The association between edentulism and progress of multimorbidity over 12 years among older American adults.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between edentulism and the progress of multimorbidity, and the role of nutritional intake and behaviours among older Americans. METHODS: We used 7 waves (2006-2018) of the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal survey of older Americans (number included in analysis 2,224). Edentulism was assessed in 2006 and 2012. Multimorbidity was indicated by 5 self-reported conditions: diabetes, heart conditions, lung diseases, cancer, and stroke. Behavioural factors were smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, physical activity, and body mass index. Nutritional intake was calculated by summing 10 nutrients (Protein, Vitamins C, D, B12, E, Calcium, Zinc, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, Folate and ß- carotene). Multilevel models for analysis of longitudinal data were used to assess the association between change in repeated measures of multimorbidity (between 2006 and 2018) and edentulism (2006) adjusting for nutritional intake, behavioural and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS: Participants who were edentate in 2006 and 2012 had higher rate-ratios (RR) for change in multimorbidity between 2006 to 2018 (RR: 1.29 and 1.28, respectively). After adjusting for socioeconomic factors, total nutrients and behavioural factors, these RR attenuated to 1.12 (95%CI: 1.06, 1.18) and 1.10 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.16), respectively. Total nutrition was negatively associated with progress of multimorbidity, but after adjusting for socioeconomic and behavioural factors the association became insignificant. Total nutrients rates in 2013 were significantly lower among those who were edentate in 2006 and 2012. CONCLUSION: There was a longitudinal association between edentulism and progress of multimorbidity. The relationship appeared to be mediated be behaviours and nutrition.

Dual institution experience of nodal marginal zone lymphoma reveals excellent long-term outcomes in the rituximab era.

Nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from mature B-cells. We delineate outcomes, prognostic factors and treatment trends among a large cohort of patients with NMZL in the rituximab era. We identified 56 such patients treated at our institutions. The majority presented with advanced stage disease (78·6%). Over a median follow-up of 38·2 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 42·4 months and median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Kaplan-Meier estimates of OS at 120 months after diagnosis was 71·9%. High-risk follicular lymphoma international prognostic index (FLIPI) was associated with inferior PFS. Age >60 years and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were associated with inferior OS. Transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurred in 7 patients, 6 of who presented with advanced disease. OS was comparable to our previously reported extranodal MZL cohort. FLIPI score predicted for inferior PFS and OS when both cohorts were analysed together (n = 267). In summary, outcomes in NMZL are favourable with a large majority of patients surviving at 120 months. High risk FLIPI, age >60 years, and elevated serum LDH were associated with inferior outcomes.

Dual institution experience of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma reveals excellent long-term outcomes.

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) is a B-cell lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). The disease characteristics, clinical course and treatment vary considerably based on site of involvement. Because long-term outcome data for EMZL are limited, we sought to describe the clinical details of a large number of patients with EMZL evaluated at the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center over a 12-year period to identify prognostic markers including the impact of site of involvement. We identified 211 cases of EMZL involving the stomach (30%), ocular adnexa (19%), lungs (16%) and intestines (9%). Initial treatment included antibiotics (18%), radiation (21%), rituximab (20%), chemotherapy (3%), rituximab + chemotherapy (7%), surgery (17%) or observation (8%). After a median follow-up of 44·3 months (range 2·2-214·9), median progression-free survival (PFS) was 68·2 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 54·5-111·3) and median overall survival (OS) has not been reached. Age >60 years, elevated lactate dehydrogenase level (LDH), ≥4 lymph node groups involvement, and high follicular lymphoma international prognostic index (FLIPI) were associated with inferior PFS/OS. In summary, patients with EMZL have excellent prognosis with median OS in excess of 10 years. Age, elevated LDH, advanced disease, and high FLIPI score are associated with worse outcomes.

The Study of the Prevalence of Knowledge and Vaccination Status of HPV Vaccine Among Healthcare Students at a Tertiary Healthcare Center in Western India.

