm, 4 of them renal arteriovenous fistula, and 8 of them pseudoaneurysm combined with renal arteriovenous fistula. After clear diagnosis, all these patients were performed with renal artery embolization, after which the symptoms of hematuria and lumbar discomfort were relieved or disappeared immediately. These patients were followed up from 6 months to 5 years, without corresponding symptoms recurring and with the renal function equivalent to that before embolization. The results showed that repeated renal arteriography was of great significance in the treatment of patients with severe bleeding after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, helping to clarify the cause of bleeding and giving appropriate and timely treatment.

[Changes and clinical significance of serum NSE and MBP levels in children with cerebral palsy at high altitude during comprehensive rehabilitation].

Objective: To explore the changes of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and myelin basic protein (MBP) in children with cerebral palsy at high altitude during comprehensive rehabilitation and their clinical significance. Methods: A clinical randomized controlled study design was used to select 144 children with cerebral palsy who were diagnosed and treated in the Rehabilitation Center of Xining Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Qinghai Province from June 2018 to October 2019, including 83 males and 61 females, aged 3-5 years old. According to the order of admission, the random number table was used to divide into a conventional treatment group (n=72, 40 males and 32 females) and a comprehensive treatment group (n=72, 43 males and 29 females). The conventional treatment group was treated with conventional rehabilitation. The comprehensive treatment group was treated with monosialotetrahexose ganglioside sodium on the basis of conventional rehabilitation. In addition, 30 healthy children aged 3-5 years, 16 males and 14 females, were selected as the control group during the physical examination of the Pediatrics Department of Xining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qinghai Province. The serum levels of NSE and MBP in each group were detected, and the children's GMFM-88 scores were evaluated before and after treatment. The SPSS19.0 software was used for statistical analysis, the count data was tested by χ2. Results: The serum NSE and MBP levels of the control group were (5.96±0.80), (0.71±0.15) µg/L. Before treatment, the serum NSE and MBP levels of children with severe, moderate, and mild cerebral palsy were [(21.63±1.92), (3.63±0.49) µg/L], [(17.86±1.43) µg/L, (2.21±0.07) µg/L] and [(15.14±0.95), (1.76±0.30) µg/L], respectively. After treatment, the serum NSE and MBP levels of the conventional treatment group and the comprehensive treatment group were [(13.54±2.41), (2.07±0.85) µg/L] and [(12.09±2.37), (1.81±0.69) µg/L], respectively, and the GMFM-88 score was (116.75±27.41) points and (125.94±24.93) points. The levels of NSE and MBP in the serum of children with cerebral palsy were significantly higher than those of normal children in the control group, and their levels increased with the degree of disease, and the corresponding gross motor function scores were lower. After treatment, the GMFM-88 scale assessment scores of the two groups of children were significantly improved (t values were 310.97 and 70.86, P values were both<0.05), and serum NSE and MBP levels decreased to varying degrees compared with before treatment. The decline in the comprehensive treatment group was greater than that in the conventional treatment group. Conclusions: Serum NSE and MBP levels in children with cerebral palsy at high altitude are significantly higher than those in healthy children, and their levels are closely related to the degree of impairment and GMFM-88 scores in children with cerebral palsy. Dynamic monitoring of changes in NSE and MBP levels may be responsible for the condition and treatment effects of children with cerebral palsy judgments based.

[Prognosis and related risk factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome in elder patients].

