Layer-by-layer assembly and functionalization of nanobentonite with nanopolyaniline and oleic acid to remove divalent Zn, Co,65Zn, and 60Co from water and radioactive wastewater.

A novel material was designed using layer-by-layer functionalization of nanobentonite with nanopolyaniline and oleic acid to produce an efficient NBent-NPA-OA nanosorbent to adsorb the divalent ionic Zn/Co and their radioisotopes 65Zn/60Co from tap water and radioactive wastewater. The new nanosorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform-infrared (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and determination of surface area. The NBent-NPA-OA particle size was ranged between 9.45 and 33.60nm according to HR-TEM analysis. The FT-IR exhibited several characteristic absorption peaks due to the existence of deposited layers of nanopolyaniline and oleic acid on the surface of nanobentonite surface. Different experimental parameters including, initial pH, contact time, nanosorbent, initial concentration of the target metals and interfering ions were varied, investigated and optimized to evaluate the removal efficiency of the divalent ionic Zn/Co from their solutions by the action of NBent-NPA-OA nanosorbent. The collected batch equilibrium results confirmed the efficiency of newly functionalized NBent-NPA-OA nanosorbent to uptake the divalent ionic Zn/Co from their solutions (10.0mL of 0.01mol/L) with maximum capacity values 2.916 and 1.960mmolg-1, respectively using 5.0mg nanosorbent, pH 6.0 and 20min contact reaction time. The multistage microcolumn system was successfully implemented to remove the divalent ionic Zn/Co from tap water in addition to their radioisotopes 65Zn/60Co from radioactive wastewater. The current study refers to an excellent recovery and the removal percent of the radioisotopes 65Zn (96.4) and 60Co (92.7%) using NBent-NPA-OA nanosorbent.

Water treatment of hexavalent chromium by gelatin-impregnated-yeast (Gel-Yst) biosorbent.

A method is described for biosorption and water treatment of Cr(VI) from aqueous and real water samples by using gelatin-impregnated-yeast as a novel biosorbent. Gelatin and yeast materials (Gel-Yst) were combined together to form a novel eco-friendly, non-toxic, non-carcinogenetic, biodegradable, biocompatible and inexpensive biosorbent to enhance the extraction and biosorption of Cr(VI) from water. The potential affinity characters of Gel-Yst for biosorption of Cr(VI) were studied by the static technique in various buffer solutions. Other controlling experimental factors were also examined and evaluated. The effect of initial concentration of Cr(VI) was also evaluated to follow the postulates of Langmuir, Brunauer-Emmer-Teller (BET) and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) adsorption isotherms. The potential applications of Gel-Yst biosorbent in water treatment processes of Cr(VI) from real acidic and neutral water samples by using multi-stage micro-column techniques were successfully accomplished.

A novel cellulose-dioctyl phthate-baker's yeast biosorbent for removal of Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II).

In this work, dioctyl phthalate (Dop) was used as a highly plasticizing material to coat and link the surface of basic cellulose (Cel) with baker's yeast for the formation of a novel modified cellulose biosorbent (Cel-Dop-Yst). Characterization was accomplished by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) measurements. The feasibility of using Cel-Dop-Yst biosorbent as an efficient material for removal of Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) ions was explored using the batch equilibrium technique along with various experimental controlling parameters. The optimum pH values for removal of these metal ions were characterized in the range of 5.0-7.0. Cel-Dop-Yst was identified as a highly selective biosorbent for removal of the selected divalent metal ions. The Cel-Dop-Yst biosorbent was successfully implemented in treatment and removal of these divalent metal ions from industrial wastewater, sea water and drinking water samples using a multistage microcolumn technique.

Magnetically active biosorbent for chromium species removal from aqueous media.

