The MsDHN1-MsPIP2;1-MsmMYB module orchestrates the trade-off between growth and survival of alfalfa in response to drought stress.

Dehydrins and aquaporins play crucial roles in plant growth and stress responses by acting as protector and controlling water transport across membranes, respectively. MsDHN1 (dehydrin) and MsPIP2;1 (aquaporin) were demonstrated to interact with a membrane-anchored MYB protein, MsmMYB (as mMYB) in plasma membrane under normal condition. MsDHN1, MsPIP2;1 and MsDHN1-MsPIP2;1 positively regulated alfalfa tolerance to water deficiency. Water deficiency caused phosphorylation of MsPIP2;1 at Ser 272, which led to release C terminus of mMYB (mMYBΔ83) from plasma membrane and translocate to nucleus, where C terminus of MsDHN1 interacted with mMYBΔ83, and promoted mMYBΔ83 transcriptional activity in response to water deficiency. Overexpression of mMYB and mMYBΔ83 down-regulated the expression of MsCESA3, but up-regulated MsCESA7 expression by directly binding to their promoters, and resulted in high drought tolerance in transgenic hairy roots. These results indicate that the MsDHN1-MsPIP2;1-MsMYB module serves as a key regulator in alfalfa against drought stress.

IDH1 mutation produces R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG) and induces mir-182-5p expression to regulate cell cycle and tumor formation in glioma.

BACKGROUND: Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2), are present in most gliomas. IDH1 mutation is an important prognostic marker in glioma. However, its regulatory mechanism in glioma remains incompletely understood. RESULTS: miR-182-5p expression was increased within IDH1-mutant glioma specimens according to TCGA, CGGA, and online dataset GSE119740, as well as collected clinical samples. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate ((R)-2HG) treatment up-regulated the expression of miR-182-5p, enhanced glioma cell proliferation, and suppressed apoptosis; miR-182-5p inhibition partially eliminated the oncogenic effects of R-2HG upon glioma cells. By direct binding to Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2 C (CDKN2C) 3'UTR, miR-182-5p inhibited CDKN2C expression. Regarding cellular functions, CDKN2C knockdown promoted R-2HG-treated glioma cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, and relieved cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, CDKN2C knockdown partially attenuated the effects of miR-182-5p inhibition on cell phenotypes. Moreover, CDKN2C knockdown exerted opposite effects on cell cycle check point and apoptosis markers to those of miR-182-5p inhibition; also, CDKN2C knockdown partially attenuated the functions of miR-182-5p inhibition in cell cycle check point and apoptosis markers. The engineered CS-NPs (antagomir-182-5p) effectively encapsulated and delivered antagomir-182-5p, enhancing anti-tumor efficacy in vivo, indicating the therapeutic potential of CS-NPs(antagomir-182-5p) in targeting the miR-182-5p/CDKN2C axis against R-2HG-driven oncogenesis in mice models. CONCLUSIONS: These insights highlight the potential of CS-NPs(antagomir-182-5p) to target the miR-182-5p/CDKN2C axis, offering a promising therapeutic avenue against R-2HG's oncogenic influence to glioma.

The Cdk5 inhibitor ß-butyrolactone impairs reconsolidation of heroin-associated memory in the rat basolateral amygdala.

The persistence of maladaptive heroin-associated memory, which is triggered by drug-related stimuli that remind the individual of the drug's pleasurable and rewarding effects, can impede abstinence efforts. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a neuronal serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in multiple neuronal functions, has been demonstrated to be involved in drug addiction and learning and memory. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of cdk5 activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in relapse to heroin seeking, using a self-administration rat model. Male rats underwent 10 days of heroin self-administration training, during which an active nose poke resulted in an intravenous infusion of heroin that was accompanied by a cue. The rats then underwent nose poke extinction for 10 days, followed by subsequent tests of heroin-seeking behaviour. We found that intra-BLA infusion of ß-butyrolactone (100 ng/side), a Cdk5 inhibitor, administered 5 min after reactivation, led to a subsequent decrease in heroin-seeking behaviour. Further experiments demonstrated that the effects of ß-butyrolactone are dependent on reactivated memories, temporal-specific and long-lasting on relapse of heroin-associated memory. Results provide suggestive evidence that the activity of Cdk5 in BLA is critical for heroin-associated memory and that the specific inhibitor, ß-butyrolactone, may hold potential as a substance for the treatment of heroin abuse.

