Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 6 de 6
Filtrar
1.
Pharmacogenomics J ; 20(4): 613-620, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32015454

RESUMO

Oseltamivir, a pro-drug, is the best option for treatment and chemoprophylaxis for influenza outbreaks. However, many patients treated with oseltamivir developed adverse reactions, including hypersensitivity, gastritis, and neurological symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in Mexican patients treated with oseltamivir and whether these ADRs are associated with SNPs of the genes involved in the metabolism, transport, and interactions of oseltamivir. This study recruited 310 Mexican patients with acute respiratory diseases and treated them with oseltamivir (75 mg/day for 5 days) because they were suspected to have influenza A/H1N1 virus infection. Clinical data were obtained from medical records and interviews. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and TaqMan probes. The association was assessed under genetic models with contingency tables and logistic regression analysis. Out of 310 patients, only 38 (12.25%) presented ADRs to oseltamivir: hypersensitivity (1.9%), gastritis (10%), and depression and anxiety (0.9%). The polymorphism ABCB1-rs1045642 was associated with adverse drug reactions under the recessive model (P = 0.017); allele C was associated with no adverse drug reactions, while allele T was associated with adverse drug reactions. The polymorphisms SLC15A1-rs2297322, ABCB1-rs2032582, and CES1-rs2307243 were not consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and no other associations were found for the remaining polymorphisms. In conclusion, the polymorphism rs1045642 in the transporter encoded by the ABCB1 gene is a potential predictive biomarker of ADRs in oseltamivir treatment.


Assuntos
Antivirais/metabolismo , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/genética , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/metabolismo , Oseltamivir/metabolismo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Transtornos Respiratórios/genética , Transtornos Respiratórios/metabolismo , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Antivirais/efeitos adversos , Transporte Biológico/fisiologia , Criança , Interações Medicamentosas/fisiologia , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Feminino , Estudos de Associação Genética/métodos , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/genética , Influenza Humana/metabolismo , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oseltamivir/efeitos adversos , Transporte Proteico/fisiologia , Transtornos Respiratórios/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Respiratórios/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
2.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1402527, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38932780

RESUMO

Introduction: The end of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization on May 5, 2023. Several vaccines were developed, and new data is being published about their effectiveness. However, the clinical trials for the vaccines were performed before the Omicron variant appeared and there are population groups where vaccine effectiveness still needs to be tested. The overarching goal of the present study was to analyze the effects of COVID-19 vaccination before and after the Omicron variant in patients considering comorbidities in a population from Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Methods: Epidemiological COVID-19 data from the Mexican Social Security Institute were collected from 67 hospitals located in northeastern Mexico, from July 2020 to May 2023, and a total of 669,393 cases were compiled, 255,819 reported a SARS-CoV-2 positive reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) test or a positive COVID-19 antigen rapid test. Results: Before Omicron (BO, 2020-2021), after 14 days of two doses of COVID-19 vaccine, BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 vaccines were effective against infection in non-comorbid and all comorbid subgroups, whereas after Omicron (AO, 2022- 2023) there was no significant effectiveness against infection with none of the vaccines. Regarding hospitalization BO, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1, CoronaVac and mRNA-1273 significantly protected non-comorbid patients whereas BNT162b2, ChAdOx1, and mRNA-1273, protected all comorbid subgroups against hospitalization. AO, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1, CoronaVac and mRNA-1273 were effective against hospitalization in non-comorbid patients whereas for most comorbid subgroups BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 and CoronaVac were effective against hospitalization. Non-comorbid patients were protected against death as an outcome of COVID-19 during the BO period with most vaccines whereas a reduction in effectiveness was observed AO with mRNA-1273 vaccines in patients with hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Discussion: BO, COVID-19 vaccines were effective against infection, hospitalization, and death whereas AO, COVID-19 vaccines failed to protect the population from COVID-19 infection. A varying effectiveness against hospitalization and death is observed AO.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Comorbidade , SARS-CoV-2 , Eficácia de Vacinas , Humanos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , COVID-19/epidemiologia , México/epidemiologia , Vacinas contra COVID-19/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Masculino , Eficácia de Vacinas/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Clin Med ; 12(7)2023 Apr 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37048758

RESUMO

People with comorbidities and the male sex are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19. In the present study, we aim to investigate the associated factors for infection, severity, and death due to COVID-19 in a population from Nuevo León, México. Epidemiological COVID-19 data were collected from 65 hospitals from December 2020 to May 2022. A total of 75,232 cases were compiled from which 25,722 cases were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Male sex, older age, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension were associated with infection. In addition to the above-mentioned factors, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and immunosuppression were found to be associated with increased COVID-19 severity. These factors, as well as neurological diseases, are also associated with death due to COVID-19. When comparing the different variants of SARs-CoV-2, the variant B1.1.519 increased the probability of death by 2.23 times compared to the AY.20 variant. Male sex, older age, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, severity, and death. Along with the aforementioned comorbidities, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and immunosuppression are also associated with severity and death. Another factor associated with death is the presence of neurological disease. The SARS-CoV-2 B1.1.519 variant increases the odds of death compared to the SARS-CoV-2 AY.20 variant.

