Esthetic perception of black spaces between maxillary central incisors by different age groups.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this research was to evaluate esthetic perceptions of the smile, especially regarding black spaces between the maxillary central incisors, by laypersons in 3 age groups. METHODS: Photographs were digitally manipulated to simulate black spaces in the region of the maxillary central incisor crenations. The images were printed on photographic paper and attached to a questionnaire that was given to 150 laypersons in 3 age groups: 15 to 19, 35 to 44, and 65 to74 years. They were asked to use a visual analog scale method to rate the smiles from a score of 0, corresponding to "not very attractive," to 10, "very attractive." Differences between the examiners were verified by the Mann-Whitney test. All statistics were performed with a degree of confidence of 95%. RESULTS: The results showed that older persons had more difficulty perceiving black spaces. In the younger groups, the subjects were better able to perceive the black spaces, and the larger the black space, the less attractive they rated the photograph (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Younger people are more likely than older people to perceive black spaces in maxillary incisor crenations. The larger the black spaces, the less attractive they rate the smile.

Colonization of Streptococcus mutans on esthetic brackets: self-ligating vs conventional.

INTRODUCTION: Self-ligating orthodontic brackets rely on clips, rather than ligatures, to hold the archwire in place. It is unknown whether replacing ligatures with clips affects the adherence of Streptococcus mutans. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether self-ligating brackets have an advantage over conventional brackets as determined by the adherence of S mutans. METHODS: The sample consisted of 50 esthetic brackets, divided into 3 experimental groups and 2 control groups of 10 brackets each. Two experimental groups were active self-ligating brackets (QuicKlear; Forestadent, Pforzheim, Germany; and In-Ovation C; Dentsply GAC, Bohemia, NY); the other was a passive self-ligating bracket (Damon 3; Ormco, Glendora, Calif). The 2 control groups were conventional brackets (Mystique; Dentsply GAC; and Clarity; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif). The brackets were randomly bonded to the canines, first and second premolars, and first and second molars in the mandibular left hemiarch of 10 male participants. Biofilm was collected from the tooth surfaces before bonding and from the brackets on day 21 and placed in Petri dishes containing Mitis salivarius agar. The brackets were removed on day 28 and examined by using scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analysis, analysis of variance, and the Tukey correction with a P value of 0.05 were used. RESULTS: The greatest numbers of colonies were found in an active self-ligating bracket group (In-Ovation C), and the fewest colonies were in a conventional bracket group (Clarity). The largest colonies formed on active self-ligating brackets. In the slot, the greatest formation was in a control group (Mystique). CONCLUSIONS: Self-ligating esthetic brackets do not promote greater or lesser S mutans colonization when compared with conventional brackets. Differences were found to be related to the material composition of the bracket.

Rates of tooth movement and bone remodeling activity: Self-ligating versus conventional brackets.

BACKGROUND: Bracket systems have been developed with the purpose of reducing frictional resistance between the archwire and accessories. The aim of this research was to compare rates of tooth movement and regions of cellular bone modeling activity along tooth root surfaces of teeth moved with conventional vs. self-ligating brackets. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The experiments were conducted in 20 male dogs. Bands were cemented in all intermediate incisors, with conventional brackets (Morelli) on the right side and hybrid self-ligating ones (T3-American Orthodontics) on the left side. A 0.019" x 0.025" stainless steel wire was inserted passively in the slot of these brackets with chain elastics (250 gf) to perform sliding mechanics. Clinical records of the orthodontic mechanics were made before and after 15 days of the tooth movement. The dental segments of the animals were prepared for light microscopy. Statistical analysis of variance and the Tukey correction with a P value at 5% were used. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in tooth movement rates between the two types of brackets but differences, in the bone modeling activity, suggested that tooth movement with the self-ligating brackets resulted in more tipping and less translational movement than tooth movement with the conventional brackets. CONCLUSIONS: The rates of tooth movement were similar between the two systems. The histological evaluation of cellular bone modeling activity along tooth root surfaces showed more translation movement of teeth with the conventional brackets, and more tipping movement of teeth with self-ligating brackets. Key words:Edgewise, histological reactions, orthodontic movement, self-ligating, brackets.

Guia ético para publicidade odontológica nas mídias sociais / Ethical guide for dental advertising in the social media

Introdução: As redes sociais virtuais são plataformas que contribuem com propaganda e popularidade, em benefício aos cirurgiões-dentistas. Cerca de 70% dos brasileiros têm acesso à Internet, o que facilita a realização da propaganda, nas mídias sociais, que podem alcançar maior número de pessoas com o menor investimento possível. O Código de Ética Odontológica explica que toda comunicação e divulgação em Odontologia deverá obedecer ao disposto neste Código. A resolução 196/2019 trouxe mudanças a respeito de publicações de imagens em redes sociais. Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de um guia baseado no código de ética odontológica (CFO-118/2012), e nas Resoluções de CFO-196/2019 e CFO-237/2022. Material e método: O guia para cirurgiões-dentistas, orientando a publicidade nas mídias sociais digitais, teve organização pelo primeiro autor: JL e, após revisão feita pelo segundo autor (LE), houve um consenso entre os autores. O site de design gráfico CANVA (Sydney, Austrália-2012) foi a plataforma para a elaboração das páginas do Guia com fontes chamativas, coloridas, imagens e ícones de chamamento de atenção às ressalvas e proibições. O guia foi disponibilizado, à comunidade de interesse, com a publicação deste artigo. Apresentação e importância do guia: O guia teve informações dispostas em: 1) Introdução ao guia; 2) Permitido nas publicações; 3) Proibido nas publicações; e 4) Considerações finais a profissionais e acadêmicos. Conclusão: O "Guia ético para publicidade odontológica nas mídias sociais", elaborado, neste trabalho, com subsídio didático-pedagógico, pode contribuir, na postura e prática deontológica nas mídias sociais na internet

Introduction: Virtual social networks are platforms that contribute to advertising and popularity, benefiting dentists. About 70% of Brazilians have access to the Internet, which facilitates advertising on social media, which can reach a greater number of people with the least possible investment. The Dental Code of Ethics explains that all communication and disclosure in Dentistry must comply with the provisions of this Code. Resolution 196/2019 brought changes regarding image postings on social networks. Objective: This work aimed to develop a guide based on the dental code of ethics (CFO-118/2012), and on the Resolutions of CFO-196/2019 and CFO-237/2022. Material and method: The guide for dentists, guiding advertising on digital social media, was organized by the first author: JL and, after review by the second author (LE), there was a consensus among the authors. The graphic design website CANVA (Sydney, Australia-2012) was the platform for the elaboration of the Guide pages with eye-catching, colorful fonts, images and icons calling attention to the caveats and prohibitions. The guide was made available to the community of interest with the publication of this article. Presentation and importance of the guide: The guide had information arranged in: 1) Introduction to the guide; 2) Allowed in publications; 3) Prohibited in publications; and 4) Final considerations to professionals and academics. Conclusion: The "Ethical guide for dental advertising on social media", elaborated in this work, with didactic-pedagogical subsidy, can contribute to the deontological posture and practice in social media on the internet

Effects of laser vs ultrasound on bone healing after distraction osteogenesis: A histomorphometric analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of low-level laser irradiation vs ultrasound irradiation on bone healing after distraction osteogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Distraction osteogenesis was performed with rapid maxillary expansion devices (Hyrax-Morelli, Sorocaba, São Paulo Brazil) in 24 rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). After a 2-day latency period, the distraction devices were activated for 10 days at a rate of 1 mm/d. Four groups of six animals were treated as follows: (1) control, (2) laser irradiation on the right side, (3) ultrasound irradiation on the right side, and (4) laser irradiation on the right side and ultrasound on the left side. Histomorphometric analysis was used to assess the bone healing area. Analysis of variance was used to perform the statistical analyses. RESULTS: The influence of low-intensity laser associated with ultrasound irradiation on bone healing was statistically significant. The analyses showed the greatest amount of bone healing in the jaws of animals in group 4, which received treatment with both ultrasound and laser. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that bone healing is accelerated with the application of laser irradiation. The greatest effects were observed with combined ultrasound and laser treatment.

Are self-ligating brackets related to less formation of Streptococcus mutans colonies? A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To verify, by means of a systematic review, whether the design of brackets (conventional or self-ligating) influences adhesion and formation of Streptococcus mutans colonies. SEARCH STRATEGY: four databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid ALL EMB Reviews, PubMed and BIREME) were selected to search for relevant articles covering the period from January 1965 to December 2012. SELECTION CRITERIA: in first consensus by reading the title and abstract. The full text was obtained from publications that met the inclusion criteria. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data using the following keywords: conventional, self-ligating, biofilm, Streptococcus mutans, and systematic review; and independently evaluated the quality of the studies. In case of divergence, the technique of consensus was adopted. RESULTS: The search strategy resulted in 1,401 articles. The classification of scientific relevance revealed the high quality of the 6 eligible articles of which outcomes were not unanimous in reporting not only the influence of the design of the brackets (conventional or self-ligating) over adhesion and formation of colonies of Streptococcus mutans, but also that other factors such as the quality of the bracket type, the level of individual oral hygiene, bonding and age may have greater influence. Statistical analysis was not feasible because of the heterogeneous methodological design. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that there is no evidence for a possible influence of the design of the brackets (conventional or self-ligating) over colony formation and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans.