The miR-27a-3p/FTO axis modifies hypoxia-induced malignant behaviors of glioma cells.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malignant types of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. N6-methyladenine (m6A) RNA modification is a main type of RNA modification in eukaryotic cells. In this study, we find that the m6A RNA methylation eraser FTO is dramatically downregulated in glioma samples and cell lines, particularly in intermediate and core regions and hypoxia-challenged glioma cells. In vitro, FTO overexpression inhibits the hypoxia-induced capacities of glioma cells to proliferate, migrate and invade, and decreases the percentage of cells with m6A RNA methylation. In vivo, FTO overexpression inhibits tumor growth in the xenograft model and decreases the protein levels of migration markers, including Vimentin and Twist. miR-27a-3p is upregulated within glioma intermediate and core regions and hypoxia-challenged glioma cells. miR-27a-3p inhibits the expression of FTO via direct binding to FTO. miR-27a-3p overexpression promotes hypoxia-challenged glioma cell aggressiveness, whereas FTO overexpression partially diminishes the oncogenic effects of miR-27a-3p overexpression. FTO overexpression promotes the nuclear translocation of FOXO3a and upregulates the expression levels of the FOXO3a downstream targets BIM, BNIP3, BCL-6, and PUMA, possibly by interacting with FOXO3a. Conclusively, FTO serves as a tumor suppressor in glioma by suppressing hypoxia-induced malignant behaviors of glioma cells, possibly by promoting the nuclear translocation of FOXO3a and upregulating FOXO3a downstream targets. miR-27a-3p is a major contributor to FTO downregulation in glioma under hypoxia.

A HIF1A/miR-485-5p/SRPK1 axis modulates the aggressiveness of glioma cells upon hypoxia.

The high aggressiveness of gliomas remains a huge challenge to clinical therapies, and the hypoxic microenvironment in the core region is a critical contributor to glioma aggressiveness. In this study, it was found that miR-485-5p was low expressed within glioma tissue samples and cells. GO enrichment annotation indicated that the predicted downstream targets miR-485-5p were enriched in hypoxia response and decreased oxygen level. In glioma cells, miR-485-5p overexpression suppressed cell viability, migratory ability, and invasive ability under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Through direct binding, miR-485-5p suppressed SRPK1 expression. Under hypoxia, SRPK1 overexpression enhanced hypoxia-induced glioma cell aggressiveness and significantly reversed the effects of miR-485-5p overexpression. Moreover, HIF1A could target the miR-485-5p promoter region to inhibit the transcription. HIF1A, miR-485-5p, and SRPK1 form a regulatory axis, which modulates glioma cell aggressiveness under hypoxia. In conclusion, we identify a HIF1A/miR-485-5p/SRPK1 axis that modulates the aggressiveness of glioma cells under hypoxia. The axis could potentially provide new research avenues in the treatment of gliomas considering the hypoxic environment in its core.

Correlates of stigma for patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the factors associated with stigma in breast cancer women. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and two Chinese electronic databases were electronically searched to identify eligible studies that reported the correlates of stigma for patients with breast cancer from inception to July 2022. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. R4.1.1 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Twenty articles including 4161 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Results showed that breast cancer stigma was positively correlated with working status, type of surgery, resignation coping, depression, ambivalence over emotional expression, and delayed help-seeking behavior and negatively correlated with age, education, income, quality of life, social support, confrontation coping, psychological adaptation, self-efficacy, and self-esteem. Descriptive analysis showed that breast cancer stigma was positively correlated with intrusive thoughts, body image, anxiety, and self-perceived burden but negatively correlated with a sense of coherence, personal acceptance of the disease, sleep quality, cancer screening attendance and doctor's empathy. CONCLUSION: Many demographic, disease-related, and psychosocial variables are related to breast cancer stigma. Our view can serve as a basis for health care professionals to develop health promotion and prevention strategies for patients with breast cancer.