A magnetically active composite as adsorbent was synthesized via a facile in situ one-pot impregnation of magnetic nano-iron oxide (Fe3O4) on the surface of activated carbon (AC) for the formation of AC-Fe3O4. Baker(')s yeast was physically loaded on the resultant adsorbent AC-Fe3O4 to form a novel yeast coated magnetic composite AC-Fe3O4-Yst as biosorbent. The two synthesized adsorbents were characterized by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and assessed using Langmuir, the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. The validity and applicability of these two sorbents in adsorptive removal of chromium species, Cr(VI) and Cr(III), from aqueous solutions under the effect of a magnetic field were studied and evaluated in the presence of various controlling parameters in order to identify the optimal pH, contact time, mass dose and chromium concentrations for such adsorption process. Also, single and multi-stage micro-column techniques were used to study the potential applications of AC-Fe3O4 as magnetically active adsorbents and AC-Fe3O4-Yst as magnetically active biosorbents, for the removal of chromium species from various real water samples.

Enhanced removing of phosphate ions from agricultural drainage wastewater by using microwave-assisted synthesized attapulgite (Fullers earth) @carboxymethylcellulose nanocomposite.

Contamination of various water resources with phosphate pollutant owing to the excessive use of phosphate fertilizers was labeled by dangerous consequences. Most of the water remediation methods are not efficient for phosphate recovery and always generate secondary wastes. Therefore, the current study is aimed to prepare a novel ecofriendly and sustainable APT500@CMC nanocomposite via simple covalent binding of thermally treated attapulgite clay at 500 °C (APT500) with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) using microwave irradiation process. The assembled nanocomposite was confirmed by diverse techniques. The optimum conditions for efficient 10, 25 and 50 mg/L PO43- removal were detected at pH 3, time 30 min, temperature 25 °C and mass 200 mg. The kinetic and isotherms were fitted both to a combination of pseudo 1st - 2nd orders and Langmuir model, while thermodynamic parameters verified PO43- removal via spontaneous and exothermic reaction behavior. The mode of interaction and binding of PO43- ions onto the surface of APT500@CMC were suggested via ion-pair interaction process. Excellent PO43- recovery (98.8 %) from real agricultural drainage wastewater was established. The explored APT500@CMC afforded good stability for five regeneration cycles. Therefore, the collected results confirm the validity of APT500@CMC for excellent removal of PO43- from real agricultural drainage wastewater.

Polyurethane reinforced with micro/nano waste slag as a shielding panel for photons (experimental and theoretical study).

This study not only provides an innovative technique for producing rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) composites, but it also offers a way to reuse metallurgical solid waste. Rigid polyurethane (RPUF) composite samples have been prepared with different proportions of iron slag as additives, with a range of 0-25% mass by weight. The process of grinding iron slag microparticles into iron slag nanoparticles powder was accomplished with the use of a high-energy ball mill. The synthesized samples have been characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope. Then, their radiation shielding properties were measured by using A hyper-pure germanium detector using point sources 241Am, 133 BA, 152 EU, 137Cs, and 60Co, with an energy range of 0.059-1.408 MeV. Then using Fluka simulation code to validate the results in the energy range of photon energies of 0.0001-100 MeV. The linear attenuation coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half-value layer and tenth-value layer, were calculated to determine the radiation shielding characteristics of the composite samples. The calculated values are in good agreement with the calculated values. The results of this study showed that the gamma-ray and neutron attenuation parameters of the studied polyurethane composite samples have improved. Moreover, the effect of iron slag not only increases the gamma-ray attenuation shielding properties but also enhances compressive strength and the thermal stability. Which encourages us to use polyurethane iron-slag composite foam in sandwich panel manufacturing as walls to provide protection from radiation and also heat insulation.

Synthesis of novel Cu/Fe based benzene Dicarboxylate (BDC) metal organic frameworks and investigations into their optical and electrochemical properties.

