RESUMO
The present study aimed to provide a molecular characterization of circulating rotavirus (RVA) strains in Rio Branco, Acre, in the post-rotavirus vaccination period, particularly with regard to the emerging, increasingly prevalent G12P[8] genotype. A total of 488 fecal specimens from diarrheic and non-diarrheic children were obtained between January and December 2012. RVA detection was initially performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, followed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers. RVA was detected in 18.3% (44/241) of the children with acute diarrhea and in 1.2% (3/247) of the non-diarrheic children (P < 0.001), with overall RVA-positivity of 9.6% (47/488). The most common genotype was G2P[4] with 43.2% (19/44) of the diarrheic cases, followed by G12P[8] (27.3%, 12/44), G3P[6] (18.2%, 8/44), G3P[8] (4.5%, 2/44), and G12P[6] (2.3%, 1/44). G12 samples belonged to lineage III and were from children aged 4-52 months. All of these children had acute diarrhea associated with fever (83.3%, 10/12) and vomiting (66.7%, 8/12). Most of the cases occurred in August (58.3%, 7/12), 75% (9/12) of which having received the full vaccination scheme with Rotarix™. For the first time G12 was reported at relative high prevalence in Brazil. Our findings warrant further monitoring studies on the molecular characterization of circulating RVA strains after rotavirus vaccine introduction in Brazil and elsewhere, since the occurrence of either unusual our emerging genotypes may pose a challenge to vaccination strategies.
Assuntos
Genótipo , Infecções por Rotavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Rotavirus/administração & dosagem , Rotavirus/classificação , Rotavirus/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Fezes/virologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Epidemiologia Molecular , Prevalência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Rotavirus/patologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Estações do AnoRESUMO
Apresenta os resultados de pesquisa desenvolvida na Comunidade Ribeirinha de Brasília Legal, Município de Aveiro, Estado do Pará, Brasil. A metodologia utilizada incluiu coleta de dados sobre aspectos epidemiológicos; avaliação clínica e determinação de níveis de mercúrio em amostras de peixes e tecido capilar humano. As determinações de mercúrio foram feitas por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica sem chama. A população estudada foi de 246 pessoas, com idade entre 1 e 74 anos. Os teores de mercúrio no cabelo alcançaram 49,99 mg/g e a análise de regressão linear mostrou associação (p<0.05) entre estes teores de mercúrio com a frequência de consumo semanal de peixes