RESUMO
The proliferative cell process that causes prostate enlargement, obstruction of the bladder outlet, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prevalence of BPH worldwide is approximately 10%, 20%, 50%, and 80% for men in their 30s, 40s, 60s, and 70s, respectively. Recent data have revealed that overactivation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system increases the level of bioactive peptide hormone angiotensin II, which downregulates the ACE2-angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor axis path and upregulates angiotensin receptor type 1-mediated signaling, which finally leads to a proliferation of cellular elements in the prostate. We have hypothesized the mechanism that reverses the downregulation of the ACE2-angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor axis path and the upregulation of angiotensin receptor type 1-mediated signaling. Thus, we posit that ACE2, Ang-(1-7), and the Mas receptor could be novel therapeutic targets for treating BPH/LUTS.
Assuntos
Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/genética , Hiperplasia Prostática/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/genética , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Angiotensina II/biossíntese , Angiotensina II/genética , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2 , Proliferação de Células/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperplasia Prostática/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperplasia Prostática/patologia , Proto-Oncogene Mas , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/genética , Transdução de Sinais/genéticaRESUMO
Diabetes mellitus is becoming the critical problem among the entire world and it is difficult to understand the molecular mechanism representing the concept of diabetic pathology. Recently the knowledge of the involvement of genetics in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) susceptibility has sketched a great concentration towards the transcriptional activity of ß cells within the pancreas. This disease becomes the leading cause of death, so it is necessary to study the molecular pathogenesis, phenotypes, and characteristics to design the therapeutic parameters. Here in this review role of miRNA is being illustrated as it plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis, progression, and fate of beta cells of pancreas regulating the insulin secretion. Here in this review, we try to include the effects and pathophysiology of various miRNA in diabetes mellitus and on the various sites of the human body.