In the recent past Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based thin films have demonstrated superior performance in various technological applications such as optical and optoelectronic devices, electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, and sensing. Herein we report tuning the optical performance of stable complexes using Cu and Fe metal ions with carboxylate benzene dicarboxylic (BDC), leading toward the formation of novel MOF structures. The formation of Cu-BDC and Fe-BDC were confirmed by XRD and SEM studies. The thermal stability of two MOFs was investigated, indicating that, the Cu-BDC is more stable than Fe-BDC. Further, the optical properties were investigated in the wavelength range 325-1100 nm, and the Fe-BDC exhibited greater optical transmission properties than Cu-BDC by 33 %, as investigated by Wemple-DiDomenico and Tauc models. The dispersion parameters related to optical studies for Cu-BDC were better in comparison to Fe-BDC, which could be attributed to the increase in Cu valence electrons due to an increase in the number of cations. The electrochemical behavior in terms of CV measurements shows the presence of pseudo capacitance in both Fe-BDC and Cu-BDC MOFs. The improved CV performance of Cu-BDC MOF suggests that it could be used as a storage material. This work successfully demonstrates the tailoring of optical properties related to MOF thin films through the formation of stable complexes using BDC as a potential material for the fabrication of OLED's and Solar cells. The improved CV performance suggests that these MOF based materials could be used as anodes in fabrication of batteries or supercapacitors.

Cr(VI) and doxorubicin adsorptive capture by a novel bionanocomposite of Ti-MOF@TiO2 incorporated with watermelon biochar and chitosan hydrogel.

Biodegradable polymers, biochars and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have manifested as top prospects for elimination of harmful pollutants. In the current study, Ti-MOF was synthesized and decorated with TiO2 nanoparticles, then embedded into watermelon peel biochar and functionalized with chitosan hydrogel to produce Ti-MOF@TiO2@WMPB@CTH. Various instruments were employed to assure the effective production of the bionanocomposite. The HR-TEM and SEM studies referred to excellent surface porosity and homogeneity of Ti-MOF@TiO2@WMPB@CTH bionanocomposite, with 51.02-74.23 nm. Based on the BET analysis, the mesoporous structure has a significant surface area of 366.04 m2 g-1 and a considerable total pore volume of 11.38 × 10-2 cm3 g-1, with a mean pore size of 12.434 nm. Removal of doxorubicin (DOX) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was examined under various experimentations. Pseudo-second order kinetic models in addition to Langmuir isotherm offered the best fitting. Thermodynamic experiments of the two contaminants demonstrated spontaneous and endothermic interactions. After five subsequent adsorption and desorption cycles, Ti-MOF@TiO2@WMPB@CTH bionanocomposite demonstrated an exceptional recyclability for the elimination of DOX and Cr(VI) ions, reaching 97.96 % and 95.28 %, respectively. Finally, the newly designed Ti-MOF@TiO2@WMPB@CTH bionanocomposite demonstrated a high removing efficiency of Cr(VI) ions and DOX from samples of real water.

Synthesis of innovative and sustainable gelatin@graphene oxide-crosslinked-zirconium silicate@gelatin nanobiosorbent for effective biosorption of basic fuchsin dye.

Most dye stuffs and coloring materials are mainly categorized as hazardous pollutants in water effluents due to their nature as non-biodegradable, highly toxic and extremely carcinogenic. For this reason, rapid and efficient eradication of waste dyes from wastewaters before discharging into water streams must be accomplished by an acceptable approach as adsorption technique. Therefore, the present study is aimed and devoted to synthesize a novel nanobiosorbent from three different constituents, gelatin (Gel) as a sustainable natural product, graphene oxide (GO) as an example of highly stable carbonaceous material and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) as an example of combined metal oxides for the formation of Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel by using formaldehyde (F) as a cross-linkage reagent. Several characterization techniques as FT-IR were employed to identify the incorporated surface reactive Functionalities in Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel as -OH, =NH, -NH2, -COOH and C=O, etc. The morphology for particle shape and size of Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel were confirmed from the SEM and TEM analyses providing 15.75- 32.79 nm. The surface area was determined by the BET and found to correspond to 219.46 m2 g-1. Biosorptive removal of basic fuchsin (BF) pollutant as an example of a widely applicable dye in various activities was monitored and optimized under the influence of pH (2-10), reaction time (1-30 min), initial BF pollutant concentration (5-100 mg L-1), nanobiosorbent dosage (5-60 mg), temperature (30-60 °C) and interfering ions. The maximum biosorptive removal values of BF dye were established as 96.0 and 95.2% using 5 and 10 mg L-1, respectively at the recommended pH 7 condition. The Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the BF dye adsorption onto Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel was taken place via spontaneous and endothermic reaction. Chemisorption is the predominant adsorption mechanism by forming multilayers upon nonhomogeneous surface in accordance with Freundlich model hypothesis. The applicability of the optimized Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel in biosorptive removal of BF pollutant from real water sample was successfully accomplished by the batch technique. Thus, this study clearly shows that Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel exhibited significant influences on remediation of industrial effluents containing BF pollutant with superior efficiency.

