RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Neuroretinitis is classically defined as a clinical triad of unilateral, painless vision loss, accompanied by optic disc edema and characteristic macular star formation. The causes of neuroretinitis can be categorized as infectious, non-infectious, and idiopathic, therefore differential diagnosis and careful evaluation are required, owing to the various etiologies and masqueraders. CASE PRESENTATION: A 54-year-old woman presented to the clinic with blurred vision in both eyes. A complete ophthalmic examination revealed optic disc edema with blurred margins and macular exudates, intraretinal edema in the temporal peripapillary area, and subretinal fluid with neurosensory retinal detachment in the macular area. Systemic laboratory investigations showed no signs of infection or inflammation. However, bone marrow suppression was suspected based on the results of the complete blood count test, and the patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma. CONCLUSION: Although neuroretinitis is rarely accompanied by hematological malignancy, it is important to be mindful of the latter because ophthalmic manifestations are a common feature of hematological malignancies and lesions occur in nearly every ocular structure.
Assuntos
Coriorretinite , Mieloma Múltiplo , Papiledema , Retinite , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papiledema/diagnóstico , Papiledema/etiologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/complicações , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Retinite/diagnóstico , Retinite/etiologia , Retinite/patologia , Coriorretinite/complicações , Edema , Transtornos da Visão/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To determine whether it would be effective in predicting the results of the postoperative full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) closure when intraretinal cyst (IRC) is present. METHODS: Case-control study. Patients with idiopathic FTMH who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was undertaken in all patients. The new parameter, macular hole closing factor (MHCF) was defined as the base diameter - (arm length + IRC height) by adding IRC to the existing parameter. After surgery, patients were classified and analyzed according to the type of hole closure and the damage of photoreceptor. RESULTS: Of the 35 patients, 28 (80.00%) had type 1 closure and seven (20.00%) had type 2 closure. There was a significant difference in postoperative BCVA (P < 0.01), base diameter (P = 0.037), arm length (P = 0.045), and IRC height (P = 0.011) between the two groups. In the type 1 closure, they were further divided into two subgroups according to photoreceptor damage, and it was confirmed that there were significant differences in postoperative BCVA (P = 0.045), hole height (P = 0.048), and IRC height (P = 0.046) in the two subgroups. As for the new parameters, a significant difference between the three groups was confirmed (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: IRC may help predict hole closure along with the known horizontal parameters. Therefore, the new parameter containing both two factors can help predict not only hole closure but also damage to photoreceptors that affects postoperative visual prognosis.
Assuntos
Cistos , Perfurações Retinianas , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Humanos , Perfurações Retinianas/diagnóstico , Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , VitrectomiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To identify disease-specific cytokine and growth factor profile differences in the aqueous humor between wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients and age-matched controls and to correlate their levels with the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. METHODS: Aqueous humors were obtained from 13 wet AMD eyes and 10 control eyes. Twenty cytokines and growth factors were measured using a RayBio antibody microarray technology in wet AMD and control eyes. RESULTS: The samples obtained from wet AMD patients exhibited a significantly increased expression of MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1ß, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Subretinal fluid (SRF) patients showed significantly lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α and GM-CSF, than those without SRF. Pigment epithelial detachments (PED) patients showed lower levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, than those without PED. Subretinal tissue (SRT) patients showed a higher level of IFN-γ than those without SRT. Compared with the controls, type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV) patients showed increased levels of MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1ß, but not VEGF (p = 0.083). However, type 2 MNV patients showed increased levels of MCP-1 and VEGF (p = 0.040 and p = 0.040). CONCLUSION: Inflammatory cytokines varied according to the type of AMD- and OCT-based parameters. Our observation of low levels of VEGF in patients with type 1 MNV implies that the inhibition of VEGF alone appears to be insufficient treatment for these patients and that cytokines such as MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1ß should be modulated. And the presence of SRF in MNV may be associated with a positive prognosis because we found relatively low levels of proinflammatory cytokines.