Twenty-four-week interim outcomes of bedaquiline-containing regimens in treatment of adolescents with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: A retrospective cohort study in China.

AIM: To evaluate the 24-week interim outcomes of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of adolescents with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in China. METHODS: Adolescents with RR-TB from two hospitals were included in this retrospective study. All patients received the longer regimen containing bedaquiline. Sputum culture, chest computed tomography, blood tests and electrocardiography were performed regularly, and the outcomes after 24 weeks of treatment were reported. RESULTS: Four male and six female adolescents aged 11 to 17 years old were included. Among them, four (40.0%), four (40.0%) and two (20.0%) were confirmed to have RR-TB, multidrug-resistant TB and extensively drug-resistant TB, respectively. The most common companion drugs included linezolid (100.0%), cycloserine (90.0%), pyrazinamide (80.0%), moxifloxacin (50.0%) and levofloxacin (40.0%). Culture conversion rates of 80.0%, 100.0% and 100.0% were observed at weeks 2, 4 and 24, respectively. The mean maximum drug concentration of bedaquiline at weeks 2, 12 and 24 was 3.29 ± 0.66, 1.78 ± 0.81 and 1.93 ± 0.74 µg/mL, respectively. Six adverse events including leukopenia (50.0%), Fridericia-corrected QT (QTcF) interval prolongation (16.7%), anaemia (16.7%) and peripheral neuropathy (16.7%) were observed in five (50.0%) patients. No patient discontinued bedaquiline owing to QTcF interval prolongation. Meanwhile, no deaths, reversions or serious adverse events were reported during 24 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSION: A longer regimen containing bedaquiline was effective and well tolerated in Chinese adolescents with RR-TB. The combination of bedaquiline and linezolid may be a favourable choice for this population.