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common vaccine-preventable cancers. An amalgamation of timely screening and vaccination is an effective strategy to combat the prevalence of cervical cancer. We sought to assess knowledge, awareness, and practices regarding HPV cancer, screening, and vaccination as these are the bases for developing attitudes and practices which, in the long run, shall change the culture of the community for primary prevention. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with an anonymous questionnaire to check knowledge, attitude, and practice toward cervical cancer and HPV vaccination. The study was conducted for MBBS, physiotherapy, and nursing students aged between 17 and 24 years across all years at Bhaikaka University, irrespective of gender. Prior consent from the participants was taken while filling out the questionnaire. Results: Out of 868 students, 76% responded. Females were double than males, and there is no statistical difference between them. Overall knowledge regarding cancer was > 80%, but screening knowledge was < 10%, and that regarding vaccination was around 50%. There is a visible statistical difference between MBBS and non-MBBS students. More than > 80% have positive attitudes toward HPV vaccination, but only 7.72% are vaccinated. 42.7% had accepted a lack of knowledge as the reason for not getting vaccinated. Conclusion: Partial knowledge and poor vaccination, even in advanced age and healthcare communities, suggest a strong need for community intervention at the early adolescent age by a multispecialty and multidisciplinary team. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-023-01891-4.

Heat Capacities of Natural Antlerite and Brochantite at Low Temperature.

The investigation of a magnetic component of the heat capacity of natural samples of copper sulfates antlerite Cu3SO4(OH)4 in the temperature range below 40 K and brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6 below 55 K has been carried out. A regular component of the heat capacity has been calculated from experimental data of adiabatic calorimetry. In the low-temperature area of (0 to 55) K two peaks of magnetic heat capacity for brochantite have been registered. The contributions of anomalous component ΔStr into entropy of the minerals are (11 ± 3) J·mol-1·K-1 for antlerite and (5.3 ± 1.5) J·mol-1·K-1 for brochantite.

Enhancement of sewage sludge thickening and energy self-sufficiency with advanced process control tools in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant.

On their path to becoming sustainable facilities, it is required that wastewater treatment plants reduce their energy demand, sludge production, and chemical consumption, as well as increase on-site power generation. This study describes the results obtained from upgrading the sludge line of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant over 6 years (2015-2021) using three advanced process control strategies. The advanced process control tools were designed with the aim of (i) enhancing primary and secondary sludge thickening, (ii) improving anaerobic digestion performance, and (iii) reducing chemical consumption in the sludge line. The results obtained show that the use of advanced process control tools allows for optimising sludge thickening (increasing solids content by 9.5%) and anaerobic digestion (increasing both the removal of volatile solids and specific methane yield by 10%, respectively), while reducing iron chloride and antifoam consumption (by 75% and 53%, respectively). With the strategies implemented, the plant increased its potential energy self-sufficiency from 43% to 51% and reduced de-watered sludge production by 11%. Furthermore, the upgrade required a low investment, with a return of capital expense (CAPEX) in 1.98 years, which presents a promising and affordable alternative for upgrading existing wastewater treatment plants.

A qualitative meta-synthesis of common and unique preferences for supportive services among persons with young onset dementia and their caregivers.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Young onset dementias (young onset dementia) produce a myriad of stressors for persons with young onset dementia and their caregivers, yet there is a critical shortage of supportive services that address their needs. To develop such services, it is necessary to first comprehensively understand persons' with young onset dementia and their caregivers' service preferences. Therefore, we conducted a meta-synthesis to integrate and summarize qualitative data on persons' with young onset dementia and caregivers' preferences for supportive services for young onset dementia, defined as support provided by medical providers, psychosocial interventions, and any other resources/services provided to promote positive adjustment in persons with young onset dementia and their caregivers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We searched five electronic databases for qualitative articles from inception to January 2020. We extracted and synthesized data from eligible articles using thematic analysis. After removal of duplicates, we screened 219 articles identified through database and hand searches. FINDINGS: Forty-three studies met our inclusion criteria. We extracted findings from these 43 studies on preferences within three a priori defined domains: 1) general characteristics of supportive services, 2) format and modality of supportive services, and 3) content for supportive services. Persons with young onset dementia and caregivers predominantly expressed common preferences, with some unique preferences based on their specific roles within the partnership. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Persons with young onset dementia and their caregivers endorsed largely overlapping preferences, including having direct contact with providers and the ability to participate together in programs that have content and skills relevant to their specific needs and challenges. Findings can directly inform the format, content, and procedures of supportive services for persons with young onset dementia and their caregivers.

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome after liver transplantation: case report and literature review.

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that causes human infections and whose life cycle has special features, including autoinfection. Strongyloides infection may be asymptomatic for years, owing to a low parasite load. During immunosuppressive therapy, however, if cellular immunity is depressed, autoinfection can occur at a higher rate, resulting in hyperinfection syndrome. In this specific circumstance, it can become a fatal illness. We describe a case of hyperinfection syndrome in a liver transplant recipient and also review the literature.