Assuntos
Humor Aquoso , Degeneração Macular Exsudativa , Inibidores da Angiogênese/uso terapêutico , Citocinas , Humanos , Injeções Intravítreas , Análise em Microsséries , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Degeneração Macular Exsudativa/diagnóstico , Degeneração Macular Exsudativa/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Increasing interest in microincision cataract surgery has led to the use of more flexible intraocular lens (IOL). Flexible IOL may cause more IOL deformation and refractive error when capsule contraction syndrome (CCS) occurred. In this retrospective observational case series study, the aim was to report four cases of hyperopic shift caused by CCS after phacoemulsification with microincision foldable intraocular lens implantation. CASE PRESENTATION: All of four patients underwent phacoemulsification and in-the-bag implantation of an Akreos MI60 (Bausch and Lomb) IOL from 2010 to 2016 in our clinic. These patients had been diagnosed with CCS and had undergone Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy. The mean age of the patients with CCS was 66.8 ± 6.7 years and the mean time for development of CCS after the cataract surgery was 9.3 ± 6.9 months. The mean spherical equivalent (SE) value at the time of the CCS diagnosis was 0.88 ± 0.91 D, which had shown a hyperopic shift compared to the SE value of - 0.91 ± 1.29 D after cataract surgery. The mean SE decreased by - 0.47 ± 1.14 D after Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy. The mean age, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and preoperative SE were not significantly different between the patient with CCS and the patients without CCS. CONCLUSIONS: In the case of IOL implantation with flexible materials in microincision cataract surgery, CCS can cause a hyperopic shift. Refractive error caused by CCS can be effectively corrected by Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy.
Assuntos
Extração de Catarata , Hiperopia/etiologia , Cápsula do Cristalino/cirurgia , Implante de Lente Intraocular/efeitos adversos , Lentes Intraoculares/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperopia/cirurgia , Cápsula do Cristalino/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
In this study, we prepared human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (hBMP-2)/human growth and differentiation factor-5 (hGDF-5)-coated titanium (Ti) disc and screw types for controlled release of the growth factors (GFs). The two growth factors were coated onto Ti with a smooth surface using their specific interaction with heparin, because they have heparin binding sites in their molecular structures. Efficacy of the two growth factor-coated Ti for enhancement of bone formation and osseointegration was compared to pristine Ti, and hBMP-2- and hGDF-5-coated Ti in vivo. The surface chemical composition, surface morphology, and wettability characteristics of the metal samples were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurement, respectively. The initial burst of hBMP-2, hGDF-5, and their combination, occurred within one day of the release study, resulting in 12.5%, 4.5%, and 13.5%/3.2%, and then there was a sustained, even release of these two growth factors from the coated metal for 30 days. In vitro tests revealed that MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the two growth factor-coated Ti had a higher proliferation rate and a higher activity for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which led to a larger amount of calcium deposition and larger expressions of type I collagen (COL 1), ALP, and osteocalcin (OCN) mRNAs. In vivo animal tests using ten white New Zealand rabbits showed that the two growth factor-coated Ti enhanced bone formation and osseointegration at the interface between the implants and host bone. In addition, histological evaluation showed that bone remodeling, including bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts, actively occurred between the two growth factor-coated Ti and host bone. Consequently, it is suggested that Ti surface modification with the combination of hBMP-2 and hGDF-5 for the two growth factor-coated Ti implants can improve the clinical properties of implants for orthopedic and dental applications.
Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/farmacologia , Implantes Dentários , Fator 5 de Diferenciação de Crescimento/farmacologia , Heparina/química , Titânio/farmacologia , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Animais , Cálcio/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Camundongos , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Espectroscopia Fotoeletrônica , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Propriedades de Superfície , Titânio/química , Água/química , Microtomografia por Raio-XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intravitreal anti-vascular endothothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection on intraocular pressure (IOP) and mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP). METHODS: MOPP results were obtained by measuring mean arterial pressure (MAP) and IOP just before the