Mechanisms for hypoxia-induced long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 in promoting temozolomide resistance of glioma. / ä½Žæ°§è¯±å¯¼é•¿é“¾éžç¼–ç æ ¸å† å°RNAå®¿ä¸»åŸºå› 14促进胶质瘤替莫唑胺耐药的机制.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the role of hypoxia-induced long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (lncRNA SNHG14) in glioma temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and underlying mechanisms. METHODS: According to different treatments, the experiment was divided into a normoxia group and a hypoxia group, a control group and a TMZ group. The lncRNA SNHG14 and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) levels in glioma SNB19 and U251 cell line were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively, and the association of lncRNA SNHG14 level with hypoxia and TMZ treatment was analyzed. siRNA was used to knockdown the lncRNA SNHG14 expression in glioma cells, and the transfected glioma cells were divided into a negative control group (si-NC group) and a si-SNHG14 group. The interference efficiency was examined by real-time PCR, the key factor MGMT of lncRNA SNHG14 sensitivity regulation was detected by Western blotting, and the cell apoptosis was detected by cytometry. In addition, MTT method was used to detect the cell viability of gliomas in the different groups under the different TMZ concentrations, and the effect of lncRNA SNHG14 on TMZ sensitivity of gliomas was analyzed. Online tools were used to predict miRNAs that could specifically bind to lncRNAs SNHG14 and MGMT. A si-NC group, a si-SNHG14 group, a normoxia group and a hypoxia group were set up, and the changes of miR-143 abundance in different environments were observed by real-time PCR. miR-143 mimics and inhibitor were used to change the level of miR-143 in glioma cells. A NC inhibitor group, a miR-143 inhibitor group, a NC mimics group and a miR-143 mimics group were set up, the interference efficiency was detected by real-time PCR, the expression level of MGMT was detected by Western blotting, and the effect of miR-143 on the level of MGMT were analyzed. The NC inhibitor group, the miR-143 inhibitor group, the NC mimics group and the miR-143 mimics group were treated with different interventions, and the dual luciferase reporter assay was used to observe the changes of lncRNA SNHG14 and MGMT luciferase activities, and to verify the relationship among lncRNA SNHG14, miR-143 and MGMT. Finally, a NC group and a lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression group were set up, and the changes in the abundance of miR-143 and MGMT in each group were detected by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation experiments, and the competitive binding relationship among lncRNA SNHG14, miR-143 and MGMT was analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the normoxia group, the hypoxia group could promote the expression of lncRNA SNHG14 in glioma cells. Compared with the control group, the expression of lncRNA SNHG14 could be significantly inhibited in the TMZ group (P<0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the expression of lncRNA SNHG14 in the si-SNHG14 group could be effectively inhibited, and the expression level of MGMT was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (all P<0.05). With the increase of TMZ concentrations, the glioma cell viability in the si-SNHG14 group was significantly lower than that in the si-NC group, and the cell viability in the hypoxia group was significantly higher than that in the normoxia group (both P<0.05). Online tool prediction found that miR-143 had binding sites with lncRNA SNHG14 and MGMT. The abundance of miR-143 in the hypoxia group was significantly lower than that in the normoxic group, and the abundance of miR-143 in the si-SNHG14 group was significantly higher than that in the si-NC group (both P<0.05). The miR-143 mimics group or the miR-143 inhibitor group could significantly over-express or under-express miR-143 (both P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the NC mimics group (or the NC inhibitor group) and the control group (both P>0.05). The level of MGMT protein could significantly up-regulate in the miR-143 inhibitor group, and on the contrary which could significantly down-regulate in the miR-143 mimics group (both P<0.01). The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that there was no significant difference between the NC mimics group (or the NC inhibitor group) and the control group (both P>0.05). The wild-type SNHG14 and MGMT luciferase activities were significantly down-regulated in the miR-143 mimics group, which were significantly up-regulated in the miR-143 inhibitor group (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively), but there was no significant change in the luciferase activities of mutant SNHG14 and MGMT (both P>0.05). The results of the RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation experiment showed that: compared with the NC group, more lncRNA SNHG14 was bound to the precipitated argonaute 2 protein in the cells in the lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression group, but the abundance of MGMT mRNA was decreased significantly, and there were significant differences (both P<0.01). There was a targeting regulatory relationship among lncRNA SNHG14, miR-143 and MGMT. CONCLUSIONS: The up-regulated lncRNA SNHG14 can target miR-143, relieve the inhibition of miR-143 on MGMT, and promote the TMZ resistance in the hypoxia-induced glioma cells.

CD44-Targeted and Enzyme-Responsive Photo-Cross-Linked Nanogels with Enhanced Stability for In Vivo Protein Delivery.

One of the biggest challenges of the protein delivery system is to realize stable and high protein encapsulation efficiency in blood circulation and rapid release of protein in the targeted tumor cells. To overcome these hurdles, we fabricated enzyme-responsive photo-cross-linked nanogels (EPNGs) through UV-triggered chemical cross-linking of cinnamyloxy groups in the side chain of PEGylation hyaluronic acid (HA) for CD44-targeted transport of cytochrome c (CC). The EPNGs showed high loading efficiency and excellent stability in different biological media. Notably, CC leakage effectively suppressed under physiological conditions but accelerated release in the presence of hyaluronidase, an overexpressed enzyme in tumor cells. Moreover, thiazolylblue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) results indicated that the vacant EPNGs showed excellent nontoxicity, while CC-loaded EPNGs exhibited higher killing efficiency to CD44-positive A549 cells than to CD44-negative HepG2 cells and free CC. Confocal images confirmed that CC-loaded EPNGs could effectively be internalized by CD44-mediated endocytosis pathway and rapidly escape from the endo/lysosomal compartment. Human lung tumor-bearing mice imaging assays further revealed that CC-loaded EPNGs actively target tumor locations. Remarkably, CC-loaded EPNGs also exhibited enhanced antitumor activity with negligible systemic toxicity. These results implied that these EPNGs have appeared as stable and promising nanocarriers for tumor-targeting protein delivery.

