Enantioseparation of racemic amlodipine using immobilized ionic liquid by solid-phase extraction.

In this paper, a novel l-glutamate based immobilized chiral ionic liquid (SBA-IL (Glu)) was prepared by chemical bonding method and applied as a solid sorbent for chiral separation of amlodipine. The performance of SBA-IL (Glu) was investigated for the absorption of (S)-amlodipine and separation of amlodipine enantiomer. The static experiment showed that equilibrium adsorption was achieved within 80 minutes, and the saturation adsorptions capacity was 12 mg/g. The complex was then packed in a glass chromatographic column for the separation of amlodipine and the enantiomeric excess (%ee) of (S)-amlodipine reached 24.67%. The immobilized ionic liquids exhibit good reusability, and the separation efficiency remains 18.24% after reused five times, which allows potential scale-up for the chiral separation of amlodipine.

Diaqua-bis(2,2'-biimidazole)cobalt(II) 4,4'-dicarboxy-biphenyl-3,3'-di-car-boxylate.

In the title compound, [Co(C(6)H(6)N(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](C(16)H(8)O(8)), the Co(II) cation and the organic anion occupy different crystallographic inversion centres and, as a consequence, the asymmetric unit comprises two half-mol-ecules. The benzene groups are coplanar. The four coordinating N atoms of the two bidentate biimidazole ligands define the equatorial plane of a slightly distorted octa-hedral CoO(2)N(4) geometry, and the water O atoms lie in the axial coordination sites. Translational (a,) and inversion-related symmetry operations link the Co complex mol-ecules and the negatively charged carboxyl-ate anions via inter-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into sheets parallel to (01). The coordinated water mol-ecules connect the sheets through O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework. In addition, two intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed between the carboxyl and carboxyl-ate groups.

[Treatment of sternoclavicular joint dislocation with sternoclavicular hook plate fixation].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technique and therapeutic effect of sternoclavicular hook plate fixation in treating sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation. METHODS: From January 2010 to March 2014,6 patients with SCJ dislocation were treated with sternoclavicular hook plate fixation in our hospital. Among the 6 patients, 5 patients were male and 1 patient was female, and the average age was 34 years, ranging from 26 to 48 years. The course of the disease ranged from 3 to 20 days. All the SCJ dislocations were caused by external injury and accompanied with the symptoms of swelling pain and obvious shoulder joint activity restricted in affected side. All SCJ dislocations were anterior dislocation by the diagnosis of X-ray and CT scan. The postoperative curative effect was evaluated according to Rockwood score. RESULTS: All the patients' operative incision were healed well and in good appearance. X-ray showed that the dislocated SCJ was well reduced and the plate was on right position. All the 6 patients were followed up for 4 to 18 months, with an average of 12 months. The results were evaluated according to Rockwood score, 4 got excellent results, 1 good and 1 fair. No fixation loosening, redislocation or side injury such as vessel, nerve or pleura injury were found. CONCLUSION: With sternoclavicular hook plate fixation, SCJ dislocation could be reduced while keeping its amphiarthrodial function and the completeness of the cartilage surface. Sternoclavicular hook plate fixation has advantages of safety and stabilization in fixation, and patients can begin function exercises earlier.

[Comparison of clinical effects of total spondylectomy with different procedures in treating lumbar metastatic tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effects of debris spondylectomy, piecemeal spondylectomy, total en bloc spomdylectomy in treating lumbar metastatic tumors. METHODS: The clinical data of 20 patients with lumbar metastatic tumors treated from January 2008 to October 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 8 males and 12 females, aged from 35 to 65 years old with an average of (49.50 ± 9.97) years. All patients had single solitary metastases. Four cases were in L1,5 cases in L2,4 cases in L3,4 cases in L4, and 3 cases in L5. According to the type of Tomita, type II had in 4 cases, type III in 6 cases, type IV in 6 cases, type V in 4 cases. Tokuhashi score was 12.50 ± 1.97. All patients complained with back or leg pain, VAS score was 8.13 ± 0.85. Among patients, 7 cases were treated with debris spondylectomy (group A), 7 cases with piecemeal spondylectomy (group B), 6 cases with total en bloc spondylectomy (group C). Statistical analysis was used to compare the three groups with respect to surgical trauma (including operative time, transoperative bleeding, and intraoperative blood transfusion), clinical symptoms (by VAS score at 1 week after operation), surgical procedures conditions (by AP and lateral X-rays), and long-term results (by recurrence and death information). RESULTS: All patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months with an average of (16.50 ± 7.88) months. Operative time for debris spondylectomy was (6.14 ± 0.68) h, intraoperative bleeding was (3 457.14 ± 399.40) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (2 771.43 ± 423.14) ml. Operative time for piece-meal spondylectomy was (4.93 ± 0.61) h, intraoperative bleeding was (1 942.86 ± 378.51) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (1 500.00 ± 336.65) ml. Operative time for total en bloc spondylectomy was(4.17 ± 0.67) h, intraoperative bleeding was (1 341.67 ± 361.13) ml, and intraoperative blood transfusion was (916.67 ± 321.66) ml. There was significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative blood transfusion between three groups (P < 0.05). In terms of these factors, total en bloc spondylectomy had the best outcome followed by piecemeal spondylectomy. All pains had released, VAS score decreased obviously at 1 week after operation (P < 0.05), and there was no significant differences between three groups (P > 0.05). Surgical effects were well with these methods according to the evaluation of AP and lateral X-rays . At final follow-up, group A had 4 recurrences (2 with breast cancer, 1 with prostate cancer,and 1 with thyroid cancer) and 3 deaths (2 with lung cancer and 1 with thyroid cancer); group B had 2 recurrences (1 with breast cancer and 1 with prostate cancer) and 3 deaths (1 with lung cancer, 1 with breast cancer and 1 with kidney cancer);group C had no recurrences and 2 deaths for lung cancer. There was significant differences in recurrence and death between three groups (P < 0.05). In terms of these factors, total en bloc spondylectomy had the best outcome in three methods. CONCLUSION: Three kinds of operation method can relieve pain, improve nerve function, increase the spinal stability, control the local lesions, improve the patient's quality of life in treating lumbar metastatic tumors, but total en bloc spendylectomy, respect to operative time, transoperative bleeding, intraoperative blood transfusion, tumor recurrence and death is clearly superior to other two methods.

[Surgical treatment of thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum and therapeutic effects analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical treatment of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) and analysis of the therapeutic effects. METHODS: Six patients with thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum were retrospectively studied from October 2006 to October 2009. All of the patients in this group were treated by en bloc hemi-articular process laminectomy. There were 4 males and 2 females, ranging in age from 45 to 66 years, averaged 55.2 years. The evaluate factors including the preoperative and postoperative JOA scores,and the function of the urinary bladder were analyzed. RESULTS: All the 6 patients were followed after operation. The mean followed-up duration was 10.5 months, ranging from 2 to 18 months. According to JOA evaluation criteria, 4 patients got an excellent result, 1 good and 1 bad. The one patient with bad result had spinal cord compressed for too long time, and the T2-weight MRI showed nonreversible degeneration of spinal cord and combined with schizophrenia. The clinical symptoms improved with varying degrees. CONCLUSION: The en bloc hemi-articular process laminectomy is an effective method for ossification of the thoracic ligamentum flavum. A thorough decompression and real-time protection of the spinal cord is the key to the success of surgery.