injection, immediately after the injection, at 30 min, 1 day, and 1 week after injection from 65 eyes of 42 patients. RESULTS: Pre-injection mean IOP was 16.66 ± 3.50 mmHg, and mean IOP was 43.81 ± 9.69 mmHg immediately after the injection, 17.57 ± 4.44 mmHg at 30 min, 15.00 ± 4.21 mmHg at 1 day, and 15.90 ± 3.63 mmHg at 1 week after the injection. Pre-injection mean MOPP was 46.39 ± 5.78 mmHg, and mean MOPP was 25.14 ± 8.79 mmHg immediately after the injection, 45.87 ± 6.31 mmHg at 30 min, 46.93 ± 6.25 mmHg at 1 day, and 46.50 ± 4.94 mmHg at 1 week after the injection. CONCLUSION: The instant increase in IOP by intravitreal anti-VEGF injection led to a transient decrease in MOPP. Based on this finding, the instant increase in IOP after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection does not significantly impair retinal blood flow.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese , Bevacizumab , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Injeções Intravítreas/efeitos adversos , Ranibizumab , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Inibidores da Angiogênese/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Angiogênese/efeitos adversos , Bevacizumab/administração & dosagem , Bevacizumab/efeitos adversos , Artéria Braquial/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hipertensão Ocular/fisiopatologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Ranibizumab/administração & dosagem , Ranibizumab/efeitos adversos , Doenças Retinianas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate peripapillary choroidal thickness (CT) outside the macula in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 34 patients with unilaterally symptomatic idiopathic CSC and 34 age-matched controls. Subfoveal and peripapillary CT were measured from images obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The nasal peripapillary CT of the choroid outside the macula was determined. RESULTS: The subfoveal CT of CSC (369.74 ± 54.17 µm) and fellow eyes (316.18 ± 54.68 µm) of the patient group were thicker than those of the normal controls (281.90 ± 40.97 µm, all P < 0.05). The subfoveal CT in CSC was significantly thicker than those in the fellow eyes. Nasal CT was also thicker in CSC (217.59 ± 62.03 µm) and fellow eyes (206.66 ± 59.35 µm) of the patient group compared with the normal controls (179.52 ± 39.64 µm, all P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in nasal CT between CSC and fellow eyes (P = 0.150). CONCLUSION: This result may suggest that manifest CSC occurs in patients with thick choroids both within and outside the macula, especially when subfoveal CT is increased.
Assuntos
Coriorretinopatia Serosa Central/patologia , Corioide/patologia , Adulto , Permeabilidade Capilar , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Disco Óptico , Tamanho do Órgão , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We present a rare case of secondary angle closure glaucoma due to systemic lupus erythematosus choroidopathy as initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus, accompanied by central nervous system vasculitis and uncontrolled nephropathy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 31-year-old woman presented with decreased visual acuity, nausea, vomiting, fever, and bilateral angioedema-like eyelid swelling. She had persistent dry cough while taking medication for 3 months, and had usual posterior neck pain, which was treated with analgesic medication and Asian medicines. Intraocular pressure was 32 and 34 mmHg in her right and left eyes, respectively. Peripheral anterior chambers were shallow (grade I) using the van Herick method. Gonioscopy revealed 360° closed angle in both eyes. In both eyes, serous retinal detachment was found using optical coherence tomography and B scan ultrasonography, as well as choroidal thickening with effusion. Secondary acute angle closure glaucoma was drug induced, or caused by uveitis of unknown etiology when she was first treated with intraocular pressure-lowering medication. During evaluation of the drug-induced angioedema in the internal medicine department, systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed, based on malar rash, photosensitivity, proteinuria, and positive anti-Smith and anti-DNA antibodies, followed by initiation of steroid pulse therapy. Using fluorescein angiography, multifocal subretinal pinpoint foci were detected at the middle phase. We then diagnosed bilateral angle closure glaucoma by choroidal effusions, with lupus choroidopathy. At 2 months after steroid pulse therapy, subretinal fluid was not found, and visual acuity improved to normal. During the subsequent 2 years, lupus choroidopathy was not aggravated but lupus nephritis was not controlled. CONCLUSION: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus choroidopathy can develop ciliochoroidal effusion, which can lead to acute angle closure glaucoma. Systemic lupus erythematosus choroidopathy is an early sign of severe complications. Angle closure glaucoma by systemic lupus erythematosus choroidopathy can be effectively treated using antiglaucoma drugs and immunosuppressive therapy.
