LKB1/KRAS mutant lung cancers constitute a genetic subset of NSCLC with increased sensitivity to MAPK and mTOR signalling inhibition.

LKB1/STK11 is a multitasking tumour suppressor kinase. Germline inactivating mutations of the gene are responsible for the Peutz-Jeghers hereditary cancer syndrome. It is also somatically inactivated in approximately 30% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report that LKB1/KRAS mutant NSCLC cell lines are sensitive to the MEK inhibitor CI-1040 shown by a dose-dependent reduction in proliferation rate, whereas LKB1 and KRAS mutations alone do not confer similar sensitivity. We show that this subset of NSCLC is also sensitised to the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Importantly, the data suggest that LKB1/KRAS mutant NSCLCs are a genetically and functionally distinct subset and further suggest that this subset of lung cancers might afford an opportunity for exploitation of anti-MAPK/mTOR-targeted therapies.

[Hormonal balance in women with lung cancer and its changes after combined treatment]. / Gormonal'nyi balans u zhenshchin, bol'nykh rakom legkogo, i ego izmenenie pod vliianiem kombinirovannogo lecheniia.

A relatively more favorable course of lung cancer and higher survival rates observed in female patients than in males make the case for further study of the problem. Endocrine system study group included female lung cancer patients. Blood-ACTH, FSH, LH, STH, T3 and T4 as well as F, 17-CS and estrogen excretion with urine were followed prior to, immediately and long after treatment in 25 menopausal and 11 premenopausal cases (at folliculin phase). Most patients revealed increased levels of free hydrocortisone in blood and urine matched by a lowered excretion of 17-CS. Hyperproduction of ACTH was registered in 40%, whereas 60% showed subnormal concentrations of said hormone. On the average, the levels of estrogens were increased, gonadotropin--decreased, T3--below normal concentrations and T4 and STH--within norm. TTH levels showed a wide-range variation: half that in healthy females-20%, and much higher than in healthy one-65%. Concentration of F was close to normal 15-20 days after surgery while ACTH and 17-CS--after one year. The levels of the other hormones remained virtually unchanged within 1-3 years.

[Vestibular disorders and methods for their correction]. / Vestibuliarnye rasstroistva i metody ikh korrektsii.

The analysis of etiological agents and clinical presentations of vestibular disorders was presented in the article. Pathogenetic way of treatment of vestibular disorders is substantiated by the author. The paper gives data obtained which show Betaserk treatment efficacy.

[The characteristics of the cardiac bioelectrical activity in patients after mild craniocerebral trauma]. / Kharakteristika bioélektricheskoi aktivnosti serdtsa u bol'nykh posle legkoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

In a 4- to 12-month clinical and instrumental examination of 166 patients aged 20-30 years having sustained light craniocerebral injury, functional disturbances were disclosed in cardiac performance presenting as early ventricular repolarization syndrome, high incidence of systolic noise of functional genesis, that were associated with other signs of dysfunction of the vegetative nervous system.

[Aspects of diagnosis and treatment of the facial nerve neuropathy]. / Nekotorye aspekty diagnostiki i lecheniia nevropatii litsevogo nerva.

As many as 86 patients with neuropathy of the facial nerve complicated by development of postneuritic muscular contractures were examined. Based on the clinical-and-neurophysiological investigation, findings from rheoencephalography, electroencephalography, echoencephaloscopy, electrodiagnosis of the facial nerve, clinical variants of the facial nerve function return to normal were defined together with causes of development of muscular contractures. Efficiency is shown of use of acupuncture and magnetotherapy combined in treatment of the above trouble.

[Clinico-neurophysiological correlations in post-traumatic epilepsy]. / Kliniko-neirofiziologicheskie sopostavleniia pri posttravmaticheskoi épilepsii.

A total of 76 subjects presenting with sequelae of moderately severe and severe craniocerebral injury were examined. Used in the study were electroencephalography, computerized and magnetic-resonance tomography of the brain. The degree of the clinically significant epileptic syndrome has been shown to be related to the site of trauma, perifocal, remote changes in brain tissue. The brain exhibits a local and total response to the craniocerebral injury, as evidenced by electroencephalography.

[The use of prodigiozan in the combined therapy of the sequelae of mild craniocerebral trauma]. / Primenenie prodigiozana v kompleksnoi terapii posledstvii legkoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

Based on findings secured with the aid of instrumental and immunological techniques (electroencephalography, echoencephalography, roentgenoencephalography) a total of 57 patients with sequelae of mild craniocerebral injury were examined. Used in the study as an immunomodulating agent was prodigiosan. The drug was found to improve the bioelectrical activity of the brain, and to increase the amplitude of blood filling as evidenced by neurophysiological investigations. Moreover, prodigiosan makes for reduction of vegetovascular disorders and epileptic seizures, returning the level of neurospecific proteins to normal.

[The affection of the nervous system in patients with malignant tumor of testis]. / Porazhenie nervnoi sistemy u bol'nykh so zlokachestvennoi opukhol'iu iaichka.

Clinical observations of intracranial metastases of seminoma testis were performed together with studying of their morphological types and cerebral localization.