Objective: To study the risk factors associated with the hospital survival rate of elder patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in Medical/Respiratory Intensive Care Units (MICUs/RICUs) by evaluating the prognosis, and therefore to provide insight into patient treatment strategy. Methods: Twenty MICUs/RICUs of 19 general hospitals in mainland China participated in the multicenter prospective cohort study carried out from Mar 1st, 2016 to Feb 28th, 2018. Patients who met the criteria of Berlin ARDS and older than 65 years were recruited. Baseline data, risk factors of ARDS, ventilator setup and prognosis data were collected from all patients. Univariant and multivariant regression analysis were conducted to analyze the factors associated with the prognosis. Results: 170 elder ARDS patients (age≥65 years) met the Berlin ARDS criteria, among whom 8.8% (15/170), 42.9% (73/170) and 48.2% (82/170) patients had mild, moderate and severe ARDS, respectively. The most common predisposing factor for elder ARDS was pneumonia, which was present in 134 patients (78.8%). 37.6% (64/170) patients were treated with noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), but 43.8% (28/64) cases experienced treatment failure. 76.5% (130/170) patients were treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. All patients 80 years or older were given invasive mechanical ventilation. 51.8% (88/170) cases had complications of non-pulmonary organ failure. 61.8% (105/170) patients deceased during hospital stay. Multivariant logistic analysis showed that the independent risk factors for hospital survival rate in elder patients with ARDS were SOFA score (P=0.030, RR=0.725, 95% CI 0.543-0.969), oxygen index after 24 hours of ARDS diagnosis (P=0.030, RR=0.196, 95% CI 0.045-0.853), accumulated fluid balance within 7 days after diagnosis of ARDS (P=0.026, RR=1.000, 95% CI 1.000-1.000) and shock (P=0.034, RR=0.140, 95% CI 0.023-0.863). Conclusion: Among 20 ICUs, the high mortality rate of elder patients with ARDS was correlated with higher 24 hour SOFA score, lower 24 hour oxygen index after ARDS diagnosis, more positive fluid balance within 7 days and concomitant shock. The conservative fluid strategy within 7 days of ARDS diagnosis may benefit the elder ARDS patients.

[Research progress on anti-tumor mechanism of tumor treating fields].

The anti-tumor mechanism of tumor treating fields (TTFields) is mainly through interfering with the dynamics of microtubule subunits in mitosis,which blocks the normal process of cell division and eventually leads to cell death.In recent years,relevant studies have found that TTFields still have immunological,molecular biological and other related anti-tumor mechanisms,and can induce reversible increase of cell membrane and blood-brain barrier permeability,which plays a synergistic role in combination with anti-tumor drugs.With the development of multi-system research,the specific treatment frequency,time and field strength of TTFields in different tumor treatments will be revealed.These research progress will further expand the application field of TTFields and benefit more patients.

Supramolecular Solvent Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Detection of Benzodiazepines in Urines.

ABSTRACT: Objective To establish a method using supramolecular solvent and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （GC-MS/MS） to analyze 9 benzodiazepines in urines. Methods Urine samples containing 9 benzodiazepines reference substance were subjected to liquid-liquid extractions with supramolecular solvent, which consisted of tetrahydrofuran and 1-hexanol. The solvent layer was evaporated to dryness by stream of nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted with methanol, and GC-MS/MS analysis was performed on it. The way of data collection was multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） mode; internal standard method was employed for quantification. Results In urine samples, when the range of mass concentration was 1-100 ng/mL for diazepam, midazolam, flunitrazepam and clozapine, 5-100 ng/mL for lorazepam and alprazolam, 2-100 ng/mL for nitrazepam and clonazepam, and 0.2-100 ng/mL for estazolam, respectively, good linearities were obtained, correlation coefficients were 0.999 1-0.999 9, the lower limits of the quantifications ranged from 0.2 to 5 ng/mL, the extraction recovery rates were 81.12%-99.52%. The intra-day precision ［relative standard deviation （RSD）］ and accuracy （bias） were lower than 9.86% and 9.51%, respectively; the inter-day precision （RSD） and accuracy （bias） were lower than 8.74% and 9.98%, respectively. Nine drugs in urine samples showed good stability at ambient temperature and -20 ℃ within 15 days. The mass concentrations of alprazolam in urine samples obtained from 8 volunteers who took alprazolam tablets orally within 8-72 h after ingestions ranged from 6.54 to 88.28 ng/mL. Conclusion The supramolecular solvent extraction GC-MS/MS method for analysis of 9 benzodiazepines in urines provided by this study is simple, fast, accurate and sensitive, which can provide technical support for monitoring of poisoning by benzodiazepines for clinical treatment and judicial identification.