Assuntos
Doenças da Coroide/complicações , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/etiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Doenças da Coroide/diagnóstico , Doenças da Coroide/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/diagnóstico , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/tratamento farmacológico , Gonioscopia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Nefrite/complicações , Nefrite/tratamento farmacológico , Descolamento Retiniano/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Tonometria Ocular , Vasculite do Sistema Nervoso Central/complicações , Vasculite do Sistema Nervoso Central/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety between low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, single-center, parallel-arm, controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-four eyes of 32 patients with chronic CSC with >6 months' duration of symptoms or recurrent CSC were randomly placed into the low-fluence PDT group (n = 18) or the ranibizumab group (n = 16). INTERVENTION: The patients underwent a single session of low-fluence PDT or 3 consecutive monthly injections of ranibizumab. Rescue treatment was available from month 3 if the subretinal fluid (SRF) persisted or recurred after primary treatment; low-fluence PDT was given to the ranibizumab group and intravitreal ranibizumab to the low-fluence PDT group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the proportion of eyes with complete resolution of SRF without rescue treatment. Secondary outcomes included the mean changes in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and angiographic findings from baseline to 12 months. RESULTS: At month 12, 16 eyes (88.9%) of the low-fluence PDT group maintained complete resolution of SRF without rescue treatment versus 2 eyes (12.5%) in the ranibizumab group (P <0.001). Two eyes (11.1%) in the low-fluence PDT group and 11 eyes (68.8%) in the ranibizumab group met the criteria for rescue treatment (P = 0.001). In the low-fluence PDT group, the mean decrease in CRT from baseline was significantly greater than that in the ranibizumab group until month 6 (P <0.05), but the differences became insignificant thereafter. The improvement in BCVA from baseline was superior in the low-fluence PDT group to that in the ranibizumab group, but the differences were not statistically significant except at month 3 (P = 0.025). On indocyanine green angiography, a significantly greater proportion of the low-fluence PDT group (16 eyes; 88.9%) showed a marked reduction in choroidal hyperpermeability after primary treatment than that of the ranibizumab group (0 eyes; P <0.001). No serious adverse events related to the drugs or procedures were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the overall superiority of low-fluence PDT compared with intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of chronic CSC.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Coriorretinopatia Serosa Central/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Fotoquimioterapia , Adulto , Idoso , Coriorretinopatia Serosa Central/diagnóstico , Coriorretinopatia Serosa Central/fisiopatologia , Doença Crônica , Corantes , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia , Humanos , Verde de Indocianina , Injeções Intravítreas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/uso terapêutico , Porfirinas/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Ranibizumab , Retina/patologia , Líquido Sub-Retiniano , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Resultado do Tratamento , Verteporfina , Acuidade Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To identify the clinical features, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of endogenous endophthalmitis in multiple tertiary referral centers of South Korea over a 6-year period. METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective review of medical records of 57 eyes of 43 patients diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis from January 2005 to December 2011, which was referred to tertiary referral centers. RESULTS: Fifty-seven cases of 43 patients were followed for a mean of 18.7 months (range, 0.5-50 months). The common underlying diseases were diabetes mellitus (46.5%) and liver cirrhosis (20.93%). Liver abscess (39.5%) was the most common infection source. Among prognostic factors, the initial visual acuity was associated with favorable visual outcome significantly (P < 0.001). Endogeneous endophthalmitis with gram-negative bacteria had worse visual outcomes than gram-positive bacteria or fungus (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Similar to the findings of previous East Asian studies, this study showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common causative organism of endogenous endophthalmitis and liver abscess was the most common infection focus. Although endogenous endophthalmitis is generally associated with poor visual acuity outcomes, the prognosis depends mainly on the initial visual acuity and the pathogen.
Assuntos
Endoftalmite/microbiologia , Infecções Oculares Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Oculares Fúngicas/microbiologia , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Endoftalmite/etiologia , Endoftalmite/fisiopatologia , Endoftalmite/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , República da Coreia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Acuidade Visual , VitrectomiaRESUMO
Several fabrication methods have been developed for label-free detection in various fields. However, fabricating high-density and highly ordered nanoscale architectures by using soluble processes remains a challenge. Herein, we report a biosensing platform that integrates deep learning with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), featuring large-area, close-packed three-dimensional (3D) architectures of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-assisted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the on-site screening of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using human tears. Some AuNPs are spontaneously synthesized without a reducing agent because the electrons induced on the semiconductor surface reduce gold ions when the Fermi level of MoS2 and the gold electrolyte reach equilibrium. With the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone, a two-dimensional large-area MoS2 layer assisted in the formation of close-packed 3D multistacked AuNP structures, resembling electroless plating. This platform, with a convolutional neural network-based deep learning model, achieved outstanding SERS performance at subterascale levels despite the microlevel irradiation power and millisecond-level acquisition time and accurately assessed susceptibility to COVID-19. These results suggest that our platform has the potential for rapid, low-damage, and high-throughput label-free detection of exceedingly low analyte concentrations.