Adsorption of 60Co(II) and 152+154Eu(III) radionuclides by a sustainable nanobentonite@sodium alginate@oleylamine nanocomposite.

A sustainable and efficient nanobentonite@sodium alginate@oleylamine (Nbent@Alg@OA) nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized via coating reaction of nanobentonite (Nbent) with alginate (Alg) and oleylamine (OA). The nanocomposite has been characterized and examined for the adsorption of 60Co(II) and 152+154Eu(III) radionuclides from simulated radioactive waste solution. FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and HR-TEM techniques have been applied to confirm the structural and morphological characteristics of the Nbent@Alg@OA nanocomposite. The effects of various parameters, such as pH of the medium, initial concentration of the radionuclides, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption of 60Co(II) and 152+154Eu(III) radionuclides were investigated by the batch adsorption technique. The results revealed that the optimum pH values for the adsorption of 152+154Eu (III) and 60Co (II) radionuclides were 4 and 5, respectively. The adsorption capacity of 152+154Eu(III) (65.6219 mg/g) was found greater than that of 60Co(II) (47.3469 mg/g). The adsorption process was found to be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the equilibrium isotherm evaluation revealed that the Langmuir model was adequately matched with the adsorption data. According to the thermodynamic characteristics, the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Regeneration and reuse of Nbent@Alg@OA nanocomposite confirmed that the recycled nanocomposite was sufficiently efficient in several successive practical applications.

Developing of Lead/Polyurethane Micro/Nano Composite for Nuclear Shielding Novel Supplies: γ-Spectroscopy and FLUKA Simulation Techniques.

In this work, the effect of adding Pb nano/microparticles in polyurethane foams to improve thermo-physical and mechanical properties were investigated. Moreover, an attempt has been made to modify the micron-sized lead metal powder into nanostructured Pb powder using a high-energy ball mill. Two types of fillers were used, the first is Pb in micro scale and the second is Pb in nano scale. A lead/polyurethane nanocomposite is made using the in-situ polymerization process. The different characterization techniques describe the state of the dispersion of fillers in foam. The effects of these additions in the foam were evaluated, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have all been used to analyze the morphology and dispersion of lead in polyurethane. The findings demonstrate that lead is uniformly distributed throughout the polyurethane matrix. The compression test demonstrates that the inclusion of lead weakens the compression strength of the nanocomposites in comparison to that of pure polyurethane. The TGA study shows that the enhanced thermal stability is a result of the inclusion of fillers, especially nanofillers. The shielding efficiency has been studied, MAC, LAC, HVL, MFP and Zeff were determined either experimentally or by Monte Carlo calculations. The nuclear radiation shielding properties were simulated by the FLUKA code for the photon energy range of 0.0001-100 MeV.

Endometrial Cancer Individualized Scoring System (ECISS): A machine learning-based prediction model of endometrial cancer prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a prognostic model for endometrial cancer (EC) that individualizes a risk and management plan per patient and disease characteristics. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study conducted in nine European gynecologic cancer centers. Women with confirmed EC between January 2008 to December 2015 were included. Demographics, disease characteristics, management, and follow-up information were collected. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 and 5 years comprise the primary outcomes of the study. Machine learning algorithms were applied to patient and disease characteristics. Model I: pretreatment model. Calculated probability was added to management variables (model II: treatment model), and the second calculated probability was added to perioperative and postoperative variables (model III). RESULTS: Of 1150 women, 1144 were eligible for 3-year survival analysis and 860 for 5-year survival analysis. Model I, II, and III accuracies of prediction of 5-year CSS were 84.88%/85.47% (in train and test sets), 85.47%/84.88%, and 87.35%/86.05%, respectively. Model I predicted 3-year CSS at an accuracy of 91.34%/87.02%. Accuracies of models I, II, and III in predicting 5-year DFS were 74.63%/76.72%, 77.03%/76.72%, and 80.61%/77.78%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The Endometrial Cancer Individualized Scoring System (ECISS) is a novel machine learning tool assessing patient-specific survival probability with high accuracy.