Structure-property relationship of Co2MnSi thin films in response to He+-irradiation.

We investigated the structure-property relationship of Co2MnSi Heusler thin films upon the irradiation with He+ ions. The variation of the crystal structure with increasing ion fluence has been probed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and associated with the corresponding changes of the magnetic behavior. A decrease of both the structural order and the moment in saturation is observed. Specifically, we detect a direct transition from a highly L21-ordered to a fully A2-disordered structure type and quantify the evolution of the A2 structural contribution as a function of ion fluence. Complementary TEM analysis reveals a spatially-resolved distribution of the L21 and A2 phases showing that the A2 disorder starts at the upper part of the films. The structural degradation in turn leads to a decreasing magnetic moment in saturation in response to the increasing fluence.

Inhibition of Hsp90 function by ansamycins causes downregulation of cdc2 and cdc25c and G(2)/M arrest in glioblastoma cell lines.

Ansamycins exert their effects by binding heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and targeting important signalling molecules for degradation via the proteasome pathway. We wanted to study the effect of geldanamycin (GA) and its derivative 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) on glioblastoma cell lines. We show that these cells are growth inhibited by ansamycins by being arrested in G(2)/M and, subsequently, cells undergo apoptosis. The protein levels of cell division cycle 2 (cdc2) kinase and cell division cycle 25c (cdc25c) were downregulated upon GA and 17-AAG treatment and cdc2 kinase activity was inhibited. However, other proteins involved in the G(2)/M checkpoint were not affected. The cdc2 and cdc25c mRNA levels did not show significant differences upon ansamycin treatment, but the stability of cdc2 protein was reduced. The association of cdc2 and cdc25c with p50(cdc37), an Hsp90 co-chaperone, decreased, but the interaction of cdc2 and cdc25c with the Hsp70 co-chaperone increased after ansamycin treatment. Proteasome inhibitors were able to rescue the cdc2 downregulation, but not the cdc25c reduction. However, calpain inhibitors were able to rescue the cdc25c downregulation, suggesting that cdc25c is proteolysed by calpains in the presence of ansamycins, and not by the proteasome. We conclude that ansamycins downregulate cdc2 and cdc25c by two different mechanisms.

Splenic marginal zone lymphoma: excellent outcomes in 64 patients treated in the rituximab era.

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We sought to identify prognostic factors and define outcomes in a cohort of 64 patients with SMZL who were treated at two large academic medical centers in North America in the rituximab era. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 37.8 (range 6-167.1) months, Kaplan-Meier estimate of median OS was 156.3 months and median PFS was 52.9 months. On univariate analysis, baseline hemoglobin <12 g/dl was associated with inferior OS (p = 0.045). High-risk FLIPI score was associated with inferior PFS when compared with intermediate/low risk (p = 0.05) and marginally significant with regard to OS (p = 0.056). Splenectomy was not predictive of OS or PFS (p = 0.563 and 0.937, respectively). Transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurred in four (6.3%) patients during the observation period. OS was comparable to contemporaneous cohorts of patients with extranodal and nodal marginal lymphomas and FLIPI score was highly predictive for inferior PFS and OS when all three cohorts were analyzed together. CONCLUSION: Outcomes of SMZL, in our series, were excellent, with a median OS of >13 years. Low hemoglobin and high-risk FLIPI were associated with inferior outcomes.

Review of forensic assessments of female referrals to the branch of legal medicine, Malatya region, Turkey--1996-2000.