Analysis of 4 imaging features in patients with COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this was to analyze 4 chest CT imaging features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shenzhen, China so as to improve the diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODS: Chest CT of 34 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by the nucleic acid test (NAT) were retrospectively analyzed. Analyses were performed to investigate the pathological basis of four imaging features("feather sign","dandelion sign","pomegranate sign", and "rime sign") and to summarize the follow-up results. RESULTS: There were 22 patients (65.2%) with typical "feather sign"and 18 (52.9%) with "dandelion sign", while few patients had "pomegranate sign" and "rime sign". The "feather sign" and "dandelion sign" were composed of stripe or round ground-glass opacity (GGO), thickened blood vessels, and small-thickened interlobular septa. The "pomegranate sign" was characterized as follows: the increased range of GGO, the significant thickening of the interlobular septum, complicated with a small amount of punctate alveolar hemorrhage. The "rime sign" was characterized by numerous alveolar edemas. Microscopically, the wall thickening, small vascular proliferation, luminal stenosis, and occlusion, accompanied by interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, as well as numerous pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and partial hyaline degeneration were observed. Repeated chest CT revealed the mediastinal lymphadenectasis in one patient. Re-examination of the NAT showed another positive anal swab in two patients. CONCLUSION: "Feather sign" and "dandelion sign" were typical chest CT features in patients withCOVID-19; "pomegranate sign" was an atypical feature, and "rime sign" was a severe feature. In clinical work, accurate identification of various chest CT signs can help to improve the diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 and reduce the misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis rate.

Temperature-Controlled Divergent Hydroamination Cyclization [2+2]-Cycloaddition Cascade Reactions of Homopropargylic Amines with 2-Butynedioates: Direct Access To Pyrrolo- b-cyclobutene and Dihydro-1 H-azepines.

The diversified temperature-controlled hydroamination cyclization cascade reactions of homopropargylic amines and 2-butynedioates were developed for the construction of various pyrrolo- b-cyclobutenes and dihydro-1 H-azepines, respectively. This reaction actually involved an intramolecular hydroamination cyclization of homopropargylic amines to give the active dihydropyrroles intermediates, which subsequently underwent [2+2]-cycloaddition with 2-butynedioates to generate the pyrrolo- b-cyclobutenes at no more than 120 °C. Alternatively, the dihydro-1 H-azepines were directly produced at 150 °C in the reactions of homopropargylic amines and 2-butynedioates. The application of substrate scope was wide, and the corresponding products were obtained in high to excellent yields.

Integrative multi-omics analysis revealed SNP-lncRNA-mRNA (SLM) networks in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as important controller of cellular functions via regulating RNA transcription, degradation and translation. However, what are the regulation patterns of lncRNAs on downstream mRNA and how the upstream genetic variants regulate lncRNAs are largely unknown. We first performed a comprehensive expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis (MatrixeQTL package, R) using genome-wide lncRNA expression and SNP genotype data from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 43 unrelated individuals. Subsequently, multi-omics integrative network analysis was applied to construct SNP-lncRNA-mRNA (SLM) interaction networks. The causal inference test (CIT) was used to identify lncRNA-mediated (epi-) genetic regulation on mRNA expressions. Our eQTL analysis detected 707 pairs of cis-effect associations (p < 5.64E-06) and 6657 trans-effect associations (p < 3.51E-08), respectively. We also found that top significant cis-eSNPs were enriched around the lncRNA transcription start site regions, and that enrichment patterns of cis-eSNPs differs among different lncRNA sizes (small, medium and large).The constructed SLM interaction networks (1 primary networks and four small separate networks) showed various complex interaction patterns. Especially, the in-depth CIT detected 50 significant lncRNA-mediated SLM trios, and some hotspots (e.g., SNPs: rs926370, rs7716167 and rs16880521; lncRNAs: HIT000061975 and ENST00000579057.1). This study represents the first effort of dissecting the SLM interaction patterns in PBMCs by multi-omics integrative network analysis and causal inference test for clearing the regulation chain. The results provide novel insights into the regulation patterns of lncRNA, and may facilitate investigations of PBMC-related immune physiological process and immunological diseases in the future.