Ultra-long high quality catalyst-free WO3 nanowires for fabricating high-performance visible photodetectors.

This work presents a study on the controlled growth of WO3 nanowires via chemical vapor deposition without catalyst, and their potential applications in visible photodetectors. The influence of growth conditions on the morphology of WO3 nanowires is studied in order to understand the growth mechanism of WO3 nanowires, and ultra-long (60 [Formula: see text], the longest one ever reported) WO3 nanowires with a spindle shape are achieved by optimizing the growth conditions. It was found that the length of WO3 nanowires increases from 15 [Formula: see text] to 60 [Formula: see text] with increasing the argon carrier gas flow rate from 30 sccm to 90 sccm, and then saturates with further increasing the argon carrier gas flow rate. However, the length of WO3 nanowires reduces from 60 [Formula: see text] to 19 [Formula: see text] with increasing the tube inner pressure from 2.5 Torr to 3.5 Torr. The photoconductor detectors based on WO3 single nanowires present excellent device performance with a responsivity as high as 19 A W-1 at a bias of 0.1 V, a detectivity as high as 1.06 × 1011 Jones, and a response (rising and decay) time as short as 8 ms under the illumination of a 404 nm laser. These results indicate the great potential of WO3 nanowires for applications in fabricating high performance visible photodetectors.

Quantification of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular MRI in patients with coronary artery chronic total occlusion.

AIM: To determine the most accurate and reproducible semi-automated greyscale thresholding technique for quantifying late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), by using positron-emission tomography (PET) as the reference standard in patients with coronary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: LGE in CMRI, single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT), and PET were performed within 1 week in each of 63 patients with known CTO. The presence and quantity of LGE were determined with greyscale thresholds of 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8 standard deviations (SDs) above the mean signal intensity for normal remote myocardium and full width at half maximum (FWHM). The infarcted myocardium was delineated by PET. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients and 1,008 segments were analysed. Based on patient analysis, with PET as the reference standard, the 5 SD method yielded the strongest correlation (r=0.85, p<0.0001) compared with the 2 SDs (r=0.42), 4 SDs (r=0.73), 6 SDs (r=0.81), 8 SDs (r=0.71), and FWHM (r=0.69; p<0.001 for all comparisons). The 5 SDs threshold quantification showed high interobserver and intra-observer agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.90, p<0.0001; ICC=0.93, p<0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Semi-automated LGE CMRI greyscale thresholding with 5 SDs above the mean signal intensity for normal remote myocardium yields the strongest correlation to the extent of LGE identified using PET and is highly reproducible in patients with CTO.

[A case of colchicine poisoning complicated with extra pontine myelinolysis].

To analyze the clinical presentation and the treatment process of one case of colchicine poisoning complicated with extra pontine myelinolysis and discuss its pathogenesis. Increasing the attention of hyponatremia caused by colchicine poisoning is of great significance for improving the prognosis and quality of life of patients.

Development of a five-gene signature as a novel prognostic marker in ovarian cancer.

The prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC) remains poor. Thus, the present study aims to identify independently prognostic factor in patients with OC. OC gene expression study GSE26712 and TCGA-OV were included in the study. Prognosis associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal ovarian tissue and OC were identified. LASSO Cox proportional hazards regression model was conducted and a prognostic signature was constructed based on these DEGs. The predictive ability of the signature was analyzed in the training set and test set. The prognosis performance of the signature was compared with CA-125 and HE4. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify relevant mechanism. 332 DEGs were identified, of which 64 DEGs were significantly correlated with the overall survival (OS) of OC patients, and 5 DEGs (IGF2, PEG3, DCN, LYPD1 and RARRES1) were applied to build a 5-gene signature. Patients in the 5-gene signature low risk group had significantly better OS compared with those in the 5-gene high risk group (P=0.0004) in the training set. Similar results were found in the test set, and the signature was also an independent prognostic factor. The prognosis performance of the 5-gene signature was significantly better than that of CA-125 and HE4. GSEA suggested that OC samples in the 5-gene high risk group were significantly enriched in WNT/ß-catenin signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We developed and validated a 5-gene signature that might be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients with OS.

