RESUMO
Two previously undescribed coumarins (1-2) were isolated from the root of Notopterygium incisum. The structures of new findings were elucidated by analyses of spectral evidences in HRESIMS, NMR, as well as ICD. The absolute configurations were further confirmed by chemical calculations. 1-2 exhibits obviously anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory mediators (COX-2, iNOS), as well as reducing the release of NO and the accumulation of ROS in cells. Western blotting analysis revealed that 2 could inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway by reducing the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT.
Assuntos
Apiaceae , Cumarínicos , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II , Óxido Nítrico , Animais , Camundongos , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/isolamento & purificação , Apiaceae/química , Cumarínicos/química , Cumarínicos/farmacologia , Cumarínicos/isolamento & purificação , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Lipopolissacarídeos/antagonistas & inibidores , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/antagonistas & inibidores , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/antagonistas & inibidores , Células RAW 264.7 , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/antagonistas & inibidores , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Nitrilas/químicaRESUMO
Transcriptome analysis is shown to be an effective strategy to understand the potential function of natural products. Here, it is reported that 11 previously undescribed hydroanthraquinones [nigroquinones A-K (1-11)], along with eight known congeners, were isolated from Nigrospora sphaerica. Their structures were elucidated by interpreting spectroscopic and spectrometric data including high-resolution mass spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance. The absolute configurations of 1-11 were confirmed by electronic circular dichroism calculations. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 3 (isolated in the largest amount) might be anti-inflammatory. Assays based on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and zebrafish embryos confirmed that some of the isolated hydroanthraquinones attenuated the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators in vitro and in vivo. Further Western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments indicated that 4 (which showed the most obvious nitric oxide inhibition) could suppress the expression of nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB), phosphorylation of the inhibitor of NF-κB kinase and inhibit the transportation of NF-κB to the nucleus. Hence, the suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect. These results show that bioactivity evaluation on the basis of transcriptome analysis may be effective in the functional exploration of natural products.
Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos , NF-kappa B , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Ascomicetos , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Óxido Nítrico , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Peixe-ZebraRESUMO
An undescribed trichodenone derivative (1), two new diketopiperazines (3 and 4) along with a bisabolane analog (2) were isolated from Trichoderma hamatum b-3. The structures of the new findings were established through comprehensive analyses of spectral evidences in HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, Marfey's analysis as well as comparisons of ECD. The absolute configuration of 2 was unambiguously confirmed by NMR, ECD calculation and Mo2(AcO)4 induced circular dichroism. Compounds 1-4 were tested for their fungicidal effects against eight crop pathogenic fungi, among which 1 showed 51% inhibition against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at a concentration of 50 µg/mL.
Assuntos
Hypocreales , Trichoderma , Estrutura Molecular , Dicetopiperazinas/química , Trichoderma/químicaRESUMO
Excessive inflammation causes chronic diseases and tissue damage. Although there has been drug treatment, its side effects are relatively large. Searching for effective anti-inflammatory drugs from natural products has become the focus of attention. First isolated from Trichoderma longibraciatum, trichodimerol is a natural product with TNF inhibition. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages were used as a model to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of trichodimerol. The results of nitric oxide (NO) detection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed that trichodimerol could reduce the production of NO, ROS, and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Western blotting results showed that trichodimerol could inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the protein expression of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB), p-IKK, p-IκB, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase)-1, and ASC, which indicated that trichodimerol may inhibit inflammation through the NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways. At the same time, molecular docking showed that trichodimerol can directly combine with the TLR4-MD2 complex. Hence, trichodimerol inhibits inflammation by obstructing the interaction between LPS and the TLR4-MD2 heterodimer and suppressing the downstream NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways.
RESUMO
The genus Talaromyces belongs to the phylum Ascomycota of the kingdom Fungi. Studies have shown that Talaromyces species yield many kinds of secondary metabolites, including esters, terpenes, steroids, alkaloids, polyketides, and anthraquinones, some of which have biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, and antitumor activities. The chemical constituents of fungi belonging to the genus Talaromyces that have been studied by researchers over the past several years, as well as their biological activities, are reviewed here to provide a reference for the development of high-value natural products and innovative uses of these resources.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To test the different contrctile responses of extracellular nucleotides, such as ATP, UTP and nucleotide uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) in gastric longitudinal muscle (LM) and circular muscle (CM). Examined the effect of P2X and P2Y receptor antagonists (in this study, we used IP5I and suramin) and cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) on Up4A induced contractile responses in LM and CM. METHODS: The rats were sacrificed and the stomachs were opened to gain LM and CM. Using organ bath system to assess contrctile responses of smooth muscle. RESULTS: Up4A could induce contractile responses in both CM and LM, which were similar with ATP and UTP. IP5 did not attenuate Up4A could induce contractions in both LM and CM, but suramin and indomethacin significantly inhibited Up4A contraction in CM, but not in LM. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that extracellular nucleosides and their inhibitors induce different responses between LM and CM.