[Model Optimization of Ternary System Adulteration Detection in Camellia Oil Based on Visible/Near Infrared Spectroscopy].

Visible/near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods was used to detect ternary system adulteration in camellia oil quantificationally. In order to get adulterated samples, rapeseed oil and peanut oil were added to pure camellia oil in different proportion. Visible/near infrared spectroscopy data of pure and adulterated camellia oil samples were acquired in the wavelength range of 350~1800nm, and samples were randomly divided into calibration set and prediction set. The adulteration models were optimized by comparing different wavelength ranges, pretreatment methods and calibration methods The results show that the optimal modeling wavelength ranges and pretreatment methods for the prediction models of rapeseed oil, peanut oil and total adulteration amount are 750~1 770, 900~1 770, 870~1 770 nm and Multiple scattering correction (MSC), Standard normal variate (SNV) and second order differentia, and the best modeling method is Least square support vector machine (LSSVM). The correlation coefficient (R(P)) in prediction set and the root mean square error predictions(RMSEPs) of optimal adulteration models for rapeseed oil, peanut oil and total adulteration are 0.963, 0.982, 0.993 and 2.1%, 1.5%, 1.8%, respectively. Thus it can be seen that visible /near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods can be used for quantitative ternary system adulteration detection in camellia oil.

[Quantitative Detection of Iron in Soybean Oils with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Simple Regression Methods].

LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) was used to detect Fe element content in soybean oil quantitatively. In this experiment, a series of soybean oil samples with different concentrations of Fe were used; LIBS spectra were collected with a two-channel high precision spectrometer. According to the LIBS spectrum of samples, two characteristic wavelength of Fe (404.58 and 406.36 nm) were determined, and different simple regression methods (exponential regression, linear regression and quadratic regression) were used to establish the quantitative analysis models of Fe content using each characteristic spectral line. The results indicate that the average relative error of Fe I 404.58 and Fe I 406.36 in simple exponential regression, linear regression and quadratic regression models were 29.49%, 8.93%, 8.70% and 28.95%, 8.63%, 8.44%, respectively. The results of Fe I 406.36 regression models is better than that of Fe I 404.58, and the quadratic regression model is optimal among the three regression models. According to these results, LIBS technology has certain feasibility for detecting Fe in soybean oil; the quadratic linear regression model can improve the prediction accuracy of Fe element effectively.

[Qualitative Detection of Procymidone in Edible Vegetable Oils by Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Variable Selection Methods].

In this research, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to detect procymidone in edible vegetable oils qualitatively. Edible vegetable oil samples with different procymidone contents were classified to two groups according to boundary line of maximum residue limit of procymidone in national standard. QualitySpec spectrometer was used to acquire spectra of two group samples, then uninformative variable elimination (UVE) and subwindow permutation analysis (SPA) were used to select informative wavelength variables. At last, several methods such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA), partial least squares-linear discriminant analysis (PLS-LDA) and discriminant partial least squares (DPLS) were used to develop classification models. The results indicate that NIR spectroscopy is feasible to classify the two group samples. UVE method can select informative wavelength variables effectively, and improve the performance of classification model. The best model is developed by UVE-DPLS method, the classification correct rate, sensitivity and specificity of prediction samples in this model are 98.7%, 95.0% and 100.0%, respectively.

Detection of Chromium Content in Soybean Oil by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and UVE Method.

In order to monitor chromium (Cr) content in soybean oil, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used to detect Cr content in this research. Pine wood chips was used to enrich heavy metal of Cr, and the spectra of pine wood chips were acquired in the wavelength range of 206.28~481.77 nm by a two-channel high-precision spectrometer. Then, uninformative variable elimination (UVE) method was used to select sensitive wavelength variables for heavy metal of Cr, and calibration model of Cr in soybean oil was developed with partial least squares (PLS) regression, the performance of the calibration model was compared to univariate and full PLS calibration models. The results indicate that the performance of UVE-PLS calibration model is better than that of univariate and full PLS calibration models, the correlation coefficient, root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) are 0.990, 0.045 mg·g-1, 0.050 mg·g-1 and 0.054 mg·g-1, respectively. After UVE variable selection, the number of wavelength variables in UVE-PLS calibration model is about 2% of wavelength variables in full PLS calibration model. This means UVE is an effective variable selection method which can select correlative variables for heavy metal of Cr.

