Compilation of the Antimicrobial Compounds Produced by Burkholderia Sensu Stricto.

Due to the increase in multidrug-resistant microorganisms, the investigation of novel or more efficient antimicrobial compounds is essential. The World Health Organization issued a list of priority multidrug-resistant bacteria whose eradication will require new antibiotics. Among them, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae are in the "critical" (most urgent) category. As a result, major investigations are ongoing worldwide to discover new antimicrobial compounds. Burkholderia, specifically Burkholderia sensu stricto, is recognized as an antimicrobial-producing group of species. Highly dissimilar compounds are among the molecules produced by this genus, such as those that are unique to a particular strain (like compound CF66I produced by Burkholderia cepacia CF-66) or antimicrobials found in a number of species, e.g., phenazines or ornibactins. The compounds produced by Burkholderia include N-containing heterocycles, volatile organic compounds, polyenes, polyynes, siderophores, macrolides, bacteriocins, quinolones, and other not classified antimicrobials. Some of them might be candidates not only for antimicrobials for both bacteria and fungi, but also as anticancer or antitumor agents. Therefore, in this review, the wide range of antimicrobial compounds produced by Burkholderia is explored, focusing especially on those compounds that were tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity. In addition, information was gathered regarding novel compounds discovered by genome-guided approaches.

Burkholderia orbicola sp. nov., a novel species within the Burkholderia cepacia complex.

Genome analysis of strains placed in the NCBI genome database as Burkholderia cenocepacia defined nine genomic species groups. The largest group (259 strains) corresponds to B. cenocepacia and the second largest group (58 strains) was identified as "Burkholderia servocepacia", a Burkholderia species classification which has not been validly published. The publication of "B. servocepacia" did not comply with Rule 27 and Recommendation 30 from the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) and have errors in the type strain name and the protologue describing the novel species. Here, we correct the position of this species by showing essential information that meets the criteria defined by ICNP. After additional analysis complying with taxonomic criteria, we propose that the invalid "B. servocepacia" be renamed as Burkholderia orbicola sp. nov. The original study proposing "B. servocepacia" was misleading, because this name derives from the Latin "servo" meaning "to protect/watch over", and the authors proposed this based on the beneficial biocontrol properties of several strains within the group. However, it is clear that "B. servocepacia" isolates are capable of opportunistic infection, and the proposed name Burkholderia orbicola sp. nov. takes into account these diverse phenotypic traits. The type strain is TAtl-371 T (= LMG 30279 T = CM-CNRG 715 T).