Enhanced removal of lead by chemically and biologically treated carbonaceous materials.

Hybrid sorbents and biosorbents were synthesized via chemical and biological treatment of active carbon by simple and direct redox reaction followed by surface loading of baker's yeast. Surface functionality and morphology of chemically and biologically modified sorbents and biosorbents were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis and scanning electron microscope imaging. Hybrid carbonaceous sorbents and biosorbents were characterized by excellent efficiency and superiority toward lead(II) sorption compared to blank active carbon providing a maximum sorption capacity of lead(II) ion as 500 µmol g(-1). Sorption processes of lead(II) by these hybrid materials were investigated under the influence of several controlling parameters such as pH, contact time, mass of sorbent and biosorbent, lead(II) concentration, and foreign ions. Lead(II) sorption mechanisms were found to obey the Langmuir and BET isotherm models. The potential applications of chemically and biologically modified-active carbonaceous materials for removal and extraction of lead from real water matrices were also studied via a double-stage microcolumn technique. The results of this study were found to denote to superior recovery values of lead (95.0-99.0 ± 3.0-5.0%) by various carbonaceous-modified-bakers yeast biosorbents.

Chemically and biologically modified activated carbon sorbents for the removal of lead ions from aqueous media.

A method is described for hybridization of the adsorption and biosorption characteristics of chemically treated commercial activated carbon and baker's yeast, respectively, for the formation of environmental friendly multifunctional sorbents. Activated carbon was loaded with baker's yeast after acid-base treatment. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy were used to characterize these sorbents. Moreover, the sorption capabilities for lead (II) ions were evaluated. A value of 90 µmol g(-1) was identified as the maximum sorption capacity of activated carbon. Acid-base treatment of activated carbon was found to double the sorption capacity (140-180 µmol g(-1)). Immobilization of baker's yeast on the surface of activated carbon sorbents was found to further improve the sorption capacity efficiency of lead to 360, 510 and 560 µmol g(-1), respectively. Several important factors such as pH, contact time, sorbent dose, lead concentration and interfering ions were examined. Lead sorption process was studied and evaluated by several adsorption isotherms and found to follow the Langmuir and BET models. The potential applications of various chemically and biologically modified sorbents and biosorbents for removal of lead from real water matrices were also investigated via multistage micro-column technique and the results referred to excellent recovery values of lead (95.0-99.0 ± 3.0-5.0 %).

Inclusion of bimetallic Fe0.75Cu0.25-BDC MOFs into Alginate-MoO3/GO as a novel nanohybrid for adsorptive removal of hexavalent chromium from water.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as porous materials have recently attracted research works in removal of toxic pollutants from water. Cr(VI) is well-known as one of the most toxic forms of chromium and the selection of efficient and effective Cr(VI)-remediation technology must be focused on a number of important parameters. Therefore, the objective of this work is to fabricate a novel nanohybrid adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) by using assembled bimetallic MOFs (Fe0.75Cu0.25-BDC)-bound- Alginate-MoO3/Graphene oxide (Alg-MoO3/GO) via simple solvothermal process. The aimed Fe0.75Cu0.25-BDC@Alg-MoO3/GO nanohybrid was confirmed by FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA. Adsorptive extraction of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution was aimed by various optimized experimental parameters providing optimum pH = 3, dosage = 5-10 mg, starting concentration of Cr(VI) = 5-15 mg L-1, shaking time = 5-10 min. The point of zero charge (pHPzc) was 3.8. For Cr(VI) removal by Fe0.75Cu0.25-BDC@Alg-MoO3/GO, four isotherm models were estimated: Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) with calculated correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9934) for Langmuir model which was higher than others. The collected results from the kinetic study clarified that pseudo-second order model is the most convenient one for describing the adsorption behavior of Cr(VI) and therefore, the adsorption process was suggested to rely on a chemisorption mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters referred that the adsorption mechanism is based on a spontaneous and exothermic process. Finally, the emerged Fe0.75Cu0.25-BDC@Alg-MoO3/GO nanohybrid was confirmed as an effective adsorbent for extraction of hexavalent chromium from real water specimens (tap, sea water and wastewater) with percentage recovery values > 98%.