4.
Indian J Tuberc ; 66(1): 70-75, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30797287

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The impact of host genetic variation in susceptibility of tuberculosis is well documented. The vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) is a transacting transcription factor which mediates innate immune response by enhancing the expression of several antimicrobial peptides, including cathelicidin. An association between VDR polymorphisms with tuberculosis (TB) has been investigated in different ethnic groups; however there are contradictions and inconsistencies in the results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between polymorphisms of functional VDR with the susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in a Mexican population. METHODS: A case-control study was performed in, 257 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 457 healthy controls recruited from: family medicine clinics of the Mexican Social Security Institute. The VDR gene polymorphisms Fok I (rs 2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236) were genotyped by TaqMan assays. Statistical analysis was performed using: Epi Info V-7 and SNP Stats software. RESULTS: No statistically significant associations were observed in genotype and haplotype distribution between BsmI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms and disease susceptibility. The CC genotype for the VDR gene FokI was significantly more frequent in patients than in controls (29.6% versus 17.5%, OR=1.97; 95% CI=1.37-2.8, PC=0.0004). Moreover, TT genotype was decreased in patients as compared to the control group (24.1% versus 34.8%, OR=0.59; 95% CI=0.42-0.84, PC=0.004). CONCLUSION: To our best knowledge, this is the first case-control study that finds an association between CC genotype of FokI SNP in the VDR gene with pulmonary tuberculosis in Mexican patients. However more validation studies should be performed to prove our conclusions.


Assuntos
Receptores de Calcitriol/genética , Tuberculose Pulmonar/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo Genético , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Adulto Jovem
5.
Viral Immunol ; 28(5): 248-54, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25923384

RESUMO

There is a strong interest in finding adequate biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection. In this study, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and laboratory markers were evaluated to assess their usefulness as biomarkers of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 and their association with fatal cases. Serum samples of consecutive patients with a clinical presentation suggestive of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 and progression to sepsis were evaluated. Serum inflammatory cytokines and routine laboratory tests were performed and correlated with positivity for influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 influenza by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and the results of three clinical severity scores (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA], CURB-65, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II [APACHE II]). High SOFA scores and some of its individual components, but not CURB-65 or APACHE II scores, correlate with fatal cases regardless of etiology. Total and unconjugated bilirubin, Ca(++), Cl(-), prothrombin times, and partial thromboplastin times discriminate influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 from other causes of community-acquired pneumonia. High levels of IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17 were increased in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 patients when compared with controls (p<0.05). IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 patients and non-(H1N1)pdm09 patients when compared with controls (p<0.05). TGF-ß serum levels discern between healthy controls, influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 patients, and patients with other causes of community-acquired pneumonia. TGF-ß levels were negatively correlated with SOFA on admission in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 patients. TGF-ß levels are a useful tool for differentiating influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 from other causes of pneumonia progressing to sepsis.


Assuntos
Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/sangue , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/sangue , Sepse/sangue , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/sangue , Adulto , Bilirrubina/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/virologia , Feminino , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Interleucina-10/sangue , Interleucina-17/sangue , Interleucina-6/sangue , Interleucina-8/sangue , Masculino , Tempo de Tromboplastina Parcial , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Pneumonia/virologia , Tempo de Protrombina , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Sepse/microbiologia , Sepse/virologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
6.
J Virol Methods ; 193(2): 487-91, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23891871

RESUMO

The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) outbreak allowed the implementation of new epidemiologic surveillance tools in several countries around the world. A new molecular protocol with appropriate sensitivity and specificity using real-time RT-PCR was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to identify the pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus in human specimens. In the CDC protocol, positive controls are available only upon request and they are taken from cell cultures infected with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus, representing a handling risk for laboratory technicians. The poor availability of positive control materials in diagnostic laboratories may limit the public health response. The aim of the work presented in this paper was to develop positive controls for the diagnostic testing of influenza A(H1N1) virus that could be used in the CDC real-time RT-PCR protocol. A series of plasmid constructs bearing partial sequences of the viral genes were created and each construct was used as a template for in vitro transcription. RNA molecules were obtained successfully at high yield, i.e., 2×10(7) assays per microliter. Thus, the inclusion of these molecules in the influenza panel as positive controls is proposed. The in vitro transcribed RNA could also be used as quality standards in the design of international proficiency studies.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/virologia , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/normas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/normas , Padrões de Referência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/normas , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Plasmídeos , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Transcrição Gênica
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA