Design, Synthesis, Anti-Varicella-Zoster and Antimicrobial Activity of (Isoxazolidin-3-yl)Phosphonate Conjugates of N1-Functionalised Quinazoline-2,4-Diones.

Dipolar cycloaddition of the N-substituted C-(diethoxyphosphonyl)nitrones with N3-allyl-N1-benzylquinazoline-2,4-diones produced mixtures of diastereoisomeric 3-(diethoxyphosphonyl)isoxazolidines with a N1-benzylquinazoline-2,4-dione unit at C5. The obtained compounds were assessed for antiviral and antibacterial activities. Several compounds showed moderate inhibitory activities against VZV with EC50 values in the range of 12.63-58.48 µM. A mixture of isoxazolidines cis-20c/trans-20c (6:94) was found to be the most active against B. cereus PCM 1948, showing an MIC value 0.625 mg/mL, and also was not mutagenic up to this concentration.

Design, synthesis, antiviral, and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine analogs of homonucleotides.

Moderate diastereoselectivities (d.e. 2-62%) of isoxazolidine homonucleotides were observed for cycloadditions between N-methyl-C-(diethoxyphosphoryl)nitrone and N-allyl nucleobases, with trans-isoxazolidines predominating. The stereochemistry of the substituted isoxazolidines was established based on 2D NOE experiments performed for uracil-containing cycloadducts. The cis- and trans-isoxazolidine phosphonates obtained herein were evaluated in vitro for activity against a broad range of DNA and RNA viruses. None of the compounds were endowed with antiviral activity at subtoxic concentrations, but some of them were found to inhibit the proliferation of L1210 cells with IC50 values in the range of 33-100 µM.

Synthesis, anti-varicella-zoster virus and anti-cytomegalovirus activity of quinazoline-2,4-diones containing isoxazolidine and phosphonate substructures.

Cycloadditions of N-substituted C-(diethoxyphosphoryl)nitrones to N-allylated quinazoline-2,4-diones functionalized at N3 with substituted benzoyl or benzyl groups proceeded with moderate to good diastereoselectivities (d.e. 28-68%). The synthesized isoxazolidine phosphonates were assessed for the antiviral activity against a broad range of DNA and RNA viruses. Compounds trans-13c, cis-13c/trans-13c (86:14), cis-15b/trans-15b (87:13) and trans-15d/cis-15d (95:5) exhibited the highest activity toward both TK+ and TK- VZV strains (mean EC50 values in the range of 3.0-8.7 µM). The EC50's for isoxazolidines trans-12a, cis-12a, cis-13a, trans-13d, cis-15a/trans-15a (50:50) ranged between 6.9 and 8.5 µM for VZV TK+ strain and between 10.7 and 13.2 µM for VZV TK- strain. The isoxazolidine phosphonates cis-15/trans-15 having benzyl substituents both at N3 of the quinazoline-2,4-dione skeleton and at N2 of the isoxazolidine ring displayed some anti-cytomegalovirus potency but at the same time showed significant cytostatic activity for human embryonic lung fibroblasts (used to carry out the antiviral assays) as well as for other cell lines (i.e. CEM, L1210, HeLa and HMEC-1).

Properties of acoustic plate modes in YZ LiNbO3.

Properties of acoustic plate modes (APMs) in YZ LiNbO3 were calculated and measured. It was found that these modes have a dominant longitudinal component of mechanical motion concentrated near both surfaces of a plate. A delay line with double-electrode interdigital transducers (IDTs) was used for the measurements. Because of good matching to the load, strong triple-transit signals (TTS) were generated and insertion loss of about 7 dB was achieved at a frequency of about 131.4 MHz. Using water and glycerin solutions, insertion loss changes against viscosity were measured for this mode. In a viscosity range from about 1 mPa·s to 1000 mPa·s, an insertion loss change of about 16 dB was obtained. High sensitivity of viscosity measurement over a wide range makes the APMs in YZ LiNbO3 attractive for application in viscosity sensors.

Properties of shear horizontal acoustic plate modes in BT-cut quartz.

Properties of shear horizontal acoustic plate modes (SHAPMs) in BT-cut quartz were calculated and measured. A delay line with a long interdigital transducer, deposited on -50.5°YX90°-oriented quartz plate, was used for the measurements. For one of the SHAPMs, at a frequency of about 100.4 MHz, insertion loss, turnover temperature, and quadratic temperature coefficient of frequency of about 10 dB, 15°C, and -30 ppb/(°C)(2) in air, respectively, were obtained. Using water and glycerin solutions, insertion loss changes against dynamic viscosity were measured for this mode. In a viscosity range from about 1 mPa·s to 1000 mPa·s, an insertion loss change of about 14 dB was obtained.

Determination of mass density, dielectric, elastic, and piezoelectric constants of bulk GaN crystal.

Mass density, dielectric, elastic, and piezoelectric constants of bulk GaN crystal were determined. Mass density was obtained from the measured ratio of mass to volume of a cuboid. The dielectric constants were determined from the measured capacitances of an interdigital transducer (IDT) deposited on a Z-cut plate and from a parallel plate capacitor fabricated from this plate. The elastic and piezoelectric constants were determined by comparing the measured and calculated SAW velocities and electromechanical coupling coefficients on the Z- and X-cut plates. The following new constants were obtained: mass density p = 5986 kg/m(3); relative dielectric constants (at constant strain S) ε(S)(11)/ε(0) = 8.6 and ε(S)(11)/ε(0) = 10.5, where ε(0) is a dielectric constant of free space; elastic constants (at constant electric field E) C(E)(11) = 349.7, C(E)(12) = 128.1, C(E)(13) = 129.4, C(E)(33) = 430.3, and C(E)(44) = 96.5 GPa; and piezoelectric constants e(33) = 0.84, e(31) = -0.47, and e(15) = -0.41 C/m(2).