Are self-ligating brackets related to less formation of Streptococcus mutans colonies? A systematic review

OBJECTIVE: To verify, by means of a systematic review, whether the design of brackets (conventional or self-ligating) influences adhesion and formation of Streptococcus mutans colonies. METHODS: Search strategy: four databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid ALL EMB Reviews, PubMed and BIREME) were selected to search relevant articles covering the period from January 1965 to December 2012. Selection Criteria: in first consensus by reading the title and abstract. The full text was obtained from publications that met the inclusion criteria. Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers independently extracted data using the keywords: conventional, self-ligating, biofilm, Streptococcus mutans, and systematic review; and independently evaluated the quality of the studies. In case of divergence, the technique of consensus was adopted. RESULTS: The search strategy resulted in 1,401 articles. The classification of scientific relevance revealed the high quality of the 6 eligible articles of which outcomes were not unanimous in reporting not only the influence of the design of the brackets (conventional or self-ligating) over adhesion and formation of colonies of Streptococcus mutans, but also that other factors such as the quality of the bracket type, the level of individual oral hygiene, bonding and age may have greater influence. Statistical analysis was not feasible because of the heterogeneous methodological design. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that there is no evidence for a possible influence of the design of the brackets (conventional or self-ligating) over colony formation and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans. .

OBJETIVO: verificar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, se o design dos braquetes (convencionais ou autoligáveis) apresenta influência na aderência e formação de colônias de Streptococcus mutans. MÉTODOS: quatro bases de dados (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Ovid ALL EMB Reviews; PubMed e BIREME) foram selecionadas para a busca por artigos relevantes, do período de janeiro de 1965 a dezembro de 2012. Os critérios de seleção foram inicialmente aplicados aos títulos e abstracts e o texto integral foi obtido de publicações que cumprira os critérios de inclusão. Dois revisores, de forma independente, extraíram os dados utilizando as palavras-chave "convencionais", "autoligados", "biofilme", "Streptococcus mutans" e "revisão sistemática" e avaliaram a qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos. No caso de divergência, foi adotada a técnica do consenso. RESULTADOS: a estratégia de busca resultou em 1.401 artigos. A classificação da relevância científica revelou alta qualidade dos 6 artigos elegíveis, cujos desfechos não foram unânimes em relatar a influência do design dos braquetes (convencionais ou autoligáveis) sobre a aderência e a formação de colônias de Streptococcus mutans, e que outros fatores como características dos tipos de braquetes, o nível de higiene bucal individual, colagem e idade dos indivíduos, podem ter maior influência. O tratamento estatístico foi inviável por causa do desenho metodológico heterogêneo. CONCLUSÕES: dentro das limitações do presente estudo, concluiu-se que não há evidência de uma possível influência do design dos braquetes (convencionais ou autoligáveis) sobre a aderência e a formação ...

Effects induced after the use of maxillary protraction appliances: a literature review / Efeitos induzidos após uso de aparelhos para tração reversa da maxila: uma revisão de literatura

OBJECTIVE: The present literature review, examined the effects of maxillary protraction in patients treated with different types of facial masks. METHODS: The review searched for relevant articles, including randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and uncontrolled trials. Comparisons were made between eight different types of facial masks: Delaire; Grummons; Petit; Turley; Batista; "Sky Hook"; Nanda and Türbinger. Following aspects were evaluated: a) the type of anchorage; the origin, direction and magnitude of forces and b) the relevant results of following skeletal and dental measurements: angular (SNA and SNB), linear (AFAI); vertical angles (SN.GoGn, FMA); dental (IMPA) and linear (1-NA, 1-NB). CONCLUSION: The results showed that there was no uniformity in the choice of anchorage type and form of application of forces between the facial masks examined, but there were similarities in skeletal and dental aspects: Anterior displacement of the maxillary complex (increase in SNA) ; anterior displacement of the upper anterior teeth (increase of 1-NA), the lingual inclination of mandibular incisors (decrease of 1-NB), down and back rotation of the mandible (increase AFAI, SN.GoGn, FMA, decrease in SNB).

OBJETIVO: o presente trabalho de revisão de literatura consistiu em realizar um estudo comparativo entre diversos modelos de máscaras faciais em relação às suas influências dentárias e esqueléticas e suas implicações sobre a altura facial inferior. MÉTODOS: optou-se pela busca de artigos relevantes, abrangendo estudos randomizados controlados, ensaios clínicos controlados e não-controlados, incluídos de acordo com critérios de elegibilidade. Foi realizada a comparação entre oito diferentes modelos de máscaras faciais: Delaire, Grummons, Petit, Turley, Batista, Sky Hook, Nanda e Tübinger. Foram coletados: a) o tipo de ancoragem, a origem, direção e magnitude das forças entre as máscaras faciais; e b) os resultados pertinentes às alterações das grandezas esqueléticas SNA e SNB, AFAI - ENA-Me, SN.GoGn, FMA; e as grandezas dentárias IMPA, 1-NA e 1-NB. CONCLUSÃO: não houve uniformidade na escolha do tipo de ancoragem e forma da aplicação das forças entre as máscaras envolvidas no estudo. Houve semelhança nas grandezas esqueléticas e dentárias: deslocamento anterior do complexo maxilar (aumento do SNA), deslocamento anterior dos dentes superiores (aumento do 1-NA), inclinação lingual dos incisivos inferiores (diminuição do 1-NB e IMPA), rotação da mandíbula para baixo e para trás (aumento do AFAI, SN.GoGn e FMA, diminuição do SNB).