Human Bifidobacterium strains as adjunct cultures in Spanish sheep milk cheese.

Three bifidobacteria strains of human origin (Bifidobacterium pseudolongum INIA P2, Bifidobacterium breve INIA P734, and Bifidobacterium longum INIA P678) were used as potential probiotic adjunct cultures for the manufacture of pasteurized sheep milk cheese. Bifidobacteria were inoculated at 5 to 6 log cfu/mL in milk vats. Microbiological, physicochemical, rheological, color, and sensory characteristics were determined at 7, 28, and 60 d of ripening. Counts of B. pseudolongum INIA P2 remained above 6 log cfu/g during 60 d of ripening as well as after further simulated gastrointestinal digestion of cheeses. Bifidobacterium breve INIA P734 counts remained stable during 28 d and decreased by less than 1 log unit after simulated digestion. Bifidobacterium longum INIA P678 counts dropped sharply during cheese manufacture and ripening and were below detection level after simulated digestion. Addition of bifidobacteria strains did not affect starter viability, cheese pH, dry matter, water activity, or salt content but significantly increased overall proteolysis and the concentration of some free amino acids. Cheeses with bifidobacteria exhibited no significant differences in most sensory characteristics with respect to control cheese. According to our results, B. breve INIA P734 and B. pseudolongum INIA P2 are promising candidates as probiotic adjunct cultures in fresh and semi-hard sheep milk cheese.

Bifidobacterial strains shared by mother and child as source of probiotics.

Importance of bifidobacteria as part of the infant intestinal microbiota has been highlighted. Their acquisition is influenced by the mode of birth and the feed regime afterwards, with a special role of the maternal microbiota. The presence of the same shared bifidobacterial strains between breast milk and infant faeces in 14 mother-infant pairs was assessed by means of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotyping. Four shared strains of Bifidobacterium breve (2), Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and B. longum subsp. longum were found in breast milk-infant faeces pairs. Two years later, a second survey yielded four shared strains of the species Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum subsp. longum and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum. Moreover, a B. bifidum strain was found to be shared by the infant faeces of the first study and the mother faeces tested two years later, pointing out a long term persistence. Some of the selected bifidobacterial strains showed probiotic potential due to their survival to gastrointestinal conditions and their ability to form biofilms.

[Eyelid contact allergic eczema caused by topical ketorolac tromethamine 0.5%]. / Eccema alérgico de contacto palpebral por ketorolaco trometamol 0,5% tópico.

CLINICAL CASE: A 65-year-old man had been treated with eye-drops containing NSAIDs (Ketorolac). He developed conjunctival injection, edematous swelling of the eyelids and periorbital dermatitis due to a contact allergy. Allergy to NSAIDs is uncommon. DISCUSSION: This is an unusual case because topical application of ketorolac is safe in the vast majority of ophthalmologic patients. However adverse events associated with Ketorolac are similar to that of other NSAIDs.

Microscopic properties of xenon plasmas for density and temperature regimes of laboratory astrophysics experiments on radiative shocks.

This work is divided into two parts. In the first one, a study of radiative properties (such as monochromatic and the Rosseland and Planck mean opacities, monochromatic emissivities, and radiative power loss) and of the average ionization and charge state distribution of xenon plasmas in a range of plasma conditions of interest in laboratory astrophysics and extreme ultraviolet lithography is performed. We have made a particular emphasis in the analysis of the validity of the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium and the influence of the atomic description in the calculation of the radiative properties. Using the results obtained in this study, in the second part of the work we have analyzed a radiative shock that propagated in xenon generated in an experiment carried out at the Prague Asterix Laser System. In particular, we have addressed the effect of plasma self-absorption in the radiative precursor, the influence of the radiation emitted from the shocked shell and the plasma self-emission in the radiative precursor, the cooling time in the cooling layer, and the possibility of thermal instabilities in the postshock region.

[Bilateral choroidal metastases of pancreatic carcinoma]. / Métastases choroïdiennes bilatérales d'un carcinome du pancréas.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents 2 to 5% of all the carcinomas. It is the fourth largest cause of death from cancer. It gives rise to metastasis of the liver, kidney, brain, etc. But choroidal metastasis are infrequent. We present the case of a male aged 45 years, who presented bilateral choroidal metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.