Assuntos
Aprendizado Profundo , Dissulfetos , Ouro , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Molibdênio , Análise Espectral Raman , Ouro/química , Molibdênio/química , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos , Dissulfetos/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Humanos , Propriedades de Superfície , COVID-19/virologia , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , Tamanho da PartículaRESUMO
RATIONALE: Plasmacytoma is a disease caused by the proliferation of monoclonal immunoglobulin-producing plasma cells and divided into multiple myeloma, solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma. We report a case of orbital extramedullary plasmacytoma invading the dura mater in a patient with exophthalmos and diplopia. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 35-year-old female patient with exophthalmos in the right eye and diplopia visited the clinic. DIAGNOSES: The thyroid function tests showed nonspecific results. Orbital computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a homogeneously enhancing orbital mass infiltrating the right maxillary sinus and adjacent brain tissue in the middle cranial fossa through the superior orbital fissure. INTERVENTIONS: To diagnose and alleviate the symptoms, an excisional biopsy was performed, which revealed a plasmacytoma. OUTCOMES: One month after the surgery, the protruding symptoms and eye movement restriction in the right eye improved, and the visual acuity in the right eye was restored. LESSONS: In this case report, we present a case of an extramedullary plasmacytoma that originated in the inferior wall of the orbit and invaded the cranial cavity. To our knowledge, no previous reports have described a solitary plasmacytoma that originated in the orbit, causing exophthalmos and invading the cranial cavity at the same time.
Assuntos
Exoftalmia , Neoplasias Orbitárias , Plasmocitoma , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Plasmocitoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Plasmocitoma/cirurgia , Órbita/patologia , Diplopia/etiologia , Neoplasias Orbitárias/cirurgia , Neoplasias Orbitárias/complicações , Exoftalmia/etiologia , Exoftalmia/patologiaRESUMO
We introduce a label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensing platform equipped with metallic nanostructures that can identify the efficacy of Oxford-AstraZeneca (AZD1222) vaccine in vaccinated individuals using non-invasive tear samples. We confirmed the hypothesis that the tears of people who receive the AZD1222 vaccine may be similar to those of adenovirus epidemic keratoconjunctivitis patients since the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine is derived from a replication-deficient ChAdOx1 vector of chimpanzee adenovirus. Additionally, we confirmed the potential of the three markers for estimating the vaccination status via analyzing the signals emanating from antibodies or immunoglobulin G by-product using our label-free, SERS biosensing technique with a high reproducibility (<3% relative standard deviation), femtomole-scale limit of detection (1 × 10-14 M), and high SERS response of >108. Therefore, our label-free SERS biosensing nanoplatforms with long-term storage and robust stability will enable rapid and robust monitoring of the vaccine presence in vaccinated individuals.
Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , COVID-19 , Adenoviridae/genética , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , SARS-CoV-2 , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos , VacinaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To demonstrate the change in macular thickness using optical coherence tomography in diabetic patients and to assess its relationship with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. METHODS: Diabetic patients who underwent at least two macular thickness measurements with OCT within a 12-month period were included. HbA1c values within 1 month of each OCT study, and clinical data such as age, insulin treatment, systemic hypertension, and the severity of diabetic retinopathy were collected. The change in three macula parameters including center point thickness (CPT), central subfoveal macular thickness (CSMT), and total macular volume (TMV) between two measurements was calculated. Patients were divided into two groups based on the half-width of the 95% confidence interval for percent change, the increase group (group 1) and the decrease group (group 2). The associations of CPT change, CSMT change, and TMV change with baseline HbA1c levels, HbA1c change, and other clinical factors were investigated using correlation analysis and group comparison. RESULTS: A total of 23 eyes of 23 patients were studied. In correlation analysis; the increase in CPT, CSMT, and TMV was correlated with baseline HbA1c (CPT, Spearman's rho = 0.462, p = 0.027; CSMT, Spearman's rho = 0.479, p = 0.021; TMV, Spearman's rho = 0.589, p = 0.003), and the change of HbA1c (CPT, Spearman's rho = -0.585, p = 0.003; CSMT, Spearman's rho = -0.583, p = 0.004; TMV, Spearman's rho = -0.725, p < 0.001). In group comparison for CPT, group 1 have a higher baseline HbA1c (11.2% vs 8.7% of THb, p = 0.044) and a greater HbA1c reduction (-3.3% vs -1.2% of THb, p = 0.044) than group 2. For CSMT, group 1 tended to have a greater HbA1c reduction (-2.9% vs -1.2% of THb, p = 0.074) than group 2. For TMV, group 1 had a higher baseline HbA1c (11.6% vs 8.4% of THb, p = 0.001) and a greater HbA1c reduction (-3.5% vs -0.5% of THb, p < 0.001) than group 2. CONCLUSIONS: The change in macular thickness and volume developed in relation to HbA1c levels during a less than 12-month period. A high baseline HbA1c and a large reduction of HbA1c were risk factors for the increase in macular thickness. Prospective study with a large number of patients is needed to clarify the change of macular thickness in relation to glycemic control.