Adsorption behavior of silver quantum dots by a novel super magnetic CoFe2O4-biochar-polymeric nanocomposite.

Recent industrial development and research progress in nanotechnology have led to the release of a number of nanomaterials with particle sizes (1-10 nm) which are categorized as quantum dots (QDs) in aquatic system. Disposal away of such QDs will cause potential pollution to the environment. Therefore, removal of disposed QDs from wastewater represents a challenging research subject for scientists and engineers. Hence, the objective of this study is devoted to assess the process of coagulative removal of silver quantum dots (Ag-QDs), as an example, from water by a novel super magnetic nanocomposite. Such material was aimed to prepare from the chemical combination and reaction of a generated Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulata peels biochar (SMCsr-B) with spinel cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) as a super-magnetic source. The produced (SMCsr-B) was then crosslinked with polyurea-formaldehyde polymer (PUF) using EDA in only two minutes via microwave irradiation to produce (SMCsr-B/PUF). The SEM, EDX, FT-IR, XRD, and XPS analyses of the assembled (SMCsr-B/PUF) nanocomposite were acquired to confirm surface morphology and chemical structure. Controlling experimental factors were investigated as pH, time, and Ag-QDs pollutant concentration using microwave irradiative removal technique to establish the efficiency of coagulative adsorption of Ag-QDs onto (SMCsr-B/PUF). The solution (pH 5) was proved to exhibit the higher removal percentages of Ag-QDs in 15-25 s. SMCsr-B/PUF nanocomposite exhibited high removal efficiency as 93.12%, 92.39% and 92.48% upon using 20, 40 and 60 mg L-1 of Ag-QDs, respectively in presence of 10 mM NaCl. The kinetic and equilibrium adsorption data were best fitted to Freundlich model. The prepared SMCsr-B/PUF was successfully utilized as an efficient super magnetic nanocomposite for removal and recovery of Ag-QDs from aqueous environment.

Adsorptive removal of Ag/Au quantum dots onto covalent organic frameworks@magnetic zeolite@arabic gum hydrogel and their catalytic microwave-Fenton oxidative degradation of Rifampicin antibiotic.

Recent progress in nanotechnology via incorporation of small particle size as quantum dots (QDs) (1-10 nm) in many industrial activities and commercial products has led to significant undesired environmental impacts. Therefore, QDs removal from wastewater represents an interesting research topic with a lot of challenges for scientists and engineers nowadays. In this work, the coagulative removal of metal quantum dots as silver and gold from industrial water samples is explored. A novel biosorbent was assembled via binding of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with magnetic zeolite and Arabic gum hydrogel (COFs@MagZ@AGH) as a promising removal material for Ag-QDs and Au-QDs. This was fully characterized by EDX, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, XRD and surface area and applied in coagulative removal of Au-QDs and Ag-QDs in presence of several experimental factors as pH, presence of other electrolytes, stirring time, initial QDs concentration, coagulant dosage, and temperature in order to optimize the removal processes. At optimum conditions, COFs@MagZ@AGH was able to recover 99.19% and 87.57% of Ag-QDs and Au-QDs QDs, respectively via chemical adsorption mechanism with perfect fitting to pseudo-second order model. Reuse of the recovered Ag/Au-QDs@COFs@MagZ@AGH as efficient catalysts in catalytic degradation of Rifampicin antibiotic (Rf) from water was additionally investigated and optimized via microwave-Fenton catalysts with excellent oxidative degradation efficiency (100%). Reusability and applicability of the biosorbent (COFs@MagZ@AGH) and catalysts (Ag/Au-QDs@COFs@MagZ@AGH) in real industrial water samples were also explored and successfully accomplished.