[Evaluation of prognostic factors for liposarcoma].

Objective: To investigate the relevant prognostic factors of liposarcoma (LPS). Methods: The data of 78 patients with LPS treated in our hospital from July 2009 to March 2017 were reviewed. The 78 patients included 41 males and 37 females, and the average age was (60.5 ±13.4) years (ranged from 18 to 85 years). Among the 78 LPS patients, 27 were well-differentiated LPS, 13 were myxoid LPS, 35 were dedifferentiated LPS and 3 were pleomorphic LPS.The distribution of lesion location included 40 cases of extremities and 38 cases of retroperitoneal. 21 cases were treated with radical excision, 57 cases were treated with marginal resection. 7 patients were treated with postoperative radiotherapy and 9 patients with postoperative chemotherapy. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of LPS patients were analyzed as clinical outcomes. Prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: 43 patients had local recurrence (9 of extremities/ 34 of retroperitoneal), 18 patients with metastasis (4 of extremities/ 14 of retroperitoneal). The 5-year PFS rate was 31.4% and 5-year OS rate was 44.3%. Univariate analysis showed that the histological subtype and the tumor location were related with PFS (P<0.05), while the histological subtype, the tumor location, the tumor size, the recurrence and metastasis were related with OS (P<0.05). Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that the tumor location was the independent prognostic factor of PFS (P<0.05), while the histological subtype and metastasis were the independent prognostic factors of OS (P<0.05). The median PFS of patients with myxoid LPS treated with radiotherapy was 34.6 months, which was significantly longer than 28.3 months of myxoid LPS patients without radiotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusions: The tumor location is an independent prognostic factor of PFS in LPS patients.Retroperitoneal LPS is more prone to relapse and metastasize. OS is affected by pathological subtype and metastasis. Radiotherapy can improve the PFS of patients with myxoid LPS.

[Effect of peripheral hyperinsulinemia on assessment of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin preparations in euglycemic clamp].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of peripheral hyperinsulinemia on assessment of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of insulin preparations in euglycemic clamp. Method: A total of 40 healthy male volunteers aged 18-45 years old in West China Hospital between 2015 and 2017 were divided into euglycemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp (A) group and euglycemic clamp (B) group. Humulin R (0.2 U/kg) was given subcutaneously at steady state of clamp after infusion of short-acting insulin in A group while in B group Humulin R was given subcutaneously without establishment of artificial hyperinsulinemia. The blood glucose was maintained within target range during the whole clamp. Result: Maximum insulin concentration [(667±141) pmol/L vs (267±68) pmol/L, P<0.01] and area under curve (AUC) of insulin concentration [(152±32) nmol·L(-1)·min vs (57±7) nmol·L(-1)·min, P<0.01] in A group were higher while maximum glucose infusion rate (GIR) [(3.70±0.70) mg·kg(-1)·min(-1) vs (7.66±2.11) mg·kg(-1)·min(-1), P<0.01] and AUC of GIR [(931±272) mg/kg vs (1 920±452) mg/kg, P<0.01] were lower compared to B group. The serum C-peptide levels were lower in both groups after administration of insulin compared with baseline. Conclusion: It is not necessary applying euglycemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp to evaluate the PK/PD of insulin preparations, which may overestimate the PKparameters and underestimate the PD parameters of insulin preparations.

Continuous nursing intervention on recovery of diabetic patients.

The aim of this study was to probe the influence of continuous nursing intervention on recovery of diabetic patients. From October 2016 to June 2017, 80 diabetic patients who received treatment in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received continuous nursing care including indirect follow-up, health education and home visit. The self-care ability and blood sugar of the two groups were compared three months later. The score of self-care ability in the intervention group was 89.64±1.64 and that in control group was 72.68±2.47, and a significant difference was observed (P less than 0.001). The fasting blood glucose level in the intervention group was 6.62±0.86 MMOL/L, and the 2-hour post-meal blood glucose level was 8.47±1.32 MMOL/L, which were both lower than those in the control group. Continuous nursing can help monitor the recovery of patients after discharge. It is helpful to improve the self-care ability of patients, control blood sugar level, and promote recovery. It is worth wide promotion.