Assuntos
Glicemia/metabolismo , Retinopatia Diabética/sangue , Retinopatia Diabética/diagnóstico , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/metabolismo , Macula Lutea/patologia , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Acuidade Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To characterize retinal changes in areas of commotio retinae using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS: In this retrospective observational case series, we included 14 eyes of 14 patients who had experienced blunt ocular trauma and underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and fundus photography evaluation on the same day. The retinal thickness and volume of eyes with commotio retinae were compared with those of eyes without it. Normal untraumatized fellow eyes served as control. Fundus images obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were compared with fundus photographs. The retinal tissue reflectivities indicated by the images were compared across each lesion. RESULTS: There were 7 eyes with commotio retinae involving the macula and 7 eyes without it. Macular thickness and volume were not different between eyes with and without commotio retinae involving the macula. Photoreceptor outer segment reflectivity corresponding to the area of retinal opacity was increased with characteristic features and recovered with the disappearance of retinal opacity over time. CONCLUSION: Lesions exhibiting retinal opacity characteristic of commotio retinae corresponded to hyperreflective outer segment lesions without the increase in retinal thickness on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
Assuntos
Traumatismos Oculares/diagnóstico , Retina/lesões , Retina/patologia , Doenças Retinianas/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Segmento Externo das Células Fotorreceptoras da Retina/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acuidade Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
Purpose: To confirm the predictors of postoperative visual outcomes by performing full-field electroretinography (ffERG) before surgery in patients with epiretinal membranes (ERMs). Methods: Sixty-one eyes of patients with ERMs who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling were prospectively reviewed. Correlations between preoperative data (ffERG and optical coherence tomography) and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were investigated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to obtain cutoff values of the ffERG parameters predicting good visual outcome (final BCVA ≥ 20/30). Results: Postoperative BCVA was significantly correlated with the implicit time and amplitude of the b-wave in light-adapted (LA) 3.0 electroretinography (ERG), with the amplitude difference between N1 and P1 in the LA 30-Hz flicker ERG, and with the sum of the amplitudes of OS1, OS2, and OS3 in dark-adapted (DA) oscillatory potential (OP) ERG (P < 0.01). The area under the ROC curve to predict good visual outcome was statistically significant for the four parameters (0.787, 0.815, 0.757, and 0.792, respectively). Conclusions: The postoperative BCVA in patients with ERM was significantly correlated with the implicit time and amplitude of the b-wave in the LA 3.0 ERG, the amplitude difference between N1 and P1 in the LA 30-Hz flicker ERG, and the sum of the amplitudes of OS1, OS2, and OS3 in DA OP ERG of ffERG. It is thought that ffERG before surgery may help predict visual outcomes after surgery. Translational Relevance: It was confirmed that the degree of retinal function in the ERM can predict BCVA after treatment.
Assuntos
Membrana Epirretiniana , Eletrorretinografia , Membrana Epirretiniana/cirurgia , Humanos , Retina/diagnóstico por imagem , Acuidade Visual , VitrectomiaRESUMO
There has been no report about hereditary and clinical features of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in Koreans. To evaluate these, data were collected from 365 RP patients including age, gender, visual acuity (VA), spherical equivalent (SE) of refractive errors, funduscopic findings, color vision test, visual field score (VFS) obtained from Goldmann perimetry, and the inheritance patterns from pedigrees. Simplex RP was the most common inheritance pattern (61.9%); followed by autosomal recessive RP (17.3%), autosomal dominant RP (12.1%) and X-linked recessive RP (8.8%). Myopia was the most common refractive errors (77.5%) including 16.1% of high myopia. The most common cataract type was posterior subcapsular cataract (25.8%). Observed retinal findings included changes of retinal pigment epithelium (88.8%), bony spicule-like pigmentation (79.7%), attenuation of retinal vessel (76.2%), waxy disc pallor (12.6%), golden ring around optic disc (2.2%), epiretinal membrane (0.8%) and cystoid macular edema (0.5%). Corrected VA and refractive errors did not show any significant difference between the inheritance patterns. VFS was significantly worse in autosomal recessive RP than in autosomal dominant RP. Color vision defect was noted in 66.1% on Hardy-Rand-Rittlers color vision test. In conclusion, Korean RP patients have the indigenous hereditary and clinical features as well as the ordinary ones.