It is well recognized that the most pervasive form in gender violence is violence against women by their intimate male partners. Domestic violence (DV) crosses all cultures, races, and socioeconomic levels, affecting people of all ages and both sexes, but particularly women and children. DV refers to the chronic physical, sexual and psychological maltreatment of one family member against another in order to control. DV represents a significant health threat to women. It may also be an important precipitating factor of female suicide. As the literature has begun to document the extent of interfamilial violence, attention has focused on forensic documentation. The aim of this study is to review female victims presented at the Branch of Legal Medicine of Malatya, Turkey, regarding gender-based violence and DV in relation towards sexual offenses and suicide attempts. Accordingly, recommendations were presented to increase the awareness of DV by setting policies and in response legislative recommendations. The legal reports of women (n=2245) were reviewed. In respect of the Turkish Penal Code (TPC), paragraph 456/1, 2, 3 and 4, which covers the act of assault and battery, the severity of the injuries have been categorized into three groups according to the Turkish Injury Scale (TIS) covered by TPC 456/1, 2 and 4, into the issues of functional incapacitation according to TPC 456/2 and 3, and with regard to the presence of a mark of an injury on the face according to TPC 456/2 tables. Because of incomplete data, not all results be categorized as positive for DV. Despite the large number of blunt force injuries (699 cases out of 2245) and the high percentage of external lesions, 76% of 1796 files, found, recognition of DV was uncommon. According to TPC 456/4, in cases of small trauma-related injuries, legal proceedings are dependent upon a victim's making a complaint. The percentage of 80.4% (n=2245) represents the need for information regarding legal requirements. The frequency of sexual assault cases, 144 victims out of 162, and in suicide attempts, 95 women out of 145, in the 15-24 year age span may also reflect a society's accusative approach towards women based on moral values. Unless prosecuting DV cases purely on the evidence in regard to victim's safety, withdrawal of complaints will continue. It is essential to identify to 'name' DV when it occurs. Recognizing the serious immediate and future long-term implications for health, multifaceted intervention is important. DV has to undergo some fundamental and far-reaching reformation in Turkey regarding how the legal system deals with it appropriately.

Some samples of weapons and instruments used as weapon in criminal offenses in Turkey.

The variety of instruments used for crime of violence is wide. Besides the manufactured legal weapons, there are comparable numbers of purchased instruments, which are used as lethal weapons and significant numbers of comprising home-made ones. The instruments used during the commission of a crime shows similarity throughout the countries. Nevertheless, there are small differences to be seen. The topic of this subject features the types of weapons used in criminal offenses in Turkey.

[Comparative study of 3 markers in ovarian cancer: CA 125, CA 19,9 and CEA]. / Etude comparative de trois marqueurs dans le cancer de l'ovaire: CA 125, CA 19,9 et ACE.

CA 125 is today the best tumour marker to follow up the evolution of epithelial cancers of the ovary where it is elevated in about 80% of cases (as compared with a positive finding in only 20% for CEA and CA 19,9): it is no use as a screening test, it does reflect the quality of the first debulking operation, it makes it possible to follow the clinical evolution of the disease and thus to modify the adjuvant treatment, it helps to indicate whether a second look operation should be carried out; but it does not dispense altogether with the second look operation because even when CA 125 returns to normal the disease is sometimes still not eradicated, finally, it gives an opportunity to look early for any recurrences.

Suicide of elderly persons: towards a framework for prevention.

Suicide is an act of intentionally terminating one's own life. Although suicide rates vary across demographic categories, they have increased by approximately 60% in the last 50 years. Many studies of adolescent suicidal behavior have noted impulsivity to be a common feature in the younger age group, while with older people there is evidence of planning and a strong intent to die. In fact, older people are most successful as an age group with approximately one in four attempts resulting in death. While very comprehensive statistics are available on many aspects of this problem for the Turkish population as a whole, this data does not include physical factors like illnesses, legal domiciles like nursing homes, economic standards and history of attempted suicides. This necessary data would add greatly to the available data and accuracy of research in this area. Whereas Turkish national risk factor procedures are available, precaution procedures and suicide attempt data is not. There is no way of knowing how many deceased had a history of repetitions. It is suggested that this could be attributed to routine failure to observe and mitigate risk factors. The size of this problem is being demonstrated with this presented case report about a planned complex suicide with multiple sharp forced injuries and substance intoxication; a completed suicide that was potentially preventable with timely detection and intervention. In accordance, suicidal risk factors in the old age population, precautions, along with the characteristics of this suicidal case, are evaluated within existing published work.

Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry study of anti-inflammatory activity of plantain (Plantago L.) species.

To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of selected Plantago species (P. lanceolata L. and P. major L.) an optimized in vitro test for determination of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) inhibition potency was undertaken. By using intact cell system (platelets) as a source of COX-1 and 12-LOX enzymes and highly sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS technique for detection of main arachidonic acid metabolites formed by COX-1 and 12-LOX, this test provides efficient method for evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of plant extracts and isolated compounds. Our results validated the well-known COX-1 inhibitory activity of P. lanceolata and P. major methanol extracts (concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC(50)) was 2.00 and 0.65 mg/ml, respectively). Furthermore, 12-LOX inhibitory activity of examined extracts was reported for the first time (IC(50)=0.75 and 1.73 mg/ml for P. lanceolata and P. major, respectively). Although renowned inhibitors, such as acetylsalicylic acid and quercetin showed higher activity, this study verifies P. lanceolata and P. major as considerable anti-inflammatory agents.