[Size of incision and induced astigmatism in cataract surgery]. / Taille de l'incision et astigmatisme induit dans la chirurgie de la cataracte.

A study was carried out of postoperative astigmatism in three groups of 50 eyes which had had cataracts removed by phacoemulsification or by planned extracapsular removal through incisions of 3.5-4 mm, 7-7.5 mm, and 10-11 mm respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in the average number of cases of astigmatism found 100 days after the operation in the patients in whom incisions of 10-11 mm (1.82 +/- 0.95 Dp) and 7-7.5 mm (1.78 +/- 0.90 Dp) were made. Appreciable differences were discovered when these two groups were compared with cases in which small incisions had been used and who presented a lower degree of astigmatism (1.02 +/- 0.59 Dp). To ensure less postoperative astigmatism after phacoemulsification, the size of the incision should be modified as little as possible during the insertion of the intraocular lens.

[Intraocular absorption of cyclosporin A eyedrops]. / Absorption intra-oculaire du collyre cyclosporine A.

A study was carried out on ocular and systemic absorption after topical application of 2% cyclosporin A in patients requiring corneal transplants, determining by polarized light immunofluorescence the levels of this drug in the cornea, aqueous humor and blood. Between 30 and 85 minutes after the last application, considerable levels of cyclosporin A were found in the explanted cornea (236 +/- 42 ng/mL). Relatively lower levels were found in the aqueous humor although there were significant differences between the patients who received a total topical dosage of 5 mg (16.92 +/- 6.86 ng/mL) and those who received 10 mg (25.06 +/- 9.13 ng/mL) over the same period of time. No analytically detectable levels were found in the plasma. We consider that topically administered cyclosporin A can reach immunosuppressive levels of activity in some ocular compartments thus eliminating the potential systemic effects resulting from its utilization by general administration.

[Cytomegalovirus retinitis in a pediatric AIDS patient]. / Retinitis por citomegalovirus en una paciente pediátrica diagnosticada de SIDA.

INTRODUCTION: Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) is the most frequently found opportunistic eye infection in adults with AIDS, with mean incidence of 20%-50%. However, only 5% of children with AIDS have this infection. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a six year old girl with stage C3 AIDS diagnosed at the age of 20 months, who developed unilateral diffuse retinitis due to CMV. The infection involved the posterior pole of the right eye, with retinal atrophy along the temporal vascular arcodes, and an active advance front in the temporal macula. The optic nerve was not found to be involved although the peripheral areas of the retina were involved leading to rhegmatogenous detachment of the superotemporal retina. In view of the systemic deterioration of the patient, no specific anti-CMV treatment was given. The patient died of respiratory insufficiency a few weeks later. CONCLUSIONS: CMV retinitis in paediatric AIDS patients is usually associated with more severe illness and a poorer general health than the adult population. In view of the absence of symptoms in these patients, periodic ophthalmoscopic examinations should be done in those who have severe immunological deterioration.

[Histiocytoid hemangioma of the epididymis. A very unusual entity]. / Hemangioma histiocitoide de epidídimo. Una entidad de gran rareza.

The presence of vascular origin tumor in the epididymis and testicle, are today considered of low frequency. We report a case of histiocytoid (epithelioid) hemangioma of the epididymis. Its differential diagnosis with the adenomatoid tumor, is discussed.

[Malignant fibrohistiocytoma of the renal capsule. Report of a case and review of the literature]. / Fibrohistiocitoma maligno de cápsula renal. Aportación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Presentation of one case of malignant fibrohistiocytoma derived from the renal capsule. While conducting a bibliographic review the low incidence of this tumoration of renal origin was noted. The difficulties in differentiating this entity from a secondary renal invasion by a malignant fibrohistiocytoma derived from other retroperitoneal structures is commented. Brief review of current diagnosis and therapeutical management for this tumoral entity.

[Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder. A little frequent neoformation]. / Leiomiosarcoma de vejiga urinaria. Una neoformación muy poco frecuente.

Presentation of one case of vesical wall leiomyosarcoma found during exploratory laparotomy due to abdominal pain, where partial cystectomy and lymphadenectomy were performed. Due to the singularity of this tumour, drafting of this clinical communication was undertaken including a brief review of the existing literature relative to the diagnosis and treatment of this neoformation.

[Mucinous adenocarcinoma. Unusual prostatic tumor]. / Adenocarcinoma mucinoso. Una tumoración prostática poco frecuente.