A novel ß-cyclodextrin/alginate-combined-nickel oxide nanosorbent for adsorptive remediation of 51Cr and 56Mn radionuclides.

A Promising nanocomposite from ß-Cyclodextrin/Alginate (ß-CD/Alg) composite impregnated with nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) has been synthesized and characterized using diverse techniques like FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and SEM. The new nanocomposite has been investigated for the efficient remediation of 51Cr and 56Mn radionuclides from simulated contaminated radioactive water. All the controlling experimental parameters such as solution pH, contact time, initial radionuclides concentration and adsorbent mass have been investigated and optimized. The distribution coefficient values Kd (mL/g) for 51Cr and/or 56Mn radionuclides have been calculated for all factors it was found that the optimum pH values were at 5 and 6 with Kd 5300, and 4500, for 51Cr and/or 56Mn, respectively and the equilibrium was at 90 and 100 (min) with Kd values 5600 and 4800 for 51Cr and/or 56Mn, respectively.

Self-decoration of N-doped graphene oxide 3-D hydrogel onto magnetic shrimp shell biochar for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium.

In this work, a novel decorated and combined N-doped graphene oxide hydrogel with shrimp shell magnetic biochar (NGO3DH-MSSB) biosorbent was fabricated as an effective material for Cr(VI) removal. Three-dimensional self-assembled graphene oxide hydrogel was synthesized using nitrogen source, ethylenediamine (EDA). Characterizations of NGO3DH-MSSB biosorbent were established by FT-IR, TGA, SEM and BET, where high surface area (398.05 m2/g) compared with that of MSSB (138.64 m2/g) was characterized. The maximum achieved swelling ratio (800%) was only after 300 min. The binding mechanisms between Cr(VI) ions and NGO3DH-MSSB biosorbent were controlled by electrostatic adsorption (ion-pair), pore filling, and reduction-coordination reaction. Adsorption was described by the pseudo-second order kinetic (R2 =0.9994, 0.9983 and 0.9992) at 10, 50 and 100 mg/L and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 =0.9997, 0.9957 and 0.9912) at 25, 40 and 50 °C. The adsorption capacity (350.42 mg/g) was achieved at pH 1.0, using initial Cr(VI) concentration (100 mg/L) and contact time (180 min) at room temperature. NGO3DH-MSSB biosorbent could be successfully reused after eight cycles. The percentage removal of Cr(VI) were confirmed as 99.79%, 99.20% and 98.00% from tap water, sea water and wastewater, respectively.

Decorated Mn-ferrite nanoparticle@Zn-Al layered double hydroxide@Cellulose@ activated biochar nanocomposite for efficient remediation of methylene blue and mercury (II).

An innovative magnetic nanocomposite was designed and fabricated by the functionalization and support of magnetic Mn-ferrite nanoparticle (MnFe2O4) with layered double hydroxide (Zn-Al LDHs) on cellulose and activated grapes stalks-derived biochar (AGB) (MnFe2O4@Zn-Al LDHs@Cel@AGB), to incorporate active functionalities and fantastic features with the aim to explore its feasibility for removal of harmful cationic species as methylene blue dye (MB) and mercury ions from wastewater. Structural, composition, morphological, surface area, adsorption performance of the fabricated nanocomposite toward both MB and Hg(II) and reusability were also investigated. The results referred that 10 mg ofthe nanocomposite exhibited 97.4% and 84.0 % removal efficiency of 10mgL-1 MB dye and 0.1 mol L-1 Hg(II) at 25 and 30 min contact times, respectively. Adsorption isotherms and kinetics of the two pollutants (MB and Hg(II)) were both governed by the pseudo-second-order equation with possible participation of intraparticle diffusion mechanism.