Assuntos
Retinose Pigmentar/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cromossomos Humanos X , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linhagem , República da Coreia , Retinose Pigmentar/genética , Acuidade Visual , Campos VisuaisRESUMO
RATIONALE: Skin photobiomodulation involves the use of low doses of light of a specific wavelength to reduce skin inflammation and promote tissue repair. Recently, a face mask using a light-emitting diode (LED) to induce photobiomodulation has been widely introduced in the market. However, a short wavelength of high-energy blue light can cause retinal damage. We would like to report a rare case of photochemical retinopathy after using a blue LED face mask. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 37-year-old woman presented with complaints of distorted vision. The patient was exposed to blue light from an LED face mask 1 month before presentation. DIAGNOSIS: Color fundus photography revealed a yellowish chorioretinal lesion and optical coherence tomography revealed retinal pigment epithelium destruction in the parafoveal area. Fluorescein angiography revealed leakage from the lesion at the parafovea. The patient was diagnosed with blue LED-induced photochemical retinopathy. INTERVENTIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab was injected in the right eye. OUTCOMES: After 4 weeks, dysmorphopsia was improved. LESSONS: This case report demonstrates that retinal damage can occur in humans due to prolonged exposure to blue light. Therefore, it is important to be wary of eye exposure and ensure the eyes are covered during LED face mask use.
Assuntos
Luz/efeitos adversos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/efeitos adversos , Doenças Retinianas/etiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Retinianas/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an ultrasensitive molecular screening technique with greatly enhanced Raman scattering signals from trace amounts of analytes near plasmonic nanostructures. However, research on the development of a sensor that balances signal enhancement, reproducibility, and uniformity has not yet been proposed for practical applications. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of the practical application for detecting or predicting asymptomatic breast cancer from human tears using a portable Raman spectrometer with an identification algorithm based on multivariate statistics. This potentiality was realized through the fabrication of a plasmonic SERS substrate equipped with a well-aligned, gold-decorated, hexagonal-close-packed polystyrene (Au/HCP-PS) nanosphere monolayer that provided femtomole-scale detection, giga-scale enhancement, and <5% relative standard deviation for reliability and reproducibility, regardless of the measuring site. Our results can provide a first step toward developing a noninvasive, real-time screening technology for detecting asymptomatic tumors and preventing tumor recurrence.
Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Neoplasias da Mama/química , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Nanosferas/química , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos , Lágrimas/diagnóstico por imagem , Algoritmos , Biomarcadores Tumorais/química , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Feminino , Ouro/química , Humanos , Limite de Detecção , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Nanosferas/ultraestrutura , Naftalenos/química , Poliestirenos/química , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Razão Sinal-Ruído , Compostos de Sulfidrila/química , Lipossomas Unilamelares/síntese química , Lipossomas Unilamelares/química , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has a critical role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) as a chemoattractant and mitogen for retinal pigment epithelial cells and retinal glial cells. Here, we investigated the potential effects of PDGF on the proliferation of Müller cells and the intracellular signaling pathway mediating these changes. PDGF induced Müller cell proliferation and increased phosphorylation of the PDGF receptor (PDGFR), as shown by an MTT assay and immunoprecipitation analyses. Both effects were blocked by JNJ, a PDGFR-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor. PDGF also stimulated phosphorylation of c-JNK and Akt. PDGF-induced Müller cell proliferation was significantly reduced by pre-treatment with SP600125 and LY294002, inhibitors of c-JNK and Akt phosphorylation, respectively. Our findings collectively indicate that PDGF-stimulated Müller cell proliferation occurs via activation of the c-JNK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. These data provide useful information in establishing the role of Müller cells in the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.