We report a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate. A 80 years-old patient was diagnosed with a transrectal multiple biopsy. We comment on the special histological patterns of the tumor as well as the established criterion for an appropriate diagnosis.

[Fibroepithelial polyp with atypical stromal cells in the trigone of the bladder as a cause of lower obstructive uropathy]. / Pólipo fibroepitelial con células estromales atípicas en el trígono vesical como causa de uropatía obstructiva baja.

Fibroepithelial polyp of the trigone of bladder conditioning an occlusive syndrome at the bladder cervix level causing secondary multidiverticular bladder with ureterohydro-nephrosis and chronic bilateral pyelonephritis. Besides the rare vesical location for the fibroepithelial polyps, the case also presents some atypical stromal cells.

[Renal oncocytoma in acquired cystic diseases]. / Oncocitoma renal en enfermedad quística adquirida.

The authors report a case of renal oncocytoma associated with acquired renal cystic disease and we comment on its pathogenesis and course. This case responds a patient with chronic end renal insufficiency, included in a maintenance hemodialysis program for the two previous years nefrectomy. The association of oncocytoma with acquired renal cystic disease has been previously described only twice; both patients have been hemodialyzed for a long time.

[Multilocular cysts. An entity of difficult classification. Apropos of two cases]. / Quiste multilocular. Una entidad de difícil clasificación. A propósito de dos casos.

Renal multilocular cyst continues to be, up-to-date, an entity of unknown pathoetiology. In many occasions, particularly in children, it has been mistaken with a partially differentiated cystic nephroblastoma. Due to the absolute benignancy of the multilocular cyst and the likelihood of preserving the renal parenchyma, we consider of interest to contribute a brief review of the current pathoetiological theories and clinical development, as well as our experience in this disease.

[Multilocular cyst of the kidney: clinico-pathologic considerations]. / Quiste multilocular renal: consideraciones clínico-patológicas.

Multilocular Renal Cyst is a variety contained within the Spectrum of Renal Embryonic Tumors, presenting much confusion relating to its terminology, histology, clinical aspects, etc. We have carried out a review of this subject through bibliographical compilation of the cases published between 1976-86, and close analysis of the series thus far published. The diagnostic criteria described by Boggs and Kimmeslstiels in 1956, which classify this entity separate from other varieties of R.E.T. and similar ones. This pathological state can be seen in both children and adults, and it is characterized by its unusual appearance, clinical silent in the adults and in the child it appears as an abdominal mass. This pathology lacks specific diagnostic tests as well as the assistance rendered by clinical, radiological or ultrasound studies, it will depend on a correct preoperative diagnosis, an extremely difficult task to achieve, or on a diagnostic approximation geared to avoid in the child population the implementation of coadjuvant measures to surgery that will no doubt give rise to unwanted situations in the long run. The treatment of this pathology is strictly surgical and must be preceded by an extremely conservative approach. Tumorectomy or Partial Nephrectomy is curative and sufficient. From the anatomopathological study of the surgical sample, the correct diagnosis may be inferred.

[Papillary necrosis and formation of fungal balls in a patient with AIDS: a clinical case and brief review]. / Necrosis papilar y formación de pelotones de hongos en paciente afecto de SIDA: caso clínico y breve revisión.

An AIDS case, with a Candida urinary infection causing papillary necrosis and accompanied by occurrence of fungal lumps is reported. The paper remarks on the incidence and peculiarities of urinary affectation in these patients, emphasizing the usefulness of percutaneous nephrostomy as a diagnostic, and above all as a therapeutic procedure, in cases of expanded urinary tract.

[Intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of subretinal neovascularization in a case of punctate inner choroidopathy]. / Ranibizumab intravítreo en el tratamiento de membrana neovascular subretiniana en un caso de coroidopatía puntata interna.

CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 28-year old woman suffering loss of visual acuity in her left eye, who presented an image suggestive of a subretinal neovascular membrane in her left eye, and bilateral retinal lesions compatible with punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC). She was treated with intravitreal ranibizumab obtaining excellent results. DISCUSSION: The differential diagnosis must be made between PIC and the rest of "white dot syndromes" and the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS). Antiangiogenic drugs may be a good alternative for the treatment of such diseases when they develop a subretinal neovascular membrane.