RESUMO
In this study we report the analysis of 131 Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) clinical isolates from patients hospitalized in various wards, of Perugia General Hospital, from August 2014 to January 2015. Forty two isolates (32.1 %), were resistant to at least one carbapenem antibiotic and, among these isolates, 14 (33.3 %) exhibited resistance to colistin. All isolates were carbapenemases producers and 41 (97.6 %) harboured the bla KPC gene. Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates (CRKPs) were, also, typed for the genotypic diversity and the results revealed the circulation of two major clusters.This surveillance study evidences the spread of CRKP isolates in Perugia General Hospital and confirms that carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates have reached epidemic dissemination in Italy. In addition the percentage of resistance to colistin resulted to be less than that observed in other hospital laboratories across Italy. In conclusion the circulation of these isolates should be monitored and appropriate policy of surveillance must be used, in a target manner, in order to reduce the spread of carbapenem-resistant isolates.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Carbapenêmicos/farmacologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Infecções por Klebsiella/microbiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Itália/epidemiologia , Klebsiella pneumoniae/classificação , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Filogenia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been evaluated for the identification of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial outbreaks in comparison with the repetitive sequence-based PCR DiversiLab system. The results suggest that MALDI-TOF MS can be used for real-time detection of Acinetobacter outbreaks before results from DNA-based systems are available.
Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter/diagnóstico , Acinetobacter baumannii/classificação , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Infecção Hospitalar/diagnóstico , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Infecções por Acinetobacter/epidemiologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolamento & purificação , Análise por Conglomerados , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/métodosRESUMO
The identification of reliable molecular biomarkers in prostate cancer early diagnosis is clinically desirable. We quantitatively detected prostate cancer specifically overexpressed genes, DD3 and PSA, in urine sediments of men suffering from prostate cancer or benign prostate hyperplasia, after prostatic massage. As both genes are exclusively expressed in androgen receptor expressing human prostate carcinoma cell lines, we further investigated the possible effect of androgens on PSA and DD3 gene expression. DD3 and PSA mRNA levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The combined markers test had a sensitivity of 80.2% and a specificity of 100%. Both gene transcripts were significantly upregulated by androgens. Results indicated the clinical usefulness of the combination of DD3 and PSA as molecular markers in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer and the need of combining as many as possible analytical data with the clinical and demographic ones to achieve the maximum level of diagnostic accuracy.