Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(19)2023 Oct 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37834367

RESUMO

Alterations in the gut-liver axis and changes in the gut microbiome are among the risk factors for the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). These patients show increased bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine and impaired intestinal permeability. Therefore, therapeutic options such as probiotics or prebiotics have been investigated to modulate intestinal microbiota composition to improve NAFLD. Most in vivo and in vitro probiotic studies have focused on reducing hepatic fat accumulation. The beneficial effects of probiotics on NAFLD have been demonstrated in animal models, and the most widely used microorganisms are those of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera. In animal models, probiotics help restore the intestinal microbiota and improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This narrative review summarizes published evidence and the likely benefits of probiotics and prebiotics as a therapeutic option for patients with NAFLD.


Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Probióticos , Animais , Humanos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Prebióticos , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Fígado/patologia , Fatores de Risco , Disbiose/patologia
3.
Diagnostics (Basel) ; 14(7)2024 Apr 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38611675

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and a combination of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) have been proposed as predictive scores for liver steatosis (LS). The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of these indices compared with controlled attenuation parameters (CAPs) and other predictive scores of LS. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients who attended a check-up unit in 2021 was performed. LS was determined by CAP. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters for calculating TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, fatty liver index, and hepatic steatosis index were obtained. ROC curve was used to establish the best cut-off point of each TyG index for LS detection. The accuracy was determined for all patients, as well as for overweight and diabetic patients. RESULTS: Medical records of 855 patients with a median age of 48 [IQR, 44-54] years and a BMI of 25.7 [IQR 23.4-28.1] kg/m2 were included. According to CAP, LS prevalence was 31.8% (n = 272). TyG-BMI and TyG-WC show better AUCs compared with CAP (0.82, 0.81), FLI (0.96, both), and HSI (0.93, 0.85). For diabetic patients, TyG-WC shows an AUC of 0.70. Meanwhile, TyG-BMI shows better accuracy (0.75) compared with CAP. CONCLUSIONS: TyG-BMI and TyG-WC showed a superior predictive accuracy for detecting LS compared with the TyG index.

4.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am ; 52(3): 533-545, 2023 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37495343

RESUMO

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects around 10% of women in the reproductive age group and is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS is highly associated with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) as both diseases share common risk factors. At the time of diagnosis of PCOS, screening for MAFLD is necessary because most patients with MAFLD are asymptomatic. The importance of early detection of MAFLD in patients with PCOS is that a timely intervention in patients with steatosis or steatohepatitis can reduce the probability of liver disease progression.


Assuntos
Hiperandrogenismo , Resistência à Insulina , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico , Humanos , Feminino , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/complicações , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/diagnóstico , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/complicações , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Hiperandrogenismo/complicações
5.
Int J Surg Pathol ; 25(7): 576-584, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28705040

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Study of minimum adenocarcinoma has been done almost exclusively on conventional acinar adenocarcinoma. Pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma can be confused with benign lesions because of its well-differentiated appearance and has not been studied when the biopsy shows few malignant glands (limited carcinoma). METHODS: We reviewed 94 pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinomas diagnosed in prostatic biopsies for a period of 12 years and selected those measuring less than 1 mm or involving less than 5% of the biopsied tissue. We also reviewed 200 consecutive consultations. RESULTS: Four (4.2%) of the 94 cases were limited pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinomas, and 3 were from consultations. Three of them were mistaken for hyperplastic nodules, prostatic adenosis, or prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm. The number of glands varied between 6 and 50 (average 23). Three nodular histological patterns were identified-nodular, adenosis-like, and pseudohyperplastic carcinoma resembling prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was not related to the number of neoplastic glands. Histological criteria that were useful included: crowded medium to large glands, papillary infoldings, branching glands, straight luminal borders, hyperchromatic nuclei, nucleomegaly, and apparent nucleoli. Areas of transition to conventional acinar adenocarcinoma were useful in recognizing four of these neoplasms, but were barely apparent in 2 of them. Hyperchromatic nuclei were found in all cases, whereas apparent nucleoli and nucleomegaly were only present in 4. CONCLUSIONS: The architectural and cytological criteria for limited acinar adenocarcinoma are only partially useful in interpreting minimum pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinomas. Knowledge of the criteria for malignancy in both neoplasms is important in order to avoid underdiagnosis of malignancy.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Próstata/patologia , Neoplasia Prostática Intraepitelial/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Idoso , Biópsia por Agulha , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Encaminhamento e Consulta
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA