Improvements in Clinical Outcomes in Children with Cystic Fibrosis aged Six and 16 years.

Aims Our aim was to assess if outcomes for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients at six & sixteen years of age have improved in the last 17 years looking at FEV1, BMI and death. Methods A retrospective observational study using a prospectively maintained database of CF patients at Cork University Hospital. Results 84 patients were included in the 16-year-old data and 89 patients were included in the six-year-old data. The mean FEV1 and BMI (16 years) for the 2002-2007 group was 72.9±21.0% and 18.9±2.53 respectively, 2008-2013 group was 75.4±27.2% and 19.8±2.7 and for the 2014-2018 group was 95.2±16.0% and 22.9±4.1. The percentage of patients (16 years) with chronic pseudomonas status was 37.9% (11/30) in the 2002-2007 group, 51.6 % (16/31) in the 2008-2013 group and 4.2% (1/24) in the 2014-2018 group. The relationship between FEV1 and FVC with BMI remained significant in multivariate analysis (P <0.001). The mean FEV1 (six years) for the 2002-2007 group was 90.7±16.1%, 2008-2013 group was 99.3±17.9% and for the 2014-2018 group was 100.9±15.8%. Conclusions Improvements in FEV1 and BMI aged six and 16 years are notable as well as a significant decline in the number of patients with chronic pseudomonas.

The Influence of Different Physical Activity Behaviours on the Gut Microbiota of Older Irish Adults.

OBJECTIVE: A 24-hour day is made up of time spent in a range of physical activity (PA) behaviours, including sleep, sedentary time, standing, light-intensity PA (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), all of which may have the potential to alter an individual's health through various different pathways and mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PA behaviours and the gut microbiome in older adults. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants (n=100; age 69.0 [3.0] years; 44% female) from the Mitchelstown Cohort Rescreen (MCR) Study (2015-2017). METHODS: Participants provided measures of gut microbiome composition (profiled by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons), and objective measures of PA behaviours (by a 7-day wear protocol using an activPAL3 Micro). RESULTS: Standing time was positively correlated with the abundance of butyrate-producing and anti-inflammatory bacteria, including Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Bifidobacterium, MVPA was positively associated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae bacteria, while sedentary time was associated with lower abundance of Ruminococcaceae and higher abundance of Streptococcus spp. CONCLUSION: Physical activity behaviours appear to influence gut microbiota composition in older adults, with different PA behaviours having diverging effects on gut microbiota composition.