Phylogenetic relationships and genome divergence among the AA- genome species of the genus Oryza as revealed by 53 nuclear genes and 16 intergenic regions.

Rapid radiations have long been regarded as the most challenging issue for elucidating poorly resolved phylogenies in evolutionary biology. The eight diploid AA- genome species in the genus Oryza represent a typical example of a closely spaced series of recent speciation events in plants. However, questions regarding when and how they diversified have long been an issue of extensive interest but remain a mystery. Here, a data set comprising >60 kb of 53 singleton fragments and 16 intergenic regions is used to perform phylogenomic analyses of all eight AA- genome species plus four diploid Oryza species with BB-, CC-, EE- and GG- genomes. We fully reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of AA- genome species with confidence. Oryza meridionalis, native to Australia, is found to be the earliest divergent lineage around 2.93 mya, whereas O. punctata, a BB- genome species, serves as the best outgroup to distinguish their phylogenetic relationships. They separated from O. punctata approximately 9.11 mya during the Miocene epoch, and subsequently radiated to generate the entire AA- genome lineage diversity. The success in resolving the phylogeny of AA- genome species highlights the potential of phylogenomics to determine their divergence and evolutionary histories.

[Tri-dimensional omics analysis on effect of zhuanggu zhitong capsule against experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis].

To propose the new concept of multidimensional omics, and define that the multidimensional omics is a proper method for studying the material base and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds. Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule was taken for example to study its effect against experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis. From the perspective of chemi-omics, genomics and proteomics of TCM, it systematically interpreted the efficacious materials and mechanisms of Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule in preventing and treating experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis, while taking the lead in designing a three dimensional form to intuitively exhibit the results of the multidimensional omics study. This study provides a new idea and solution for studies on the efficacious materials and mechanisms of TCM compounds.

[Reduced circulating endothelial progenitor cells is a risk factor of coronary slow flow].

OBJECTIVE: To explore if reduced number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a risk factor for patients with coronary slow flow (CSF). METHODS: Thirty patients with CSF and 30 age and gender matched control subjects with normal coronary angiography were included in the study. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and plated on fibronectin-coated culture dishes. EPCs were characterized as adherent cells double positive for DiI-AcLDL-uptake and lectin-binding by converted fluorescence microscope (×200). RESULTS: Smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and the levels of plasma lipoprotein profile were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The number of EPCs was significantly lower in patients with CSF compared with control subjects (35.7 ± 5.9 vs.53.2 ± 5.9, P < 0.01). TIMI frame counts was correlated with circulating EPCs number (OR = 0.424, 95%CI 0.358 - 0.621, P < 0.01) and not associated with gender, age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and the levels of plasma lipoprotein profile. CONCLUSION: Decreased circulating EPCs is an independent risk factor for CSF.

[Study on effect of psoralidin on anti-experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis and its mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of psoralidine in rats with ovariectomy, and preliminarily study its mechanism. METHOD: Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: the sham operation group, the model group, the psoralidine low-dose group (4 mg x kg(-1)), the psoralidine high-dose group (16 mg x kg(-1)) and the Zhuangguzhitong capsule group, with 12 rats in each group. Thirteen weeks later, their blood and bone samples were collected to detect bone density, bone biochemistry, pathomorphology, serum E2 and CT. RESULT: Psoralidine could up-regulate the bone density of lumbar vertebra and thighbone of rats with ovariectomy (P < 0.05), the maximum bending strength of thighbone (P < 0.05), and serum E2 and CT (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Psoralidine has a good active effect on postmenopausal antiosteoporosis. Its mechanism may be related to such pathways as E2 and CT.