Optical properties of surface states in two-dimensional topological insulators.

We present a simple and tractable approach to investigate the optical properties of surface states in two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TIs). The analytic expression of optical conductivity of surface states in 2D TIs are obtained based on the kinetic equations. It is found that universal optical conductance can be observed in the high frequency region, which does not depend on the temperature, the chemical potential, or the bandgap of the systems. This universal optical conductance is similar to that in graphene. However, the optical absorption edge of such surface states strongly depend on the chemical potential and the bandgap of the systems. There are obvious optical absorption peaks at low temperature in the low frequency region, which are very different from that in graphene. The bandgaps in surface states can be accurately experimentally measured by the optical absorption edges or the peaks. We expect that our theoretical results offer transparent understandings for the experimental results and applications of 2D TIs.

Prediction of pathologic responders to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective study.

This study aims to investigate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in ESCC patients receiving neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), and the efficacy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant CCRT. Twenty-eight locally advanced ESCC patients treated with neoadjuvant CCRT followed by radical resection were prospectively enrolled. DW-MRI was recommended to be performed within 2 weeks before and 4-6 weeks after neoadjuvant CCRT. The calculated ADCs pre- (ADC1) and post- (ADC2) neoadjuvant CCRT, the definite (ΔADC) and percentage changes (ΔADC%) were analyzed for the efficacy of predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant CCRT. Twenty patients had been identified as responders (tumor regression grade 1-2). Among them, ADC2 (3.02 ± 0.84 vs. 2.12 ± 0.44 × 10-3 mm2/s, P = 0.001) and ΔADC (1.22 ± 0.78 vs 0.64 ± 0.26 × 10-3 mm2/s, P = 0.007) were significantly higher than those of nonresponders (tumor regression grade: 3-5). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that ADC2 exhibited an overall accuracy of in 71.4% in predicting pathologic response, with a sensitivity of 60.0%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 50.0%, when 3.04 × 10-3 mm2/s was used as the cutoff value. ADC value could be useful in predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant CCRT in ESCC patients. High postneoadjuvant CCRT ADC is a predictive indicator for good response.

Heme oxygenase-1 directly binds STAT3 to control the generation of pathogenic Th17 cells during neutrophilic airway inflammation.

BACKGROUND: Specific JAK/STAT pathways play a critical role in the functional differentiation of distinct Th subsets. Previously, we showed that HO-1, a stress-inducible protein, inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and alleviates neutrophilic airway inflammation, but the responsible molecular basis remains unclear. METHODS: We employed Th17-skewing differentiation and NEA mouse models to study the role of HO-1 in regulating IL-6-STAT3-RORγt/SOCS3 signaling pathway to control Th17 cell-mediated neutrophilic airway inflammation. The levels of cytokines and expressions of relative signaling molecules were measured by ELISA, western blot, and qPCR, respectively. Frequency of CD4+ IL-17A+ , CD4+ IL-6R+ , and CD4+ IL-23R+ cells was analyzed by FCM. The interaction between HO-1 and signaling pathway-related proteins was determined by co-immunoprecipitation and western blot. RESULTS: Here, we show that hemin-induced HO-1 overexpression is required to mediate this process. Specifically, HO-1 decreased STAT3 phosphorylation but not IL-6R/IL-23R expression or JAK1/JAK2 activation in CD4+ T cells. The effect was accompanied by co-inhibition of SOCS3, a negative feedback factor of STAT3 activation. HO-1 bound to three domains on STAT3 (DNA-binding, linker, and transactivation domains) to directly regulate STAT3 activation. Conversely, either forced expression of a constitutively active STAT3 mutant or application of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) for HO-1 reversed these effects. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that HO-1 exerts its inhibitory effect on Th17 cell differentiation by directly associating and blocking STAT3 phosphorylation. We speculate that hemin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of other types of immune and pulmonary inflammatory-related diseases.